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Mining

Mining involves extracting valuable minerals and materials from the earth, essential for various industries. It includes methods like surface, underground, placer, and mountaintop removal mining. While it generates jobs and supports economies, mining also poses environmental and health risks, prompting the need for sustainable practices.

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96 views3 pages

Mining

Mining involves extracting valuable minerals and materials from the earth, essential for various industries. It includes methods like surface, underground, placer, and mountaintop removal mining. While it generates jobs and supports economies, mining also poses environmental and health risks, prompting the need for sustainable practices.

Uploaded by

aljabeerabubakar2203
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MINING

Mining is the process of extracting valuable minerals, metals, or other geological materials from the earth.
These resources are usually found in rocks, soils, or beneath the earth’s surface and are used in construction,
energy production, manufacturing, and technology.

Types of Mining
1. Surface Mining – extracting minerals near the earth’s surface (e.g., open-pit mining, quarrying).
2. Underground Mining – digging tunnels or shafts to reach deeper mineral deposits.
3. Placer Mining – using water to separate valuable minerals from sediments (common for gold).

4. Mountaintop Removal – blasting the tops of mountains to expose coal seams.


Importance of Mining
Provides raw materials for industries (iron, copper, gold, coal, etc.).
Generates jobs and contributes to national economies.
Supplies materials for technology (lithium for batteries, silicon for electronics).

Negative Effects
Environmental destruction (deforestation, soil erosion, water pollution).
Health risks for miners (lung disease, accidents).
Displacement of communities and loss of biodiversity.
Sustainable Mining Practices
Rehabilitation of mined areas (tree planting, soil restoration).
Using eco-friendly technologies.
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