E-ISSN 2581 – 7957 CVR Journal of Science and Technology, Volume 23, December 2022

P-ISSN 2277 – 3916 DOI: 10.32377/cvrjstxxxx

Ubiquitous Tracking System: A mobile and

versatile GPS-GSM solution for real-time vehicle
and asset monitoring.
[Link] 1 Sura Rupendra 2 Pilli Sashank 3 Satvika Yannam 4
1
Sr. Assoc. Professor, Department of ECE., CVR College of Engineering, Hyderabad, India
Email: [Link]@[Link]
2
UG Scholar, Department of ECE., CVR College of Engineering, Hyderabad, India
Email: sura.rupendra2002@[Link]
3
UG Scholar, Department of ECE., CVR College of Engineering, Hyderabad, India
Email: [Link]@[Link]
4
UG Scholar, Department of ECE., CVR College of Engineering, Hyderabad, India
Email: satvikareddy2001@[Link]

Abstract: The Universal Tracking System is a cutting-edge V. Conclusion.

technology that utilizes GPS and GSM modules to provide real-
time tracking of assets, people, and vehicles. The system is II. LITERATURE SURVEY
versatile, offering a range of features and applications that cater
to various needs, such as location tracking, asset management, Laipac S-911™ Personal Locator: The Laipac S-911™
and fleet monitoring. The system helps in reducing the chances Personal Locator is a compact device that can track personal
of things getting lost, stolen, or misplaced by providing accurate safety and assets. It works on a global GSM/GPRS network
and up-to-date location data. It is an affordable, easy-to-use, and and can function as an emergency phone with speed dialing
reliable solution that can be accessed from anywhere, making it
for two-way communication. In an emergency, the device can
a valuable tool for personal and commercial use. With its wide
range of benefits, the Universal Tracking System is an silently call 911 or any other emergency number and reports
indispensable for anyone who needs to keep track of their its location and time stamp using a simulated voice. The
assets or loved ones. device can also send SMS messages to a control center and be
monitored in real time over the internet. The small device is
70 x 40 x 20 mm and has a rechargeable lithium-ion battery.
I. INTRODUCTION An additional map database software is required to track the
device in real time over the internet.
The GPS technology has become indispensable in our daily
lives, so much so that we often use it involuntarily. We like to Star Finder I: The Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL)
keep our essential items within our reach most of the time; system is designed to be compatible with various
when they are not mobile, we store them in a safe to keep them communication methods, including cell phone modems,
safe. However, what would be the scenario for those items that digital radios, and satellite modems (ORBCOMM), using
demand continuous monitoring? How can we know the status CDMA/1X, GSM/SMS, and GPRS. The size of the AVL unit
of an item when it is on the move? The proposed tracking is compact, measuring 15 x 15 x 3.5 cm. The Star Finder AVL
system is designed to perform live software is available to control the AVL system, which can
tracking of the objects to which it is coupled. It enables us to track an unlimited number of vehicles in real-time. This
have continuous monitoring of the item. [1] software requires a map database like Microsoft MapPoint to
In the late 1950s, the military developed the precursor to the function correctly.
current GPS. The Navy was responsible for the first two
attempts, and the first satellite-based navigation system was Real Time Bus Track and Location Update System: The
called Transit. It was launched in 1959 and used radio signals public transportation system is crucial to the development of
and seven low-orbiting polar satellites to determine the the economy and is an integral part of people's lives. However,
locations of the ships. Transit measured distances using the this tracking of the systems, monitoring, scheduling, and
Doppler Effect of radio waves, but it had limited accuracy, surveillance services are currently operating manually, which
was only available in certain areas, and required constant means the information is not easily accessible to the public.
monitoring. In 1964, the Timation system was introduced as To address this issue, the "Real Time Bus Track and Location
the second attempt. It used two space satellites equipped with Update System" project aims at automation of these services
atomic clocks for more precise two-dimensional positioning. by providing real-time tracking of buses. Each bus will have
an RFID tag, and RFID readers will be placed at each bus stop.
The organization of rest of the article is as following: The central regulator of the system is Arduino. The GSM
II. Literature Survey module will send location updates to authorized personnel for
III. System Model continuous monitoring, while GPS is used to track the buses.
IV. Results and Discussion
CVR College of Engineering
Received on 02-11-2022, Revised on 18-11-2022, Accepted on 30-11-2022.
E-ISSN 2581 – 7957 CVR Journal of Science and Technology, Volume 23, December 2022
P-ISSN 2277 – 3916 DOI: 10.32377/cvrjstxxxx

