Rabindranath World School

W-10/3120, DLF Phase III, Gurgaon (HR)

HALF YEARLY EXAMINATION (2024-25)

SUBJECT-PHYSICS
CLASS XII
SET B

Time: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:
i. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
ii. This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
iii. All the sections are compulsory.
iv. Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark each,
Section B contains five questions of 2 marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three marks
each, Section D contains two case-study based questions of four marks each and Section E contains
three long answer questions of five marks.
v. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in Section B
one question in Section C, one question each CBQ in section D and all three questions in section E. You
have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
vi. Use of calculators is not allowed.
vii. You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary.
i. c = 3 x 108 m/s
ii. me = 9.1 x10-31 kg
iii. e = 1.6 x 10-19 C
iv. µ0 = 4π x 10-7 Tm� −1
v. h = 6.63 x10-34 Js
vi. ε0 = 8.854 x10-12 � 2� −1 �−2
vii. Avogadro’s number = 6.023 X 1023 per gram mole
Section A
�
1. Three charges +4q, Q and q are placed in a straight line of length l at points at distances 0, 2 , and l 1
respectively. What should be Q in order to make the net force on q to be zero?
a) 4q
b) - q
c) - 2q
�
d) − 2

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2. The Electric flux through the surface 1

a) in Fig (iv) is the largest.

b) in Fig. (iii) is the least
c) is the same for all the figures
d) in Fig. (ii) is same as Fig. (iii) but is smaller than Fig. (iv)

3. A hollow metal sphere of radius 10 cm is charged such that the potential at its surface is 80 V. The 1
potential at the centre of the sphere is:
a) 80 V
b) 8 V
c) 800 V
d) Zero

4. The amount of charge a capacitor can store when a potential difference of 1V is applied across it is 1
called its
a) resistance
b) capacitance
c) reactance
d) inductance

5. Which one of the following will deflect in the electric field? 1

a) cathode rays
b) ultraviolet rays
c) X - rays
d) � - rays

6. Electromagnetic wave having frequency 5 × 1011 Hz is 1

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 a) X - rays
b) Ultraviolet wave
c) Radio wave
d) Microwave

7. In the circuit shown, the current through the 5� resistor is: 1

8
a) 3 �
4
b) 13 �
9
c) 13 �
1
d) 3 �

8. A coil having N turns carry a current as shown in the figure. The magnetic field intensity at point P is: 1

�0 ���2
a) �+� 2

�0 ���2
b) 3/2
2 �2+�2

�0 ��
c) 2�

d) zero

9. Following figures show the arrangement of bar magnets in different configurations. Each magnet has 1
magnetic dipole moment � . Which configuration has highest net magnetic dipole moment?
A.

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 B.

C.

D.

a) C
b) D
c) A
d) B

10. Which of the following figures correctly depicts the Lenz’s law? The arrows show the movement of 1
the labelled pole of a bar magnet into a closed circular loop and the arrows on the circle show the
direction of the induced current.

a)

b)

c)

d)

11. The magnitude of the electric field in the annular region of a charged cylindrical capacitor 1
1
a) varies as �2 where r is the distance from the axis
1
b) varies as � where r is the distance from the axis
c) is the same throughout
d) is higher near the outer cylinder than near the inner cylinder

12. If the speeds of gamma rays, X - rays and microwaves are v ​ � ,u​ � and v ​ � respectively, then 1
correct of their speeds will be:
a) v​ � > v ​ � > v ​ �
b) v​ � > v ​ � > v ​ �
c) v​ � < v ​ � < v ​ �
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 d) v​ � =v​ � =v​ �

For Questions 13 to 16, two statements are given –one labelled Assertion (A) and other labelled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as given below.
a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is correct explanation of Assertion.
b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
d) If Assertion is false but Reason is true.

13. Assertion (A): Figure shows a horizontal solenoid connected to a battery and a switch. A copper ring 1
is placed on a smooth surface, the axis of the ring being horizontal. As the switch is closed, the ring
will move away from the solenoid.

��
Reason (R): Induced emf in the ring, � = ��

14. Assertion (A): At any instant, if the current through an inductor is zero, then the induced emf may not 1
be zero.
Reason (R): An inductor tends to keep the flux constant.

15. Assertion (A): The force between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor is proportional to the charge 1
on it.
Reason (R): Electric force is equal to charge per unit area.

