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Fundamentals of Object

Object-Oriented Analysis (OOA) focuses on understanding system requirements by identifying objects, their attributes, behaviors, and relationships without implementation details. Object-Oriented Design (OOD) transforms the conceptual model from OOA into a detailed design for implementation, emphasizing architectural patterns, design principles, and implementation constraints. Together, OOA and OOD ensure a well-structured, efficient, and maintainable system.

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15 views1 page

Fundamentals of Object

Object-Oriented Analysis (OOA) focuses on understanding system requirements by identifying objects, their attributes, behaviors, and relationships without implementation details. Object-Oriented Design (OOD) transforms the conceptual model from OOA into a detailed design for implementation, emphasizing architectural patterns, design principles, and implementation constraints. Together, OOA and OOD ensure a well-structured, efficient, and maintainable system.

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joewalct
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Fundamentals of Object-Oriented Analysis and Design

OOAD is broadly divided into two main phases: Object-Oriented Analysis (OOA) and
Object-Oriented Design (OOD).

Object-Oriented Analysis (OOA)


OOA focuses on understanding and analyzing the system requirements from an object-
oriented perspective. The primary goal is to identify the objects within the problem
domain, their attributes, behaviors, and relationships, without delving into
implementation details. It’s about what the system needs to do, not how it will do it. Key
activities in OOA include:
• Identifying Objects and Classes: Recognizing real-world entities or concepts
relevant to the system and grouping them into classes.
• Defining Attributes: Determining the properties or characteristics of each object.
• Defining Behaviors (Operations/Methods): Specifying the actions that objects
can perform or that can be performed on them.
• Establishing Relationships: Identifying how objects interact with each other,
including associations, aggregations, and compositions.
For example, in an online shopping system, OOA would involve identifying objects like
Customer, Product, Order, and Payment. It would then define their attributes (e.g.,
Product has name, price, description) and behaviors (e.g., Customer can placeOrder,
Product can getPrice). [1]

Object-Oriented Design (OOD)


OOD takes the conceptual model developed during OOA and transforms it into a
detailed design that can be implemented in an object-oriented programming language.
This phase focuses on how the system will be built, considering architectural patterns,
design principles, and implementation constraints. Key activities in OOD include:
• Refining Classes and Objects: Adding more detail to classes, including visibility
(public, private, protected) for attributes and methods.
• Designing Relationships: Specifying the types of relationships (e.g., inheritance,
association) and their multiplicities.
• Defining Interfaces: Specifying how objects will interact with each other.
• Applying Design Patterns: Using proven solutions to common design problems to
create flexible and reusable designs.
• Considering Implementation Details: Making decisions about data structures,
algorithms, and system architecture.
OOD bridges the gap between the problem domain (analysis) and the solution domain
(implementation), ensuring that the system is well-structured, efficient, and
maintainable. [1]

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