Class XII Session 2025-26

Subject - Mathematics
Sample Question Paper - 1

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

1. This Question paper contains 38 questions. All questions are compulsory.

2. This Question paper is divided into five Sections - A, B, C, D and E.

3. In Section A, Questions no. 1 to 18 are multiple choice questions (MCQs) and Questions no. 19 and 20 are

Assertion-Reason based questions of 1 mark each.

4. In Section B, Questions no. 21 to 25 are Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions, carrying 2 marks each.

5. In Section C, Questions no. 26 to 31 are Short Answer (SA)-type questions, carrying 3 marks each.

6. In Section D, Questions no. 32 to 35 are Long Answer (LA)-type questions, carrying 5 marks each.
7. In Section E, Questions no. 36 to 38 are Case study-based questions, carrying 4 marks each.

8. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in 2 questions in Section B, 3 questions

in Section C, 2 questions in Section D and one subpart each in 2 questions of Section E.

9. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. The number of all possible matrices of order 3 × 3 with each entry 0 or 1 is [1]

a) 18 b) 27

c) 512 d) 81
2. For non-singular square matrices A and B of the same order, we have adj (AB) = ? [1]

a) (adj B) (adj A) b) |AB|

c) (adj B).|A| d) (adj A).|B|

∣a h g ∣ [1]
∣ ∣
3. If Δ = h b f , then the cofactor A21 is
∣ ∣
∣g f c ∣

a) hc - fg b) -(hc + fg)

c) fg - hc d) fg + hc
2
x + 3, x ≠ 0 [1]
4. Which of the following statements is true for the function f(x) = { ?
1, x = 0

a) f(x) is continuous and differentiable ∀x ∈ R b) f(x) is continuous and differentiable ∀x ∈ R

- {0}

c) f(x) is discontinuous at infinitely many d) f(x) is continuous ∀x ∈ R

Page 1 of 21
 points
y y−2
5. The angle between the lines
x
= =
z
and
x−5
= =
z−3
is [1]
2 2 1 4 1 8

a) cos −1
(
3
) b) cos
−1
(
2
)
4 3

c) π

3
d) cos
−1
(
5
)
6

2
2
d y dy
3
dy [1]
6. The order and degree (if defined) of the differential equation, ( ) + ( ) = x sin ( respectively are:
)
dx
2
dx dx

a) 2, degree not defined b) 2, 2

c) 2, 3 d) 1, 3
7. Maximize Z = 50x + 60y , subject to constraints x +2 y ≤ 50 , x +y ≥ 30, x, y ≥ 0. [1]

a) 2500 b) 1600

c) 1547 d) 1525

8. The 2 vectors ^j + k
^
and 3^i − ^j + 4k
^
represents the two sides AB and AC, respectively of a △ABC. The [1]
length of the median through A is

a) b)
√48 √34

2 2

−− −−
c) √18 d) √22

9. ∫
2
π cos xdx = ? [1]
−
2

a) 2 b) -1

c) 1 d) 0
10. If A and B are matrices of same order, then (AB′ – BA′) is a [1]

a) skew-symmetric matrix b) unit matrix

c) symmetric matrix d) null matrix

11. The linear programming problem minimize Z = 3x + 2y subject to constraints x + y ≥ 8, 3x + 5y ≤ 15, x ≥ 0 [1]
and y ≥ 0, has

a) one solution b) infinitely many solutions

c) no feasible solution d) two solutions

12. If a⃗ = ^ ^ ^
(2 i + 4j − k) and b ⃗ = ^ ^ ^
(3 i − 2j + λ k) be such that a⃗ ⊥ b
⃗
then λ =? [1]

a) 3 b) -3

c) -2 d) 2

⎡
1 k 3
⎤ [1]
13. If A = ⎢3 k −2 ⎥ is singular then k =?
⎣ ⎦
2 3 −4

a) 16

3
b) 33

c) 34

5
d) 33

14. If P(A ∣ B) = P (A
′
∣ B) , then which of the following statements is true? [1]

a) P(A) = 2 P(B) b) P (A ∩ B) = 2P (B)

