Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.
BLDC Debugging manual
SNR8503M
Ver: V1.1
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
catalog
1.Development environment setup ..........................................................................................3
1.1Install compiler KEIL MDK .............................................................................................. 3
1.2 Engineering burning settings ..................................................................................... 5
1.3 Engineering burning demonstration ........................................................................7
1.4 Engineering simulation demonstration ....................................................................7
2.Motor startup debugging ........................................................................................................ 8
2.1 Strong drag start parameters .....................................................................................8
2.2 Starting torque ................................................................................................................9
3. Adjust the overvoltage and undervoltage protection value .........................................9
3.1 Undervoltage protection parameters .................................................................... 10
3.2 Overvoltage protection parameters ....................................................................... 10
4.Current protection value ........................................................................................................ 11
4.1 Short circuit current protection ................................................................................ 11
4.2 First and second level current limiting protection ..............................................11
4.3 Current limiting operation .........................................................................................12
5.MOS over temperature protection .......................................................................................13
6.REVERSE Servo Reversing ...................................................................................................... 14
7.Speed open-loop/closed-loop debugging ......................................................................15
8.Phase compensation .............................................................................................................. 16
9.Hardware debugging ............................................................................................................. 17
9.1 Back electromotive force detection circuit ............................................................17
9.2 Voltage sampling .........................................................................................................17
9.3 Hardware overcurrent protection ............................................................................18
9.4 Current sampling .......................................................................................................... 18
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
1.Development environment setup
1.1Install compiler KEIL MDK
The user has installed KEIL MDK software, please skip this chapter.
If it has not been installed before, please follow the<mdk528. exe>installation
package provided by our company and follow the prompts to complete the
installation. The steps are shown in the following figure：
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
After completion, close all the pop-up pop ups, and KEIL MDK has been
installed.
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
1.2 Engineering burning settings
File<SNR8503x FLM>Copy to KEIL installation path, for example C: \ Keil_ In v5 \
ARM \ Flash, the following file：
Next, open the project and double-click the red box icon in the following image：
Click on the red box icon in the following image：
Select the red box tab in the following image：
Select the following tab：
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
Load the options shown in the following picture. If they already exist, there
is no need to add them again. Click OK to exit.
At this point, the project burning has been completed.
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
1.3 Engineering burning demonstration
Prepare our company's dedicated BLDC burning simulator, connect the burner
to the module, with a total of 5 wires. The red wire of the burner is connected to 5V,
the blue wire is connected to ICPCK, the yellow wire is connected to ICPDA, the
green wire is connected to ICPCS, and the black wire is connected to GND, as shown
in the following figure：
After connecting, click the button in the following picture to start burning. If
no error window pops up, it indicates that the burning is complete：
1.4 Engineering simulation demonstration
The BLDC burning simulator supports online simulation function. After
successfully burning according to the above operation, click the red button in the
figure below to enter the online simulation debugging page.
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
2.Motor startup debugging
The DC brushless motor without induction/Hall effect can affect the starting
effect due to different commutation angles, motor phase resistance/inductance,
and starting load sizes. If the motor fails to start, users should debug it according
to the following methods.
2.1 Strong drag start parameters
As shown in the red box parameter in the figure below, it is the forced phase
change time for motor startup. Based on motor debugging experience, for
high-speed motors and small motors with light loads, the parameter value should
be adjusted down a bit, such as in the range of 300~2000; For large or heavy-duty
motors, increase the parameter values slightly, such as in the range of 1000~5000;
If the startup is smooth and normal, it indicates that the parameter has been
debugged properly.
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
2.2 Starting torque
As shown in the red box parameter in the figure below, it is used to set the
starting torque of the motor. In fact, it is used to adjust the starting duty cycle. The
larger the duty cycle, the greater the starting torque, and the range is generally
between 0.05 and 0.3. Please note that<MOTOR_ STARTUP_ PWMDUTY>cannot be
less than<MIN_ PWM_ DUTY>。
In addition, assuming that the motor load is particularly heavy, it is necessary to
increase the starting and dragging time as follows, with a range of 100-500ms. This
parameter generally does not need to be adjusted separately, and can be set to
100ms by default.
Special attention: When the user has debugged the motor to operate and
turned the potentiometer at a lower speed, if there is a false alarm of stalling,
simply increase the starting torque until the situation no longer occurs.