IoT will provide users with information on bus trackers. Data • 2Kb SRAM (Static Random Access Memory).
from RFID readers will be processed using Arduino and sent • 1Kb EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Read Only
to the cloud, which will act as an interface between the user Memory).
and the system.
3. SIM 900A GSM Module:
Location Tracking in GPS using Kalman Filter through • Dual-Band 900/1800 Mhz.
SMS: The paper "Location Tracking in GPS using Kalman • GPRS multi-slot class 10/8GPRS station class B
Filter through SMS," presented at IEEE EUROCON in 2009, • Compliant to GSM phase2/2+
explains a system in which 1' pixel depict areas suitable for
• Dimensions: 24*24*3
bus travel, while 0' pixels depict other areas. Since there is
• Weight: 3.4g
always some margin of error and noise when measuring the
location of the bus, the observations are revised utilizing a • Supply voltage range: 5v
weighted average. This approach places greater weight on the
estimations with higher accuracy. A. GPS module
A radio navigation system determining accurate latitude and
III. SYSTEM MODEL longitude coordinates irrespective of the weather conditions.
It works on land, air, and sea. The GPS modules are devices
Flowchart: that allow your devices or circuits to receive the data of the
GPS. It is a subcategory of satellite communication. The GPS
provides different wireless services like navigation,
positioning, location, and speed with the help of the dedicated
GPS receivers and satellites. [1]

Figure1: Flow chart of universal tracking system

Figure 1 shows the flow of process of the tracking system B. Dual SIM band module:
happening before, after receiving the SMS to the module Global system for mobile communication (GSM) is a
standard describing the protocols for the second generation
Component specifications: (2G) digital cellular network. It is developed by European
1. GY-NEO6MV2 GPS Modem: Telecommunications standards institute. This module is
responsible to communicate the location of the system that
• Power Supply Range: 3 V to 5 V must be tracked via SMS. [2]
• Model: GY-GPS6MV2
• Ceramic antenna The GSM module uses standard AT (At Tension) commands
• Antenna Size: 25 x 25 mm to communicate with the host device and provides features
• Module Size: 25 x 35 mm such as voice and data communication, SMS (Short Message
• Mounting Hole Diameter: 3 mm Service), GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), and GPS
• Default Baud Rate: 9600 bps (Global Positioning System) functionality. It typically
requires a SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) card to operate
and can be powered by a battery or external power source.
2. Arduino board based on ATmega328P:
• A 16MHz crystal.
• A 10K resistor.
• Two 22pf capacitors
• A 10uf capacitor.
• Runs at clock speeds from 1MHz to 20MHz.
• 32Kb Flash Memory.

CVR College of Engineering

E-ISSN 2581 – 7957 CVR Journal of Science and Technology, Volume 23, December 2022
P-ISSN 2277 – 3916 DOI: 10.32377/cvrjstxxxx

GPS Module: The information related to the location

(latitude and longitudinal coordinates) of the subject that must
be tracked is gathered with the help of the satellite. [1]

GSM SIM900A Module

C. Arduino module:
Arduino is an open-source electronics platform that
provides an easy and affordable way for people to create
interactive projects. It consists of both hardware and software
components, including microcontroller board and a Figure 2: Tracked coordinates by GPS module.
programming environment that allows users to write code and
upload it to the board. [3] The GPS tracker here is responsible for updating the
information related to location, date, and time for about 6
times a second. The output of the GPS functioning is shown
as in figure 2.

GSM module: The location of the subject that must be

tracked is sent via SMS with the help of GSM module. This
module waits for a coded trigger message and sends the
programmed SMS. [2]

Some AT commands used for sending and receiving SMS

using GSM SIM900A module are:
Arduino board based on ATmega328P • To set module in SMS text mode: AT+CMGF = 1
• To send a SMS: AT + CMGS = “<recipient phone
The Arduino board is equipped with input and output pins number>”
that can be used to connect to various sensors, actuators, and These commands are merely illustrative, and their precise
other electronic components. Users can write code to read syntax may differ based on the firmware version of your
input data from sensors, process that data algorithms and SIM900A module.
output control signal to actuators to perform various tasks.

One of the main advantages of Arduino is its accessibility.

