1- Introduce yourself.

2- Describe a challenge you faced as a devops engineer and how you overcame it.
3- Would you like to work individually or in a team.
4 - Tell me about something where you got a chance to learn and implement from scratch.
5- How would you be handling a situation where you are not getting any help from your team
members.

AWS Questions:
1- Launch template vs launch configuration.
2- How do you communicate with AWS services privately without exposing to internet.
3- NAT g/w vs NAT instance v/s Egress only IGW v/s IGW
4- Design a 3 tier infrastructure using the AWS services which should be secure and highly available.
5- Statefull v/s stateless firewalls.
6- Differentiate between NLB and ALB.
7- You want to redirect traffic from x.company.in

to company.in/x

, how to achieve it.

8- Your database initially performs well, but after certain month you face slowness. How to
troubleshoot and fix the same.

K8s:
1- K8s architecture
2- Deployment v/s stateful set v/s replica set
3- What is config map
4- Role of etcd in kubernetes.
5- How rolling updates work in a deployment?

Docker:
1- ADD v/s COPY
2- Entrypoint v/s CMD
3- How to remove all unwanted or unused docker objects from system?
4- Multistage docker build.
5- Is docker file immutable

Terraform:
1- What does terraform init do ?
2- How to auto approve the terraform changes?
3- count v/s foreach
4- How to import an existing resource to terraform?
5- Data black in terraform.
6- What are provisioners in terraform?
7- Remote backend.

Linux:
1- How to check the list of installed packages?
2- Command to check kernel version.
3- How to create a new user and add it as sudo?
4- Command to check if a process called "a" is running or not. If running how stop it.
5- Command to list all files less than 5mb.
6- Hard link v/s soft link.
7- Commands to check disk space usage and free RAM.

CI/CD:
1- Git fetch v/s Git pull
2- Sonarqube quality gate vs quality profile.
3- What is sonar runner.
4- Types of pipeline in Jenkins.
5- Scripted vs Declarative pipeline.
6- Should we prefer artifactory to store artifacts or should we store them in s3.
7- How to upgrade plugins in Jenkins.
8- Usermanagement in Jenkins.
9- Concepts about Gitlab runners.
10- How to upgrade Jenkins.

Ansible:
1- loops in Ansible.
2- Ansible Roles.
3- Is Ansible idempotent?
4- Ansible script to install nginx.
5- Conditionals in Ansible.

I hope sharing these can provide some insight and help with your preparation. Feel free to share your
experience!!!

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. What scripting languages are you familiar with?
2. What are artifacts in GitLab CI?
3. What is a private module registry in Terraform?
4. If you delete the local Terraform state file and it's not stored in S3 or DynamoDB, how can you
recover it?
5. How do you import resources into Terraform?
6. What is a dynamic block in Terraform?
7. How can you create EC2 instances in two different AWS accounts simultaneously using Terraform?
8. How do you handle an error stating that the resource already exists when creating resources with
Terraform?
9. How does Terraform refresh work?
10. How would you upgrade Terraform plugins?
11. What are the different types of Kubernetes volumes?
12. If a pod is in a crash loop, what might be the reasons, and how can you recover it?
13. What is the difference between StatefulSet and DaemonSet?
14. What is a sidecar container in Kubernetes, and what are its use cases?
15. If pods fail to start during a rolling update, what strategy would you use to identify the issue and
rollback?
16. How can we enable communication between 500 AWS accounts internally?
17. How to configure a solution where a Lambda function triggers on an S3 upload and updates
DynamoDB?
18. What is the standard port for RDP?
19. How do you configure a Windows EC2 instance to join an Active Directory domain?
20. How can you copy files from a Linux server to an S3 bucket?
21. What permissions do you need to grant for that S3 bucket?
22. What are the different types of VPC endpoints and when do you use them?
23. How to resolve an image pullback error when using an Alpine image pushed to ECR in a pipeline?
24. What is the maximum size of an S3 object?
25. What encryption options do we have in S3?
26. Can you explain IAM user, IAM role, and IAM group in AWS?
27. What is the difference between an IAM role and an IAM policy document?
28. What are inline policies and managed policies?
29. How can we add a load balancer to Route 53?
30. What are A records and CNAME records?
31. What is the use of a target group in a load balancer?
32. If a target group is unhealthy, what might be the reasons?
33. Can you share your screen and write a Jenkins pipeline?
34. How do you write parallel jobs in a Jenkins pipeline?