16. Assertion (A): Two concentric charged shells are given. The potential difference between the shells 1
depends on charge of inner shell.
Reason (R): Potential due to charge of outer shell remains same at every point inside the sphere.

Section B
17. A point charge causes an electric flux of −1.0 × 103 ��2 /� to pass through a spherical Gaussian 2
surface of 10.0 cm radius centered on the charge.
i. If the radius of the Gaussian surface was doubled, how much flux would pass through the
surface?

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 ii. What is the value of the point charge?
OR
Depict the orientation of the dipole in
i. stable
ii. unstable equilibrium in a uniform electric field.

18. Derive an expression for drift velocity of free electrons. 2

19. Write any four characteristics of electromagnetic waves. Give two uses of (i) radio waves (ii) 2
microwaves.

20. Two insulating infinitely long conductors carrying currents I ​ 1 and I ​ 2 lie mutually perpendicular 2
to each other in the same plane, as shown in given figure. Find the magnetic field at point P (a, b).

21. A small square loop of wire of side l is placed inside a large square loop of wire of side L (L >> l). The 2
loops are coplanar and their centres coincide [ Fig.] . Find the mutual inductance of the system.

Section C
22. State Gauss’s law. 3
A thin straight infinitely long conducting wire of linear charge density � is enclosed by a cylindrical
surface of radius r and length l. Its axis coinciding with the length of the wire. Obtain the expression
for the electric field, indicating its direction, at a point on the surface of the cylinder.

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23. S​ 1 and S ​ 2 are two hollow concentric spheres enclosing charges 2Q and 4Q respectively as shown 3
in the figure.

i. What is the ratio of electric flux through S​ 1 and S ​ 2 ?

ii. How will the electric flux through the sphere S​ 1 change, if a medium of dielectric constant 6
is introduced in the space inside S ​ 1 in the place of air?

OR

An electric dipole of dipole moment � is placed in a uniform electric field � . Write the expression for
the torque � experienced by the dipole. Identify the two pairs of perpendicular vectors in the
expression. Show diagrammatically the orientation of the dipole in the field for which the torque is
i. maximum,
ii. half the maximum value and
iii. zero

24. i. How is the electric field due to a charged parallel plate capacitor affected when a dielectric slab 3
is inserted between the plates fully occupying the intervening region?
ii. A slab of material of dielectric constant K has the same area as the plates of a parallel plate
�
capacitor but has thickness . where d is the separation between the plates. Find the expression
2
for the capacitance when the slab is inserted between the plates.

25. State the two rules that serve as general rules for analysis of electric circuit. Use these rules to write the 3
three equations that may be used to obtain the values of the three unknown currents in the branches of
the circuit given below:

26. What do you mean by diamagnetism, paramagnetism and ferromagnetism? 3

27. The figure shows a conductor of length l = 0.5 m and resistance r = 0.5 ohm sliding without friction at 3
a velocity v = 2 m/s over two conducting parallel rods ab and cd lying in a horizontal plane. A
resistance R = 2.5� connects the ends b and c. A vertical uniform magnetic field of induction B = 0.6 T

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 exists over the region.
Determine:
i. the current in the circuit,
ii. the force in the direction of motion to be applied to the conductor for the latter to move with the
velocity v and
iii. the thermal power dissipated by the circuit. Neglect the resistance of the guiding rods ab and cd

28. A sinusoidal voltage of peak value 10 V is applied to a series LCR circuit in which resistance, 3
capacitance, and inductance have values of 10� , 1 � F and 1 H respectively. Find
i. the peak voltage across the inductor at resonance
ii. quality factor of the circuit.
Section D
29. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: 4
The potential at any observation point P of a static electric field is defined as the work done by the
external agent (or negative of work done by electrostatic field) in slowly bringing a unit positive point
charge from infinity to the observation point. Figure shows the potential variation along the line of
charges. Two point charges Q​ 1 and Q ​ 2 lie along a line at a distance from each other.

i. At which of the points 1, 2 and 3 is the electric field zero?

a) both 1 and 2
b) 1
c) 2
d) 3

ii. The signs of charges Q​ 1 and Q ​ 2 respectively are

a) negative and positive
b) positive and positive
c) positive and negative
d) negative and negative

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 iii. Which of the two charges Q​ 1 and Q ​ 2 is greater in magnitude?