It is designed to be user friendly, even for those with little or
no electronics experience. The programming language used in
Arduino is based on C++, but it has a simplified syntax and a
set of libraries that make it easier to use for the beginners.
Arduino has a wide range of applications, from building robots
and drones. It is also widely used in education as it provides a
hands-on way for students to learn about electronics,
programming, and engineering. It is overall a versatile and
accessible platform that empowers individuals and
communities to bring their ideas to life through electronics and Figure 3: SMS response of GSM module.
programming.
Figure 3 shows the response SMS received from the GSM
module when a trigger text is sent.
D. System assembly:
Arduino module: Arduino coordinates the action of the GPS
and GSM modules. The system which runs on battery is
CVR College of Engineering
E-ISSN 2581 – 7957 CVR Journal of Science and Technology, Volume 23, December 2022
P-ISSN 2277 – 3916 DOI: 10.32377/cvrjstxxxx

deployed along with the subject that must be tracked. The IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
GSM module waits for a coded triggered SMS from the user.
The SMS when received is then validated by the Arduino
module and then Arduino module access the latitude and
longitudinal coordinates which is tracked by the GPS module.

The Arduino module validates the trigger SMS and append

the latitude and longitudinal coordinates to the link,
[Link] . The link generated after
appending the latitude and longitudinal coordinates enables
the user to access the location of the system using google maps
app or through chrome.

Figure 5: Components integration.

Figure 5 shows the system integration after assembly of

components. The GSM and GPS modules will draw power
from Arduino and are coordinated in the Arduino module.
Figure 4: Terminal result when GPS and GSM are programmed. The Arduino module draws power from the secondary
battery source. The code is dumped into the microcontroller
An Arduino UNO is used with the GPRS+GPS(SIM900A) from the Arduino software available in open source.
shield to send GPS coordinates to a mobile with an SMS and
through HTTP when the module is called, and your number is
correct.

When the person sends a message to the module and if the

phone number is correct, the GPS obtains longitude and
latitude, sends you an SMS with the position and sends the
GPS data to the mobile in the form of a URL.

Load the next sketch into your Arduino and then assemble
the GPRS+GPS shield with the antennas and the sim card
installed. Remember, you must configure your APN, login,
and password. If you don't do this, the GPRS+GPS cannot
connect to the GPRS network. Also, you must set the URL
with the IP address of the specific mobile. When the GPS fixes
the GPS satellites, the GPRS+GPS shield will connect to the
network, and it will send the GPS data through the Internet to
the mobile in the form of a URL. After the arrival of URL.,
Search that URL in google then the details such as latitudes,
longitudes, and position of the baggage by using this tracker.
Figure 6: Terminal output.

Figure 6 shows the COMM port data which is been received

when trigger message is received and acknowledge the
location sent via SMS.

CVR College of Engineering

E-ISSN 2581 – 7957 CVR Journal of Science and Technology, Volume 23, December 2022
P-ISSN 2277 – 3916 DOI: 10.32377/cvrjstxxxx

V. CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the GPS and GSM-based tracking system has

multiple benefits. It offers superior security compared to other
systems and can be accessed from remote areas. The system
helps prevent vehicle theft, and its installation is
straightforward. Additionally, it is more dependable and cost-
effective than other alternatives.

The utilization of GPS and GSM technologies enable the

system to track vehicles in real-time and provides the latest
details regarding ongoing trips. This technology can be
utilized for real-time traffic surveillance and serves as a
valuable resource for obtaining real-time information,
monitoring congestion, and evaluating the performance of the
systems.
Figure 7: Final output SMS request and response.

Figure 7 shows the final output where the SMS, “STATE”

VI. REFERENCES
which is said to be the coded text is sent to the module which
contains SIM in GSM module. It reads the text and validates
[1] S H Bujang, H Suhaimi, Pg Emeroylariffion Abas
with pre-defined code and verifies the phone number and code
“Performance of Global Positioning System (GPS)
and then access the location using GPS module and then
module “
append the coordinates to the link and send the appended text
December 2020IOP Conference Series Materials
via SMS using GSM module.
Science and Engineering 991:012137
[2] Nur Aira Abdul Rahman, Noor Hisyam Ibrahim,
Lojius Lombigit, Azraf Azman “GSM module for
wireless radiation monitoring system via SMS”
January 2018IOP Conference Series Materials
Science and Engineering 298(1):012040
[3] Leo Louis “Working Principle of Arduino and
Using it as a Tool for Study and Research.”
July 2018
[4] Zia Ur Rahman “GSM Technology: Architecture,
Security and Future Challenges”
February 2017

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