Page 2 of 21
 c) P (A ∩ B) d)
1 ′
= P (B) P(A) = P (A )
2

15. A homogeneous equation of the form

dy
= h(
x

y
) can be solved by making the substitution [1]
dx

a) y = νx b) ν = yx

c) x = ν d) x = νy

→
16.
→
If | a | = 3, | b | = 4 and |a⃗ × b|⃗ = 6, then the value of a⃗ ⋅ b ⃗ is [1]

– –
a) 6√3 b) 3√3

c) 6 d) 12
If √− −
−
[1]
dy
17. x + √y = √a then dx
= ?
−√y
a) −√x
b) 1

√y 2 √x

√y −√y
c) 1
d)
2 √x √x

18. The direction ratios of two lines are a, b, c and (b - c), (c - a), (a - b) respectively. The angle between these lines [1]
is

a) π

3
b) π

c) 3π

4
d) π

19. Assertion (A): f(x) = tan x - x always increases. [1]

dy
Reason (R): Any function y = f(x) is increasing if dx
> 0.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

20. Assertion (A): The Relation R given by R = {(1, 3), (4, 2), (2, 4), (2, 3), (3, 1) on set A = {1, 2, 3, 2} is [1]
symmetric.
Reason (R): For symmetric Relation R = R-1

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section B
21. Find the value of sin[2cot −1
(
−5
)] [2]
12

OR
Find the principal value of cos −1
(
1

2
) .
22. Find the maximum and minimum values of f(x) in 0 ≤ [2]
1 π
= (sin x + cos x) x ≤
2 2

23. Find the intervals of function f(x) = 6 + 12x + 3x2 - 2x3 is [2]

a. increasing
b. decreasing.
OR
If y = 7x - x3 and x increases at the rate of 4 units per second, how fast is the slope of the curve changing when x = 2?
4

24. Evaluate: ∫ [2]

a x
dx
0
√a2 −x2

Page 3 of 21
25. Find the local maxima and local minima, of function. Find also the local maximum and the local minimum [2]

value, as the case may be: f(x) = (x - 1) (x + 2)2

Section C
2 4

26. ∫
x ( x +4)
dx
[3]
2
x +4

27. A bag contains 7 red, 5 white and 8 black balls. If four balls are drawn one by one with replacement, what is the [3]
probability that all are white?
28. Find ∫ [3]
cos θ
dθ.
2 2
(4+sin θ)(5−4 cos θ)

OR
π/6
Evaluate: ∫ 0
2
(2 + 3x ) cos 3xdx

29. Solve the differential equation: (y2 - 2xy) dx = (x2 - 2xy) dy [3]

OR

Solve the initial value problem: xey/x - y sin (

y dy y

x
) +x dx
sin ( x
) = 0, y(1) = 0
30. Solve the Linear Programming Problem graphically: [3]
Maximize Z = 50x + 30y Subject to
2x + y ≤ 18
3x + 2y ≤ 34
x, y ≥ 0
OR
Solve the following LPP graphically:
Minimize Z = 3x + 5y
Subject to
- 2x + y ≤ 4
x+y≥3
x-2y≤2
x, y ≥ 0
2

31. If x = a(cos t + log tan

t
) , y = a sin t, then evaluate
d y
at t =
π
. [3]
2
2 dx 3

Section D

32. Find the area of the region enclosed by the parabola y2 = x and the line x + y = 2. [5]
33. Show that the relation R in the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} given by R = {(a, b) : |a - b| is even}, is an equivalence [5]
relation. Show that all the elements of {1, 3, 5} are related to each other and all the elements of {2, 4} are related
to each other. But no element of {1, 3, 5} is related to any element of {2, 4}.
OR
Let A = R – {3} and B = R – {1}. Consider the function f: A ⇒B defined byf(x) . Is f one-one and onto?
x−2
= ( )
x−3

Justify your answer.

