Calculate the correlation coefficient r for the following data.
The following data represents the number of hours 12 different students watched
television during the weekend and the scores of each student who took a test the
following Monday.
a.) Display the scatter plot.
b.) Calculate the correlation coefficient r.
Find the equation of the regression line
The following data represents the number of hours 12 different students watched television
during the weekend and the scores of each student who took a test the following Monday.
a.) Find the equation of the regression line.
b.) Use the equation to find the expected test score for a student who watches 9 hours
of TV.
A student who watches 9 hours of TV over the weekend can expect to receive
about a 57.34 on Monday’s test.
An industrial engineer intends to use the mean of a random sample of size n = 150 to estimate the
average mechanical aptitude (as measured by a certain test) of assembly line workers in a large
industry. If, on the basis of experience, the engineer can assume that σ = 6.2 for such data, what
can he assert with probability 0.99 about the maximum size of his error?
A research worker wants to determine the average time it takes a mechanic to rotate the tires of
a car, and she wants to be able to assert with 95% confidence that the mean of her sample is off
by at most 0.50 minute. If she can presume from past experience that σ = 1.6 minutes, how large a
sample will she have to take?
A random sample of size n = 100 is taken from a population with σ = 5.1. Given that the sample
mean is x = 21.6, construct a 95% confidence interval for the population mean μ.
The mean weight loss of n = 16 grinding balls after a certain length of time in mill slurry is 3.42 g with a
standard deviation of 0.68 g. Construct a 99% confidence interval for the true mean weight of such
grinding balls.
The heights of fully grown magnolia bushes have a mean height of 8 feet and a standard
deviation of 0.7 feet. 38 bushes are randomly selected from the population, and the mean
of each sample is determined. Find the mean and standard error of the mean of the
sampling distribution.
Find the probability that the mean height of the 38 bushes is less than 7.8 feet.
P (z < 1.82 ) = 0.0344 The
probability that the mean height of
the 38 bushes is less than 7.8 feet
is 0.0344.
If a 1-gallon can of paint covers on the average 513.3 square ft., with a standard
deviation of 31.5 square ft., what is the probability that the sample mean area covered
by a sample of 40 of these 1-gallon cans will be between 510 and 520 square ft.?
P(510 < x < 520) = P(-0.66 < z < 1.34) = F(1.34) - F(-0.66) = 0.9099 – 0.2546 = 0.6553
The following is the time taken (in minutes) for an ambulance in a certain city and the
patient's arrival at the hospital in 6 calls: 27, 15, 20, 32, 18, and 26. Use these figures
to judge the reasonableness of ambulance service's claim that it takes 20 minutes on
average between the call for an ambulance and the patient's arrival at the hospital.
Assume normality.
When a sample size is less
So the data fail to reject the claim.
An optical firm purchases glass to be ground into lenses, and it is known from past experience
that the variance of refractive index of this kind of glass is 1.26*10-4 . As it is important
that the various pieces of glass have nearly the same index of refraction, the firm rejects
such a shipment if the sample variance of 20 pieces selected at random exceeds 2.0*10 -4 .
Assuming that normal population, what is that a shipment will be rejected even σ 2 = 1.26*10
-4 ?
Thus the probability that a good shipment will
be rejected is less than 0.05.
Find the area under the standard normal curve to the left of z = -2.33.
Find the area under the standard normal curve to the right of z = 0.94.
Find the probabilities that a random variable having the standard normal distribution will
take on a value
a) between 0.87 and 1.28 :
b) greater than 0.85 :
Find the area under the standard normal curve between z = !1.98 and z = 1.07.
Find a) Z0.01 b) Z0.05
Find the z-score that corresponds to a cumulative area of 0.9973
Find the z-score that corresponds to a cumulative area of 0.4170.
Find the z-score that corresponds to P75 .
The average on a statistics test was 78 with a standard deviation of 8. If the test scores are
normally distributed, find the probability that a student receives a test score less than 90.
The probability that a student
receives a test score less than
90 is 0.9332.
The average on a statistics test was 78 with a standard deviation of 8. If the test scores are
normally distributed, find the probability that a student receives a test score greater than 85.
The probability that a student receives a
test score greater than 85 is 0.1894.
The average on a statistics test was 78 with a standard deviation of 8. If the test scores
are normally distributed, find the probability that a student receives a test score between
60 and 80.
A The actual amount of instant coffee which a filling machine puts into”4ounce” jars may be looked
upon as a random variable having a normal distribution with σ = 0.04 ounce. If only 2% of the jars
are to contain less than 4- ounces, what is the mean fill of these jars?
If 20% of the memory chips made in a certain plant are defective, what are the probabilities that
in a lot of 100 randomly chosen for inspection
A. At most 15 will be defective.
B. Exactly 15 will be defective.
Calculate the correlation coefficient r for the following data.
