LESSON 1
What is exponent?
An exponent is any real number which denotes how
many times a number will be multiplied by itself.
What if the exponent of a certain base is an algebraic
expression? Is it possible?
TWO CATEGORIES OF EXPONENTIAL
FUNCTIONS
1. An exponential growth
function is greater than 1, so
the quantity increases rapidly
over time.
Examples:
Population growth
Compound interest
Spread of viruses
TWO CATEGORIES OF EXPONENTIAL
FUNCTIONS
2. An exponential decay
function is between 0 and 1,
so the quantity decreases
rapidly at first, then levels off.
Examples:
Radioactive decay
Depreciation of a car’s
value
Cooling of hot objects
If the base is negative, the function isn’t considered a
standard exponential function, because it doesn’t work
cleanly for all real x. It either jumps around for integer x,
or requires complex numbers.
Properties of 𝑦 = 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑏 𝑥
1. Domain: all numbers 𝑥 or 𝑥 𝑥 ∈ ℝ
2. Range: all real numbers 𝑦 or 𝑦 𝑦 ∈ ℝ
3. The function is increasing when b > 1, and it is
decreasing when 0 < b < 1.
4. The curve is concave up for b > 1 and for 0 < b < 1.
5. The function is one-to-one function
6. The point (0,1) is on the curve and there is no x-
intercept.
7. The x-axis is a horizontal asymptote to the curve,
toward the left for b > 1 and toward the right for 0 < b <
EXPONENTIAL
FUNCTION EQUATION INEQUALITY
DEFINITION A type of function A type of equation A type of inequality which
containing a base and wherein the unknown one side or both has
an exponent with variable is reflected in the variable in the exponent
algebraic expression exponent, separated by
an equal sign
FORM
𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑏 𝑥 𝑜𝑟 𝑏𝑥 = 𝑏𝑦 𝑏𝑥 > 𝑏𝑦
𝑦 = 𝑏𝑥
ELEMENT
𝑓 𝑥 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = <>≤≥≠
EXAMPLE 𝑓 𝑥 = 2𝑥+1 3𝑥−1 = 32𝑥−3 7𝑥+3 < 32𝑥−3
𝐺 𝑥 = 53𝑥+5 22𝑥+5 = 24𝑥−5 107𝑥−2
𝑓 𝑥 = 32−𝑥 5𝑥+1 = 33−𝑥2 ≥ 102−2𝑥
43𝑥−8
> 16 𝑥−9
Kaleb is a marathoner. During his intensive training, his
mother challenged him and offered two choices, each
with their own reward. The first choice states that for
every meter that he will run, he will be given Php 30.00,
while the second choice is that he will be given Php
20.00 in the first meter and it will be doubled on the
succeeding meters. Represent the functions indicated
in the scenario.
Choice 1: 𝑃ℎ𝑝 30.00 𝑥
choice 2: 𝑃ℎ𝑝 20.00 2 𝑥
More example
• Represent the function for each
situation
• During the Enhanced Community
Quarantine, Thea decided to put
up an online store selling 𝑥
merienda every afternoon. She 𝑓 𝑥 = 2000 ∙ 2 + 200
started with a capital of Php 2,
000.00 and was earning double
the amount of her capital with an
additional Php 200.00 for the total
delivery charge in a day.
situation
Researchers want to
know how Corona virus
grows. They started with 𝑥
20 on the first day of 𝑓 𝑥 = 20 ∙ 36
their experiment and
observed that it triples
every 6 hours
A certain culture of
bacteria initially
contains one
bacteria and
𝑡
doubles every hour. 𝑓 𝑥 = 1 ∙ 2
How many bacteria
are in the culture at
the end of 24 hours?
A certain culture of
bacteria initially
contains one
bacteria and
24
doubles every hour. 𝑓 𝑥 = 1 ∙ 2
How many bacteria
are in the culture at
the end of 24 hours?
A certain culture of
bacteria initially
contains one
bacteria and
doubles every hour. 𝑓 𝑥 = 1 ∙ 16,777,216
How many bacteria
are in the culture at
the end of 24 hours?
A certain culture of
bacteria initially
contains one
bacteria and
doubles every hour. 𝑓 𝑥 = 16,777,216
How many bacteria bacteria
are in the culture at
the end of 24 hours?