⎡
2 2 −4
⎤ ⎡
1 −1 0
⎤ [5]
34. Given A = ⎢ −4 2 −4 ⎥ , B = ⎢ 2 3 4⎥ , find BA and use this to solve the system of equations y
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
2 −1 5 0 1 2

+ 2z = 7, x - y = 3, 2x + 3y + 4z = 17.
→
35. Find the shortest distance ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
r = ( i + 2j + 3k) + λ ( i − 3j + 2k) and [5]
→
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
r = (4 i + 5j + 6k) + μ (2 i + 3j + k) .
OR

Page 4 of 21
 Find the image of the point with position vector 3^i + ^j + 2k
^
in the plan r ⃗ ⋅ (2^i − ^j + k
^
) = 4 Also, find the
position vectors of the foot of the perpendicular and the equation of the perpendicular line through 3^i + ^j + 2k
^
.
Section E
36. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
There are two antiaircraft guns, named as A and B. The probabilities that the shell fired from them hits an
airplane are 0.3 and 0.2 respectively. Both of them fired one shell at an airplane at the same time.

i. What is the probability that the shell fired from exactly one of them hit the plane? (1)
ii. If it is known that the shell fired from exactly one of them hit the plane, then what is the probability that it
was fired from B? (1)
iii. What is the probability that the shell was fired from A? (2)
OR
How many hypotheses are possible before the trial, with the guns operating independently? Write the
conditions of these hypotheses. (2)
37. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Three friends Ganesh, Dinesh and Ramesh went for playing a Tug of war game. Team A, B, and C belong to
Ganesh, Dinesh and Ramesh respectively.
Teams A, B, C have attached a rope to a metal ring and is trying to pull the ring into their own area (team areas
shown below).
Team A pulls with F1 = 4^i + 0^j KN
Team B → F2 = -2^i + 4^j KN

Team C → F3 = -3^i - 3^j KN

i. Which team will win the game? (1)

ii. What is the magnitude of the teams combine Force? (1)
iii. What is the magnitude of the force of Team B? (2)
OR
How many KN Force is applied by Team A? (2)
38. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
In order to set up a rain water harvesting system, a tank to collect rain water is to be dug. The tank should have a

Page 5 of 21
square base and a capacity of 250 m3. The cost of land is ₹ 5,000 per square metre and cost of digging increases

with depth and for the whole tank, it is ₹ 40,000 h2, where h is the depth of the tank in metres. x is the side of the
square base of the tank in metres.
ELEMENTS OF A TYPICAL RAIN WATER HARVESTING SYSTEM

i. Find the total cost C of digging the tank in terms of x. (1)

dC
ii. Find . (1)
dx
iii. Find the value of x for which cost C is minimum. (2)
OR
Check whether the cost function C(x) expressed in terms of x is increasing or not, where x > 0. (2)

Page 6 of 21
 Solution
Section A
1.
(c) 512
Explanation:
As order of 3 × 3 matrix contains 9 elements. Each element can be selected in 2 ways (it can be either 0 or 1 ).
Hence, all the nine netries can be chosen in 29 = 512 ways (by the multiplication principle)

2. (a) (adj B) (adj A)

Explanation:
We Know that (AB)-1 =
adj(AB)

|AB|

adj (AB) = (AB)-1.|AB|

We also know that (AB)-1 = B-1 A-1
|AB| = |A|.|B|
Putting them in (i)
adj (AB) = B-1A-1.|A|.|B|
adj (AB) = (B-1,|B|)(A-1, |A|)
adj (AB) = (adjB).(adjA)
3. (a) hc - fg
Explanation:
∣h g∣
2+1
A21 = (−1) M21 = − M21 = −∣ ∣
∣f c ∣

= -(hc - fg) = fg - hc
4.
(b) f(x) is continuous and differentiable ∀x ∈ R - {0}
Explanation:
f(x) is continuous and differentiable ∀x ∈ R - {0}

5.
(b) cos −1
(
2

3
)

Explanation:
Direction ratios of the lines are given 2 ^ı + 2^ȷ + k
^
and 4 ^ı + ^ȷ + 8k
^

^ ^ ^
a⃗ = 2 i + 2 j + k
−−−−−−−− −
2 2
|a⃗| = √2 + 2 + 1

|a⃗| = 3
→
^ ^ ^
b = 4 i + j + 8k
→ −−−−−−−−−
2 2
| b | = √4 + 1 + 8

=9
⃗
a⃗⋅ b
cos α =
⃗
| a⃗|×| b|

^ ^ ^ ^
(2 ^
ı +2^
ȷ + k)⋅(4 i + j +8k)
cos α =
3×9
8+8+2
cos α =
27
2
cos α =
3

Page 7 of 21
 6. (a) 2, degree not defined
Explanation:
2, degree not defined
7. (a) 2500
Explanation:
Here , Maximize Z = 50x+60y , subject to constraints x +2 y ≤ 50 , x + y ≥ 30, x, y ≥ 0.
Corner points Z = 50x +60 y