The following data represents the number of hours 12 different students watched
television during the weekend and the scores of each student who took a test the
following Monday.
a.) Display the scatter plot.
b.) Calculate the correlation coefficient r.
Find the equation of the regression line
The following data represents the number of hours 12 different students watched television
during the weekend and the scores of each student who took a test the following Monday.
a.) Find the equation of the regression line.
b.) Use the equation to find the expected test score for a student who watches 9 hours
of TV.
A student who watches 9 hours of TV over the weekend can expect to receive
about a 57.34 on Monday’s test.
A university publicizes that the proportion of its students who graduate in 4 years is
82%.
A water faucet manufacturer announces that the mean flow rate of a certain type of
faucet is 2.5 gallons per minute. Our water pressure is low.
A cereal company advertises that the mean weight of the contents of its 20-ounce size cereal
boxes is 20 ounces. We think the boxes contain less cereal.
The USDA limit for salmonella contamination for chicken is 20%. A meat inspector reports
that the chicken produced by a company exceeds the USDA limit. You perform a hypothesis
test to determine whether the meat inspector’s claim is true. When will a type I or type II
error occur? Which is more serious?
A type I error is rejecting H 0 when it is true. (RT1)
The actual proportion of contaminated chicken has not
exceeded 0.2, but you decide to reject H0 .
A type II error is failing to reject H 0 when it is
false. (FF2) The actual proportion of contaminated
chicken is greater than 0.2, but you do not reject H0
Three types of hypothesis tests
For each claim, state H 0 and Ha . Then determine whether the hypothesis test is a left-
tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test. Sketch a normal sampling distribution and shade the
area for the P-value , A university publicizes that the proportion of its students who
graduate in 4 years is 82%
For each claim, state H 0 and Ha . Then determine whether the hypothesis test is a left-
tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test. Sketch a normal sampling distribution and shade the
area for the P-value. A water faucet manufacturer announces that the mean flow rate of a
certain type of faucet is less than 2.5 gallons per minute.
For each claim, state H 0 and Ha . Then determine whether the hypothesis test is a left-
tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test. Sketch a normal sampling distribution and shade the
area for the P-value. A cereal company advertises that the mean weight of the contents of
its 20-ounce size cereal boxes is more than 20 ounces.
Using Rejection Regions for a z-Test for a Mean µ
Employees in a large accounting firm claim that the mean salary of the firm’s accountants is
the same as that of its competitor’s, which is $45,000. A random sample of 30 of the firm’s
accountants has a mean salary of $43,500 with a standard deviation of $5200. At α = 0.05,
test the employees’ claim.
Since the p-value falls outside the rejection
region, we fail to reject the null hypothesis
and can say that there is not sufficient
evidence to support the employees’ claim
that the mean salary is less than $45,000.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture reports that the mean cost of raising a child from birth to
At the 5% level of significance, you have enough
evidence to conclude the mean cost of raising a child
from birth to age 2 in a rural area is significantly
different from $10,460.
Finding Critical Values in a t-Distribution
left-tailed, use “One Tail, ” column with a negative sign,
b. right-tailed, use “One Tail, ” column with a positive sign,
c. two-tailed, use “Two Tails, ” column with a negative and a
positive sign
Find the critical values t and -t for a left-tailed test given = 0.05 and n = 21
Find the critical values t and -t for a two-tailed test given = 0.05 and n = 26.
Using the t-Test for a Mean μ (Small Sample)
A used car dealer says that the mean price of a 2005 Honda Pilot LX is $23,900. You suspect
At the 0.05 level of significance, there is enough
evidence to reject the claim that the mean price
of a 2005 Honda Pilot LX is $23,900
An industrial engineer intends to use the mean of a random sample of size n = 150 to estimate the
average mechanical aptitude (as measured by a certain test) of assembly line workers in a large
industry. If, on the basis of experience, the engineer can assume that σ = 6.2 for such data, what
can he assert with probability 0.99 about the maximum size of his error?
A research worker wants to determine the average time it takes a mechanic to rotate the tires of
a car, and she wants to be able to assert with 95% confidence that the mean of her sample is off
by at most 0.50 minute. If she can presume from past experience that σ = 1.6 minutes, how large a
sample will she have to take?
A random sample of size n = 100 is taken from a population with σ = 5.1. Given that the sample
mean is x = 21.6, construct a 95% confidence interval for the population mean μ.
The mean weight loss of n = 16 grinding balls after a certain length of time in mill slurry is 3.42 g with a
standard deviation of 0.68 g. Construct a 99% confidence interval for the true mean weight of such
grinding balls.