At this point, the motor startup debugging has been completed.
3. Adjust the overvoltage and undervoltage
protection value
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
Due to the different rated voltages of different motors, the program defaults to
setting undervoltage protection at 6V and overvoltage protection at 78V. Users
need to modify the overvoltage and undervoltage protection parameters for their
own motors.
3.1 Undervoltage protection parameters
As shown in the red box below, the parameters are undervoltage protection
parameters, which include<first undervoltage value>,<second undervoltage value>,
and<undervoltage recovery value>。
The first undervoltage value: the voltage value that triggers the undervoltage
protection, which needs to be smaller than the second undervoltage value.
Users can adjust it according to their needs, and the default continuous
response time is 500ms.
The second undervoltage value: the voltage value that triggers the
undervoltage protection, which needs to be larger than the first undervoltage
value. Users can adjust it according to their needs, and the default continuous
response time is 50ms.
Undervoltage recovery value: The voltage value to restore normal operation,
which needs to be larger than the first and second undervoltage values,
generally smaller than the rated voltage. Users can debug according to their
needs, and the default continuous recovery time is 500ms.
3.2 Overvoltage protection parameters
The parameters highlighted in red in the following figure are overvoltage
protection parameters, including<overvoltage threshold>and<overvoltage recovery
threshold>.
Overvoltage threshold: The voltage value that triggers overvoltage protection.
Users can adjust it according to their needs, and the default continuous
response time is 10ms.
Overvoltage recovery threshold: The voltage value required to restore normal
operation, which needs to be larger than the overvoltage threshold value.
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
Users can adjust it according to their needs, and it is generally larger than the
rated voltage. The default continuous response time is 500ms.
4.Current protection value
Due to the different rated currents of different motors and the maximum
current that MOS transistors can withstand, users need to make adjustments
accordingly. The default short-circuit current protection value of the program is
50A, with a primary current limit of 20A and a secondary current limit of 21A.
4.1 Short circuit current protection
As shown in the red box parameter in the figure below, it is the protection value
for short-circuit current, which can generally refer to the selected MOS transistor
ID@TC =100 ℃, set slightly lower than this value to ensure timely protection during
high or short circuit currents.
4.2 First and second level current limiting protection
As shown in the red box parameter in the figure below, it is the protection value
for the first and second level current limiting. Generally, it is set according to the
maximum current of the motor to ensure timely protection when operating beyond
the load current, and to avoid motor damage.
First level overcurrent protection: The current value that triggers the protection
needs to be slightly smaller than the second level overcurrent protection setting.
Users can adjust it according to their needs, and the default continuous
response time is 1000ms.
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
Secondary overcurrent protection: The current value that triggers the protection
needs to be slightly higher than the setting of the primary overcurrent
protection. Users can adjust it according to their needs, and the default
continuous response time is 200ms.
4.3 Current limiting operation
As shown in the red box parameter in the figure below, it is the value for current
limited operation. The program defaults to a maximum limit of 18A current
operation. If it exceeds the limit, the current will remain constant at this current
value. Users can modify the settings according to their needs to ensure that the
maximum current value for motor operation does not exceed.
Please note that if the test is in a current limited state and runs unstable, it is
necessary to reset the PID parameters in the red box in the figure below. Users can
adjust them themselves and generally do not need to modify them.
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
5.MOS over temperature protection
To protect the MOS from stopping operation in case of high temperature and
returning to normal operation in case of low temperature, NTC components have
been added to the circuit to be placed near the MOS for real-time detection of the
temperature situation of the MOS.
It should be noted that when users replace NTC components themselves, they
should pay attention to modifying the corresponding program parameter
configuration, as shown in the following figure:
According to the above diagram, it is tested that when the MOS temperature
exceeds 95 ℃, it will be protected. When it is below 60 ℃, it will resume operation.