hashtag#Terraform Interview Questions:-

1. Can you describe what workspaces are in Terraform and how they assist with infrastructure
management?

2. What are the best practices for managing secrets or sensitive information within Terraform
configurations?

3. Could you explain the differences between the `count` and `for_each` meta-arguments in
Terraform?

4. How do you manage dependencies between different resources in Terraform configurations?

5. How does Terraform manage state, and why is state management crucial?

6. What role do providers play in Terraform, and how do they aid in managing infrastructure?

7. What techniques can be used to enable parallelism in Terraform operations and enhance
performance?

8. What are remote backends in Terraform, and what are the benefits of using them?

9. How can Terraform modules be effectively managed in a large-scale infrastructure setup?

10. What methods are available to prevent concurrent modifications to Terraform state?
11. Can you explain the differences between the `local-exec` and `remote-exec` provisioners in
Terraform?

12. How can Terraform state be securely managed across multiple environments or teams?

13. What is the difference between the `taint` and `import` commands in Terraform?

14. How do you detect and address drift in Terraform-managed infrastructure?

15. What are some best practices for organizing Terraform configurations to ensure they are modular
and reusable?

1. Jenkins CI/CD pipeline with GitHub webhook integration for Deploying Docker application on
EC2 instances using the declarative pipeline.
Link: https://lnkd.in/dbpafr7z

2. Jenkins Declarative Pipeline.

Link: https://lnkd.in/dkE6Wv89

3. Host a static website using the AWS S3 bucket.

Link: https://lnkd.in/dK82dbrF

4. Deploy web app using Jenkins master and worker node.

Link: https://lnkd.in/dU2a7CgW

5. Deploying web app using Docker Swarm. (Production Ready).

Link: https://lnkd.in/dyE_79Gg

6. Deploy the Reddit clone web app, on the Kubernetes cluster.

Link: https://lnkd.in/dUKe5hch

7. Installation and setup of Grafana on the local environment - Part -1.

Link: https://lnkd.in/dB7z7wSK
8. Grafana Setup and How to monitor resources - Part -2.
Link: https://lnkd.in/dJx9w7Ge

9. Mount AWS S3 Bucket on Amazon EC2 Linux Using S3FS.

Link: https://lnkd.in/dr2wbxRQ

10. Deploy React_Django web app, using AWS ECR and ECS.
Link: https://lnkd.in/deMKn_7Z

Medium Link: https://medium.com/@chetxn

GitHub Link: https://github.com/chxtan

To start with Kubernetes:

1) Learn container fundamentals.

2) Practice Locally (Minikube or Kind)

𝗧𝗮𝗸𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲𝘀𝗲 𝗳𝗿𝗲𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘀𝗲𝘀:

↳ https://lnkd.in/dEETQrmN
Introduction to Kubernetes (The Linux Foundation)

↳ https://lnkd.in/dBchVjXi
Kubernetes. io Tutorials

𝗙𝗼𝗿 𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗱𝘀-𝗼𝗻 𝗽𝗿𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗲, 𝗲𝘅𝗽𝗹𝗼𝗿𝗲:

↳ https://lnkd.in/d2Wtw_69
The Hard Way Series by Kelsey Hightower

↳ https://lnkd.in/dCK3izSU
KodeKloud Kubernetes Labs

At this point, you are ready to deploy your first project:

Deploy a simple application like a Node.js or Python app using Kubernetes Deployments and
Services.

Start with basic manifests and explore 𝗸𝘂𝗯𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗹 𝗲𝘅𝗽𝗹𝗮𝗶𝗻 to understand configuration fields.
If YAML feels overwhelming, don’t worry.

As you progress, try Helm charts or Kustomize for managing complex configurations.

From here, dive deeper into Kubernetes concepts:

- RBAC: To manage permissions.

- Networking: Explore Services, Ingress controllers, and network policies.
- Storage: Understand Persistent Volumes (PVs) and Persistent Volume Claims (PVCs).

𝗙𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗹𝗹𝘆, 𝗸𝗲𝗲𝗽 𝘁𝗵𝗲𝘀𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗿𝗲𝗲 𝗽𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗶𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗺𝗶𝗻𝗱:

1) Start small and experiment.

Build confidence by deploying simple applications and iterating on features like autoscaling,
ConfigMaps, and Secrets.

2) Use official resources and documentation.

Refer to kubernetes.io

for trusted information and tutorials.

3) Engage with real-world use cases.

Collaborate with others in forums, GitHub repos, or through the kubernetes.io/community/

During this journey, you might feel overwhelmed.

Here’s the good news:

You don’t need to know everything to be effective. Concentrate on areas relevant to your projects
and expand your expertise over time.

Emphasize hands-on practice and Apply. Your. Knowledge.

That’s how you succeed with Kubernetes.

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