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Class9 Science Tissues HighlightedNotes

The document provides an overview of tissues, defining them as groups of similar cells performing specific functions, with a focus on their importance in multicellular organisms. It details plant tissues, including meristematic and permanent tissues, and animal tissues, which encompass epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues, highlighting their characteristics and functions. Additionally, it outlines the differences between plant and animal tissues and lists important diagrams for study.

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38 views2 pages

Class9 Science Tissues HighlightedNotes

The document provides an overview of tissues, defining them as groups of similar cells performing specific functions, with a focus on their importance in multicellular organisms. It details plant tissues, including meristematic and permanent tissues, and animal tissues, which encompass epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues, highlighting their characteristics and functions. Additionally, it outlines the differences between plant and animal tissues and lists important diagrams for study.

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tomatoesarered69
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■ Class 9 Science – Chapter 6: Tissues

(Highlighted Notes)

1. What is a Tissue?
Definition: A tissue is a group of similar cells organized to perform a particular function.
Importance: In unicellular organisms (like Amoeba, Paramecium), a single cell performs all
functions.
In multicellular organisms, there is division of labour.
Levels of organisation: Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism.

2. Plant Tissues

A. Meristematic Tissue
Characteristics: Cells are small, cubical, thin-walled, with dense cytoplasm and large nuclei. They
have no vacuoles.
Types:
• Apical Meristem → at root & shoot tips (increase length).
• Intercalary Meristem → at internodes/base of leaves (regrowth in grasses).
• Lateral Meristem (Cambium) → increases girth/thickness (secondary growth).

B. Permanent Tissue
i. Simple Permanent Tissue:
• Parenchyma → living, thin walls, storage, photosynthesis, buoyancy.
• Collenchyma → living, thick corners, flexibility + support.
• Sclerenchyma → dead, thick lignified walls, strength.

ii. Complex Permanent Tissue:


• Xylem → transports water & minerals (tracheids, vessels, fibres, parenchyma).
• Phloem → transports food (sieve tubes, companion cells, fibres, parenchyma).

3. Animal Tissues

A. Epithelial Tissue
• Squamous → diffusion (lungs, blood vessels).
• Cuboidal → secretion/absorption (kidney tubules).
• Columnar → absorption (intestine).
• Ciliated → movement (respiratory tract, oviducts).
• Glandular → secretion (salivary glands).

B. Connective Tissue
• Bone → rigid, framework & protection.
• Cartilage → flexible (nose, ear).
• Ligaments → bone to bone, strong & elastic.
• Tendons → muscle to bone, strong but less elastic.
• Areolar → packing tissue.
• Adipose → fat storage.
• Blood → transports gases, nutrients, wastes.

C. Muscular Tissue
• Striated → voluntary, striped, multinucleated.
• Unstriated → involuntary, spindle-shaped.
• Cardiac → involuntary, branched, striated, never fatigue.

D. Nervous Tissue
Made of neurons.
Structure: Cyton, Dendrites, Axon.
Function: Transmit impulses between brain and body.

4. Differences Between Plant and Animal Tissues


<b>Feature</b> <b><font color='green'>Plant Tissues</font></b>
<b><font color='blue'>Animal Tissues</font></b>
Growth Restricted to <font color='red'>meristems</font> Whole body cells (limited)
Dead cellsProvide support (<font color='grey'>sclerenchyma</font>) Mostly living cells
Types Meristematic & Permanent Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, Nervous
Transport Xylem & Phloem Blood & Lymph

5. Important Diagrams to Practice


• Types of Meristematic tissues
• Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma
• Xylem & Phloem
• Neuron
• Types of epithelium
• Striated, Smooth & Cardiac muscles

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