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Class11 IP Chapter1 ComputerSystemOverview

Chapter 1 of Class 11 Informatics Practices provides an overview of computer systems, detailing their components, including hardware and software, as well as memory units and number systems. It explains the significance of Boolean algebra and logic circuits in computing, and describes different types of software and language translators. The chapter emphasizes the integration of hardware and software in processing binary data and the importance of memory classification.

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9 views1 page

Class11 IP Chapter1 ComputerSystemOverview

Chapter 1 of Class 11 Informatics Practices provides an overview of computer systems, detailing their components, including hardware and software, as well as memory units and number systems. It explains the significance of Boolean algebra and logic circuits in computing, and describes different types of software and language translators. The chapter emphasizes the integration of hardware and software in processing binary data and the importance of memory classification.

Uploaded by

sakshichandrakar29
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Class 11 Informatics Practices - Chapter 1

Computer System Overview


1. Introduction to Computer System
A computer system is an integrated device that processes information using hardware and software
components. It takes input, processes it, and produces output. 2. Components of a Computer
System
- Hardware: Physical components like CPU, monitor, keyboard, mouse, memory devices.
- Software: Set of programs that run on hardware.
* System Software: Operating system, device drivers, language translators.
* Application Software: Programs that help users (MS Word, Excel, browsers, etc.).
3. Memory Units
- Primary Memory: RAM (volatile), ROM (non-volatile).
- Secondary Storage: Hard disk, SSD.
- Cache Memory: High-speed memory between CPU and RAM.
- Units: Bit, Byte, KB, MB, GB, TB, PB.
4. Number System
Computers use binary number system internally.
- Decimal (Base 10)
- Binary (Base 2)
- Octal (Base 8)
- Hexadecimal (Base 16)
Conversions:
- Decimal to Binary: Repeated division by 2.
- Binary to Decimal: Multiply each bit by powers of 2.
Example: 1011 (binary) = 1×2³ + 0×2² + 1×2¹ + 1×2■ = 11 (decimal)
5. Boolean Algebra
Boolean Algebra is used to simplify logic circuits.
- Basic Gates: AND, OR, NOT.
- Truth Tables:
* AND: Output is 1 if both inputs are 1.
* OR: Output is 1 if at least one input is 1.
* NOT: Inverts the input.
- Laws of Boolean Algebra:
* Idempotent Law, Complement Law, Identity Law, Distributive Law.
6. Logic Circuits
Logic gates are physical implementations of Boolean expressions.
Example: Expression A·B + C implemented using AND and OR gates.
7. Software Types
- System Software: Manages hardware and software (OS, compiler, interpreter).
- Application Software: Designed for end-users (MS Word, Tally, Photoshop).
- Utility Software: Antivirus, file management, compression tools.
8. Language Translators
- Assembler: Converts assembly language to machine code.
- Compiler: Translates entire program into machine code.
- Interpreter: Translates line by line.
9. Summary
- A computer system integrates hardware and software.
- Works with binary data and Boolean logic.
- Memory is classified as primary, secondary, and cache.
- Number systems are crucial for data representation.
- Logic gates are basic building blocks of circuits.

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