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The document explains the legal term 'habeas corpus' in Tagalog, referring to it as 'kasulatan ng utos ng hukuman' or 'writo ng habeas corpus,' which protects individuals from unlawful detention and allows them to challenge their confinement. It also discusses the 'fruit of the poisonous tree' doctrine, which excludes evidence obtained from illegal actions, thereby deterring police misconduct and protecting constitutional rights. The origins of this doctrine are traced back to U.S. Supreme Court cases, emphasizing its significance in ensuring fair legal processes.

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Andro Francisco
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19 views2 pages

NNNN

The document explains the legal term 'habeas corpus' in Tagalog, referring to it as 'kasulatan ng utos ng hukuman' or 'writo ng habeas corpus,' which protects individuals from unlawful detention and allows them to challenge their confinement. It also discusses the 'fruit of the poisonous tree' doctrine, which excludes evidence obtained from illegal actions, thereby deterring police misconduct and protecting constitutional rights. The origins of this doctrine are traced back to U.S. Supreme Court cases, emphasizing its significance in ensuring fair legal processes.

Uploaded by

Andro Francisco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

While there isn't a single perfect direct Tagalog translation for the legal term

"habeas corpus," in Tagalog, it refers to a "kasulatan ng utos ng hukuman" or


"writo ng habeas corpus," which is a court order to present a detained person
to explain the legality of their imprisonment. It's a fundamental right protecting
against unlawful detention, ensuring individuals can challenge their
confinement and prove its illegality.
What Habeas Corpus Means in Tagalog:
 "Kasulatan ng utos ng hukuman": (court order).
 "Writo ng habeas corpus": (writ of habeas corpus).
Purpose and Significance:
 Protection Against Illegal Detention:
It is a safeguard against being imprisoned or detained without valid legal
reason.
 Right to Know the Reason for Detention:
It gives a person the right to know why they are being arrested or held.
 Challenging Unlawful Confinement:
It allows a detained person to seek relief from the court by showing the
reason for their imprisonment is not lawful.
 Holding Authorities Accountable:
It holds public officials accountable for detaining individuals and requires
them to justify their actions.
The fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine is a legal principle that excludes
evidence from trial if it was obtained as a result of an illegal action, such as an
illegal search or arrest. It extends the exclusionary rule by stating that not only
the tainted evidence ("poisonous tree") but also any evidence derived from it
("fruit") is inadmissible. The doctrine's purpose is to deter police misconduct
and ensure constitutional rights, particularly the Fourth Amendment's
protection against unreasonable searches and seizures.
How it Works
1. 1. The "Poisonous Tree":
This refers to the initial illegal act by law enforcement, such as a warrantless
search, an illegal arrest, or a coerced confession.
2. 2. The "Fruit":
This is any evidence discovered or obtained as a direct result of the illegal
act.
3. 3. Inadmissibility:
Under the doctrine, both the "poisonous tree" (the illegally obtained
evidence) and its "fruit" (the derivative evidence) cannot be used in court.
Purpose
 Deter Police Misconduct:
By excluding illegally obtained evidence and its derivatives, the doctrine
discourages police from engaging in illegal tactics during investigations.
 Protect Constitutional Rights:
It reinforces the constitutional protection against unreasonable searches and
seizures (Fourth Amendment in the U.S.) and the right to a fair trial.
Origin
 The doctrine was established by the U.S. Supreme Court in Silverthorne
Lumber Co. v. United States (1920).
 The specific phrase "fruit of the poisonous tree" was coined by Justice Felix
Frankfurter in Nardone v. United States (1939).
Example
If police illegally search a home without a warrant (the "poisonous tree") and
discover a weapon, any additional evidence derived from that weapon (like a
witness statement or a hidden stash of drugs found because of the weapon's
location) would also be considered tainted "fruit" and would be excluded from
court.

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