a) Q​ 2

b) Q​ 1

c) Same
d) Can’t be determined
iv. Which of the following statement is not true?
(i) Electrostatic force is a conservative force.
(ii) Potential energy of a charge q at a point is the work done per unit charge in bringing a
charge from any point to infinity.
(iii)When two like charges lie infinite distance apart, their potential energy is zero.
(iv) Both (i) and (ii)
a) Option (ii)
b) Option (iv)
c) Option (i)
d) Option (iii)
OR
� −�
iv. Positive and negative point charges of equal magnitude are kept at 0,0, 2 and 0,0, 2
respectively. The work done by the electric field when another positive point charge is moved from
( - a, 0, 0) to (0, a, 0) is
a) negative
b) positive
c) zero
d) depends on the path connecting the initial and final positions

30. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: 4

A magnetic field can be produced by moving charges or electric currents. The basic equation
governing the magnetic field due to a current distribution is the Biot-Savart law. Finding the magnetic
field resulting from a current distribution involves the vector product, and is inherently a calculus
problem when the distance from the current to the field point is continuously changing. According to
this law, the magnetic field at a point due to a current element of length �� carrying current I, at a
�0 � ���
distance r from the element is dB = .
4� �3

Biot-Savart law has certain similarities as well as differences with Coloumb’s law for electrostatic field

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e.g., there is an angle dependence in Biot-Savart law which is not present in electrostatic case.

i. The direction of magnetic field �� due to a current element Idl current I passes through a long
conductor is in the direction

a) of current element ��

b) perpendicular to both �� and �

c) of position vector � of the point

d) perpendicular to �� only
ii. The magnetic field due to a current in a straight wire segment of length L at a point on its
perpendicular bisector at a distance r (r >> L)
1
a) decreases as �2

b) approaches a finite limit as� → ∞

1
c) decreases as �

1
d) decreases as �3

iii. Two long straight wires are set parallel to each other. Each carries a current in the same
direction and the separation between them is 2r. The intensity of the magnetic field midway
between them is

�0 �
a) 4�

4�0�
b) �

�0 �
c) �

d) zero
iv. A long straight wire carries a current along the z - axis for any two points in the x - y plane.
Which of the following is always false?
a) The directions of the magnetic fields are the same
b) The field at one point is opposite to that at the other point
c) The magnitudes of the magnetic fields are equal

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 d) The magnetic fields are equal
OR
iv. Biot - Savart law can be expressed alternatively as
a) Ohm’s Law
b) Ampere’s circuital law
c) Gauss’s Law
d) Coulomb’s Law

Section E
31. i. Describe, with the help of a suitable diagram, the working principle of a step - up transformer. 5
Obtain the relation between input and output voltages in terms of the number of turns of
primary and secondary windings and the currents in the input and output circuits.
ii. Given the input current 15 A and the input voltage of 100 V for a step - up transformer having
90% efficiency, find the output power and the voltage in the secondary if the output current is 3
A.
OR
i. What do you understand by the sharpness of resonance in a series L - C - R circuit? Derive an
expression for Q - factor of the circuit.
ii. Three electrical circuits having AC sources of variable frequency are shown in the figures.
Initially, the current flowing in each of these is same. If the frequency of the applied AC source
is increased, how will the current flowing in these circuits be affected? Give the reason for your
answer.

32. i. Write the principle and explain the working of a moving coil galvanometer. A galvanometer as 5
such cannot be used to measure the current in a circuit. Why?
ii. Why is the magnetic field made radial in a moving coil galvanometer? How is it achieved?
OR
i. With the help of a diagram, explain the principle and working of a moving coil galvanometer.
ii. What is the importance of a radial magnetic field and how is it produced?
iii. Why is it necessary to introduce a cylindrical soft iron core inside the coil of a galvanometer?

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 Increasing the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may not necessarily increase its voltage sensitivity.
Justify this statement.

33. Two squares ABCD and BEFC have the side BC in common. The sides are of conducting wires with 5
resistances as follows: AB, BE, FC and CD each 2� ; AD, BC, EF each 1 � . A cell of emf 2 V and
internal resistance 2 � is joined across AD. Find the currents in various branches of the circuit.
OR
i. State Kirchhoff’s rules. Use them to obtain the condition of balance for a Wheatstone Bridge.
ii. Use Kirchhoff’s rule to determine the currents flowing through the branches MN, TO and SP in
the circuit shown in the figure.

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