P( 50 ,0 ) 2500

Q(0 , 30) 1800

R( 10, 20 ) 1700
Hence, the maximum value is 2500
8.
√34
(b) 2

Explanation:
In △ABC ,

Using the triangle law of vector addition, we have

−
−→ −
−→ −
−→
BC = AC − AB

^ ^ ^ ^ ^
= (3 i − j + 4k) − ( j + k)
−
−→ −
−→
∴ BD =
1

2
BC =
3

2
^ ^
i − j +
3

2
^
k (since AD is the median)
In △ABD, using the triangle law of vector addition, we have
−
−→ −
−→ −
−→
AD = AB + BD

^ ^ 3 ^ ^ 3 ^
= ( j + k) + ( i − j + k)
2 2

3 ^ ^ 5 ^
= i + 0j + k
2 2
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2
3 2 5 1 −−
∴ AD = √( ) + 0 + ( ) = √34
2 2 2

−−
Hence, the length of the median through A is 1

2
√34 units.

9. (a) 2
Explanation:
cos x is an even function so,
a a
∫ f (x)dx = 2 ∫ f (x)dx
−a 0
π π

2 2
∴ ∫ π cos xdx = 2 ∫ cos xdx
0
−
2

= 2 (1 - 0)
=2
10. (a) skew-symmetric matrix
Explanation:
We have matrices A and B of same order.
Let P = (AB' − BA')
Then, P′ = (AB′ − BA′)'

Page 8 of 21
 = (AB′)′ − (BA′)′
= (B′)′ (A)′ − (A′)′B′ = BA′ − AB′ = −(AB′ − BA′) = −P
Therefore, the given matrix (AB - BA') is a skew-symmetric matrix.
11.
(c) no feasible solution
Explanation:
Table for equation x + y = 8 is
x 0 8

y=8-x 8 0
Table for equation 3x + 5y = 15 is
x 0 5
15−3x
y= 5
3 0

It can be concluded from the graph, that there is no point, which can satisfy all the constraints simultaneously. Therefore, the
problem has no feasible solution.

12.
(c) -2
Explanation:
Given a⃗ = 2^i + 4^j − k
^
and b = 3 i − 2 j + λk such that a⃗⊥ b
⃗ ^ ^ ^ ⃗

∴ 6 - 8 - λ = 0 = -2 - λ = 0
⇒ λ = −2

13.
(b) 33

Explanation:
When a given matrix is singular then the given matrix determinant is 0.
|A| = 0
Given,
1 k 3
⎛ ⎞
A= ⎜3 k −2 ⎟
⎝ ⎠
2 3 −4

|A| = 0
1(-4k + 6) -k(-12 + 4) + 3(9 - 2k) = 0
-4k + 6 + 12k - 4k + 27 - 6k = 0
-2k + 33 = 0
k=
33
. 2

Page 9 of 21
 Which is the required solution.

14.
1
(c) P (A ∩ B) = 2
P (B)

Explanation:
1
P (A ∩ B) = P (B)
2

15.
(d) x = νy
Explanation:
dy
A homogeneous equation of the form dx
= h(
x

y
) can be solved by making the substitution x= vy.so that it becomes variable
separable form and integration is then possible

–
16. (a) 6√3
Explanation:
⃗
|a⃗| = 3|b| = 4 and |a⃗ × b|⃗ = 6
⃗ ⃗
|a⃗ × b| = |a⃗||b| sin θ.

6 = 3 × 4 sin θ.

bx2 ⧸
= sin θ.
3×42

1
sin θ =
2
π
θ=
6

¯ ⃗
a⃗ ⋅ b = |a⃗| ⋅ |b| cos θ
π
= 3 × 4 × cos
6

√3
= 3 × 4 ×
2
–
= 6√3.

