■ Internet of Things (IoT) – Syllabus Explanation with Expected
Questions
Unit I – The Internet of Things: Overview & Internet Principles
Explanation:
• Basics of IoT, technology, history, enchanted objects, who is making IoT.
• Design principles: calm/ambient technology, privacy, ownership of data, small connected
devices.
• Internet principles: IP, TCP, UDP, DNS, IPv6, MAC, HTTP, HTTPS, protocols.
Expected Questions:
• Define IoT. Explain its technology and applications.
• What are design principles of connected devices?
• Differentiate between IPv4 and IPv6.
• Explain TCP vs UDP in IoT.
• What are HTTPS and application layer protocols?
Unit II – Prototyping: Thinking & Embedded Devices
Explanation:
• Prototyping: sketching, familiarity, costs, open vs closed source, cloud, community.
• Embedded devices: sensors, actuators, microcontrollers, SoC, Arduino, Raspberry Pi.
Expected Questions:
• Explain prototyping in IoT. Why is it important?
• Compare open source vs closed source for prototyping.
• What are sensors and actuators in IoT?
• Explain the role of Arduino/Raspberry Pi in IoT projects.
• What are microcontrollers and SoC?
Unit III – Prototyping Physical Design & Online Components
Explanation:
• Physical design: sketching, iteration, 3D printing, CNC milling, recycling.
• Online components: APIs, mashups, Curl testing, MQTT, protocols, security.
Expected Questions:
• Explain the process of prototyping physical IoT design.
• What are different methods of prototyping like 3D printing and CNC milling?
• What is an API? How is it used in IoT?
• Explain MQTT protocol in IoT.
• What are the security issues in online components?
Unit IV – Writing Embedded Code & Business Models
Explanation:
• Embedded code: memory management, battery life, debugging, libraries.
• Business models: history, canvas, make-sell-subscribe, funding, venture capital, crowdfunding.
Expected Questions:
• What are techniques for writing efficient embedded code?
• Explain memory management in IoT devices.
• Describe different IoT business models.
• How can crowdfunding support IoT startups?
• Write short notes on venture capital and open source in IoT.
Unit V – Manufacturing & Ethics
Explanation:
• Manufacture: design kits, PCBs, software, mass production, certification, testing.
• Ethics: privacy, control, crowdsourcing, environment, cautious optimism, open IoT.
Expected Questions:
• Explain the process of moving IoT devices to manufacture.
• What are PCBs? How are they manufactured for IoT devices?
• Explain different certifications needed for IoT products.
• Discuss ethical concerns in IoT (privacy, control, environment).
• What is the role of crowdsourcing in IoT?