The heights of fully grown magnolia bushes have a mean height of 8 feet and a standard
deviation of 0.7 feet. 38 bushes are randomly selected from the population, and the mean
of each sample is determined. Find the mean and standard error of the mean of the
sampling distribution.
Find the probability that the mean height of the 38 bushes is less than 7.8 feet.
P (z < 1.82 ) = 0.0344 The
probability that the mean height of
the 38 bushes is less than 7.8 feet
is 0.0344.
If a 1-gallon can of paint covers on the average 513.3 square ft., with a standard
deviation of 31.5 square ft., what is the probability that the sample mean area covered
by a sample of 40 of these 1-gallon cans will be between 510 and 520 square ft.?
P(510 < x < 520) = P(-0.66 < z < 1.34) = F(1.34) - F(-0.66) = 0.9099 – 0.2546 = 0.6553
The following is the time taken (in minutes) for an ambulance in a certain city and the
patient's arrival at the hospital in 6 calls: 27, 15, 20, 32, 18, and 26. Use these figures
to judge the reasonableness of ambulance service's claim that it takes 20 minutes on
average between the call for an ambulance and the patient's arrival at the hospital.
Assume normality.
When a sample size is less
So the data fail to reject the claim.
An optical firm purchases glass to be ground into lenses, and it is known from past experience
that the variance of refractive index of this kind of glass is 1.26*10-4 . As it is important
that the various pieces of glass have nearly the same index of refraction, the firm rejects
such a shipment if the sample variance of 20 pieces selected at random exceeds 2.0*10 -4 .
Assuming that normal population, what is that a shipment will be rejected even σ 2 = 1.26*10
-4 ?
Thus the probability that a good shipment will
be rejected is less than 0.05.
A university publicizes that the proportion of its students who graduate in 4 years is
82%.
A water faucet manufacturer announces that the mean flow rate of a certain type of
faucet is 2.5 gallons per minute. Our water pressure is low.
A cereal company advertises that the mean weight of the contents of its 20-ounce size cereal
boxes is 20 ounces. We think the boxes contain less cereal.
The USDA limit for salmonella contamination for chicken is 20%. A meat inspector reports
that the chicken produced by a company exceeds the USDA limit. You perform a hypothesis
test to determine whether the meat inspector’s claim is true. When will a type I or type II
error occur? Which is more serious?
A type I error is rejecting H 0 when it is true. (RT1)
The actual proportion of contaminated chicken has not
exceeded 0.2, but you decide to reject H0 .
A type II error is failing to reject H 0 when it is
false. (FF2) The actual proportion of contaminated
chicken is greater than 0.2, but you do not reject H0
Three types of hypothesis tests
For each claim, state H 0 and Ha . Then determine whether the hypothesis test is a left-
tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test. Sketch a normal sampling distribution and shade the
area for the P-value , A university publicizes that the proportion of its students who
graduate in 4 years is 82%
For each claim, state H 0 and Ha . Then determine whether the hypothesis test is a left-
tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test. Sketch a normal sampling distribution and shade the
area for the P-value. A water faucet manufacturer announces that the mean flow rate of a
certain type of faucet is less than 2.5 gallons per minute.
For each claim, state H 0 and Ha . Then determine whether the hypothesis test is a left-
tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed test. Sketch a normal sampling distribution and shade the
area for the P-value. A cereal company advertises that the mean weight of the contents of
its 20-ounce size cereal boxes is more than 20 ounces.
Using Rejection Regions for a z-Test for a Mean µ
Employees in a large accounting firm claim that the mean salary of the firm’s accountants is
the same as that of its competitor’s, which is $45,000. A random sample of 30 of the firm’s
accountants has a mean salary of $43,500 with a standard deviation of $5200. At α = 0.05,
test the employees’ claim.
Since the p-value falls outside the rejection
region, we fail to reject the null hypothesis
and can say that there is not sufficient
evidence to support the employees’ claim
that the mean salary is less than $45,000.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture reports that the mean cost of raising a child from birth to
At the 5% level of significance, you have enough
evidence to conclude the mean cost of raising a child
from birth to age 2 in a rural area is significantly
different from $10,460.
Finding Critical Values in a t-Distribution
left-tailed, use “One Tail, ” column with a negative sign,
b. right-tailed, use “One Tail, ” column with a positive sign,
c. two-tailed, use “Two Tails, ” column with a negative and a
positive sign
Find the critical values t and -t for a left-tailed test given = 0.05 and n = 21
Find the critical values t and -t for a two-tailed test given = 0.05 and n = 26.
Using the t-Test for a Mean μ (Small Sample)
A used car dealer says that the mean price of a 2005 Honda Pilot LX is $23,900. You suspect
At the 0.05 level of significance, there is enough
evidence to reject the claim that the mean price
of a 2005 Honda Pilot LX is $23,900