Users can directly use the same NTC model components as our company, and the
components should be placed as close to the MOS as possible without modifying
software parameters。
NTC component link： https://item.szlcsc.com/266512.html
Manufacturer：Sunlord
model：SDNT1608X103F3950FTF
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
6.REVERSE Servo Reversing
The program defaults to reading the first pin P0 of the chip_ 9 levels are used
to set the motor forward or reverse, with high levels indicating CW forward and low
levels indicating CCW reverse. Users can disable this function in the program and
set<EN_ IOSET_ CWCCW>set to 0, as shown in the figure below:
At this point, the parameter<CW can be modified through the program_ If CCW>is
CW or CCW, the software changes the motor direction as shown in the following
figure:
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
7.Speed open-loop/closed-loop debugging
The program defaults to speed open-loop, and the output PWM duty cycle is
proportional to the voltage value of VSP, thereby achieving proportional
adjustment of motor speed with parameters<EN_ MOTOR_ SPEED_ When
CLOSELOOP>0, it is in an open-loop state of speed, as shown in the following figure：
When the user needs to set the speed closed-loop/constant speed control, the
following steps are set:
Accurately input the pole number parameter of the motor<MOTOR_ POLES>,
unit pairs
Input the maximum target speed parameter of the motor<MOTOR_ SPEED_
MAX_ RPM>, unit RPM
Input motor minimum target speed parameter<MOTOR_ SPEED_ MIN_ RPM>,
unit RPM
Enable speed closed-loop control, set<EN_ MOTOR_ SPEED_ CLOSELOOP>is
1
As shown in the following diagram, the motor has 5 pairs of poles and a speed
range of 1000~5000RPM
The user needs to adjust the PID parameters for the stability of the motor's
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
operating speed, as shown in the following figure：
At this point, the speed closed-loop/constant speed control has been
completed.
8.Phase compensation
This function is not enabled by default. When the phase voltage waveform lags
behind or cannot reach the rated speed, the user can enable this function to
achieve phase compensation advance control and set the parameter<EN_ PHASE_
COMP>set to 1, as shown in the following figure
After enabling, adjust the parameter<PHASE_ COMP_ LEAD_ ANGLE>, with a
range of 0~2.5. The larger the value, the more obvious the phase leading effect.
However, it is important to note whether there will be any abnormalities during
motor startup when the set value is large.
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
9.Hardware debugging
When customers use our company's modules, the hardware circuit is standard
and does not need to be adjusted. When more precise circuit tuning is needed,
please refer to the following methods.
9.1 Back electromotive force detection circuit
The operation of a non inductive motor relies on the back electromotive force
detection circuit for position observation, which is very important. After the back
electromotive force is divided, it is recommended to enter the chip pin voltage
below 2.5V and above 0.5V, and the current below 5mA and above 1mA, with
appropriate margin reserved. Our standard module circuit is shown below,
considering compatibility with 80V voltage, with a voltage division ratio set to
(R38/(R38+R35)). Users can adjust the circuit parameters based on the rated voltage
of the motor. Assuming the rated voltage of the motor is 24V, R35, R36, and R37 can
be adjusted to 20K to increase the input voltage after voltage division, enhance the
signal-to-noise ratio, and improve observation accuracy.
9.2 Voltage sampling
The method of sampling resistance for bus voltage is shown in the following
figure. The voltage division ratio of bus voltage is (R17/(R17+R15)). The bus voltage
sampling channel corresponds to ADC_ CHANNEL_ 3. Please note that the voltage
after voltage division should not exceed 3.6V, as the reference voltage of the chip
ADC defaults to 3.6V.
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Snaner Technology Co., Ltd SNR8503M_hallless_BLDC_Debugging_manualV1.0
9.3 Hardware overcurrent protection
The hardware overcurrent protection adopts comparator and DAC processing, as
shown in the following figure, with OCP connected to CMP1_ IP0, configure CMP1 positive
terminal to CMP1 in the program_ IP0, negative terminal connected to internal DAC of the
chip.
Set 50A hardware overcurrent protection, software as shown in the following figure:
9.4 Current sampling
Due to the chip's support for differential sampling, the current sampling circuit
is very simple. The chip is equipped with four sets of operational amplifier feedback
resistors, namely 200K/10K, 190K/20K, 180K/30K, and 170K/40K. Our standard
module has a sampling resistance of 0.004 Ω, an external feedback resistance of 1K,
and an internal feedback resistance of 200K/10K. The designed phase line has a
maximum sampling current of 3.6V/0.004R/(200/(10.0+1.0))=44.5A.
In practical projects, it is important to pay attention to setting the maximum
sampling current value reasonably. Generally, the design is based on three times
the overload. For certain applications, the maximum sampling current value can be
appropriately reduced to improve the accuracy of current sampling.
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