List--
Container is an entity which contains multiple data items. It is also known as a collection or compound
data types.
Python has following data types
List Tuples
Sets Dictionaries
Lists commonly used for handling variable length data.
A list is defined by writing comma-seperated elements within[ ].
num = [10, 25, 35, 40, 100]
names = [ 'Sanjay', 'Anil', 'Narendra','Sourav' ]
ages = [23, 24, 23, 34, 35] #duplicates allowed
num = [10] * 5 # stores [10,10,10,10,10]
lst = [ ] # empity list, valid
##Like strings list can be sliced.
Looping in lists
If we wish to process each item in the list, we should be able to iterate through the list. This can done
using a while or for loop.
animals = [ ' Zebra', 'Tiger', 'Lion', 'Jackal','Kangaroo' ]
#using while loop
i=0
while i < len(animals):
print(animals[ i ])
i += 1
#using more covenient for loop
for a in animals :
print(a) SJD
While iterating through a list using a for loop, if we wish to keep track or index of the element that a is
referring to, we can do so using the bulit-in enumerate( ) function.
animals = [ ' Zebra', 'Tiger', 'Lion', 'Jackal','Kangaroo' ]
for index, a in enumerate (animals) :
print(index, a)
# unlike strings, lists are mutable.
Concatenation::::---
lst = [ 12, 15, 13, 23, 22, 16, 17 ]
lst = lst + [ 33, 44, 55 ]
print(lst) # prints [ 12, 15, 13, 23, 22, 23, 16, 17, 33, 44, 55]
Merging::::----
s= [10, 20, 30]
t=[100, 200, 300]
z= s + t
print(z) # prints [10, 20, 30, 100, 200, 300]
Conversion:::---
A string/ tuple / set can be converted into a list using the list( ) conversion function.
l = list('Africa') # converts the string to a list ['A', 'f', 'r', 'i', 'c', 'a']
Cloning::---
Rhis involves copying of one list to another. After copying both refer to different lists, though both
contain same values. Changing one list, doesnot change another. This operation is often known as deep
copy.
lst1 =[10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
lst2= [ ] #empty list
lst2 = lst2 + lst1 # lst1,lst2 refer to diffwrnt lists
print(lst1)
print(lst2) SJD
lst1[0]= 100
print(lst1[0],lst2[0])
Searching::----
An element can be searched in a list using the in memebership operator
lst = ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u']
res = 'a' in lst # returnTrue since 'a' is present in list
res = 'z' not in lst # return true since z is absent in list
Comparison::---
It is possible to compare contents of two lists. Comparison is done item by item till there is a missmatch.
In following code it would be decided that a is less than b when 3 and 5 are compared.
a = [1, 2, 3, 4]
b = [ 1, 2, 5]
print(a<b) #prints true
Using built in functions on lists
len(lst) # return number of items in the list
max(lst) # return maximum element in the list
min(lst) # return minimum element in the list
sum(lst) # return sum of all elements in the list
any(lst) # return true if any element of lst is true
all(lst) # return true if all element s of lst are true
del() # delete elements or sliced or entire list
sorted(lst) # return sorted list, lst remains unchanged
reversed(lst) # use for reversing lst SJD
List Methods::-----
Any list is an object of type list. Its method can be accessed using the syntax lst. method().
lst=[ 12, 15, 13, 23, 22, 22, 16, 17] # create list
lst.append(22) # at new item at end
lst.remove(13) # delete item 13 from the list
lst.pop( ) # removes last item in list
lst.pop(3) # remove 3rd item in the list
lst.insert(3,21) # insert 21 at 3rd position
lst.count(23) # return no of times 23 appears in lst
idx= lst.index(22) # return index of item 22
lst = [10, 2, 0, 50, 4]
lst.reverse( )
print(lst)
lst.sort( )
print(lst)
lst.sort(reverse= True)
print(lst)
Note that reverse( ) and sort( ) donot return a list. Both manipulate the list in place....
SJD