17.
− √y

(d)
√x

Explanation:
− −
−
Given that √x + √y = √a
Differentiating with respect to x, we obtain
1 1 dy
+ = 0
2√x 2√y dx

−
−
dy y
Or dx
= −√
x

18.
(d) π

Explanation:
Let's consider the first parallel vector to be a⃗ = a^i + b^j + ck
^
and second parallel vector be
→
^ ^ ^
b = (b − c) i + (c − a) j + (a − b)k
⃗
a⃗⋅ b
For the angle, we can use the formula cos α =
⃗
| a⃗|×| b|

For that, we need to find the magnitude of these vectors

− −−−−−−−−−−
2 2 2
|a⃗| = √a + b + (c)
−− −−− −−−− −
2 2 2
= √a + b + c
→ − −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
2 2 2
| b | = √(b − c) + (c − a) + (a − b )
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
2 2 2
= √2 (a + b + c − ab − bc − ca)
^ ^
(a ^
ı +b^
ȷ +ck)⋅((b−c) ^
ı +(c−a) ^
ȷ +(a−b) k)
⇒ cos α =
2 2 2 2 2 2
√2( a + b + c −ab−bc−ca)× √a + b + c

Page 10 of 21
 ab−ac+bc−ba+ca−cb
⇒ cos α =
2 2 2 2 2 2
√2( a + b + c −ab−bc−ca)× √a + b + c

0
⇒ cos α =
2 2 2 2 2 2
√2( a + b + c −ab−bc−ca)× √a + b + c

−1
⇒ α = cos (0)
π
∴ α =
2

19. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
20.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
R = {(1, 3), (4, 2) (2, 7) (2, 3) (3, 1)}
As (2, 3) ∈ R but (3, 2) ∉ R
So, set 'A' is not symmetric.

Section B
−5
21. Let cot −1
(
12
) = y

−5
Then cot y = 12

Now,
−1 −5
sin[2cot ( )] = sin 2y
12

−5
= 2 sin y cos y = 2 (
12

13
)(
13
) [ since cot y < 0, so y ∈ ( π

2
, π)]

−120
=
169

OR
We have to find principle value of , cos −1
(
1

2
)

Lets cos-1 1

2
= θ

⇒
1

2
= cos θ
π
⇒ cos
3
= cos θ
π
⇒ θ=
3

22. We have Max. value is 3

4
at x = π

6
and min. value is 1

2
at x = π

Also F'(x) = cos x - 1

2
sin x = 0
2 cos x = sin x
π π
=
6 3

f (
π

2
) = sin
π

2
+
1

2
cos
π

2
= 1

√3
f (
π

6
) = sin
π

6
+
1

2
cos
π

6
= 1

2
+
4

√3
f (
π

3
) = sin
π

3
+
1

2
cos
π

3
= 2
+
1

23. The given function is,

f (x) = -2x3 + 3x2 + 12x + 6
f’(x) = -6x2 + 6x + 12
f’(x) = -6(x2 - x - 2)
= -6(x - 2)(x + 1)

Function f(x) is increasing for x ∈ [-1, 2] and decreasing in x ∈ (-∞ , -1) ∪ (2, ∞ ).
OR
Here,
= 4 units / sec and x = 2
dx

dt

And, y = 7x − x 3

Page 11 of 21
 dy
Slope of the curve (S) = dx
dy
2
S = = 7 − 3x
dx
ds dx
= −6x ×
dt dt

= −6(2)(4)

= - 48 units/ sec
So , slope is decreasing at the rate of 48 units/ sec
24. For the given integral is
Let x = a sin θ. Then, dx = d(a sin θ) = a cos θdθ
Also, x = 0 ⇒ a sin θ = 0 ⇒ sin θ = 0 ⇒ θ = 0
And, x = a ⇒ a sin θ = a ⇒ sin θ = 1 ⇒ θ = π

2
4
4 (a sin θ)
a x π/2 4 π/2 4
∴ I = ∫ dx = ∫ a cos θdθ = a ∫ sin θdθ
0 0 0
√a2 − x2 2 2 2
√a − a sin θ

4
4 3π 3πa
⇒ I = a × =
16 16

25. Given: f(x) = (x - 1) (x + 2)2

∵
f'(x) = (x + 2) + 2( x - 1) (x + 2)
= (x + 2) (x + 2 + 2x - 2)
= (x + 2) (3x)
To find the point of maxima and minima we must have
f'(x) = 0
⇒ (x + 2) × 3x = 0
⇒ x = 0, - 2

At x = -2 f'(x) changes from + ve to - ve

∵ x = -2 is point of local maxima

At x = 0 f'(x) changes from - ve to -ve

∵ x = 0 is point of local minima
Thus, local min value = f(0) = - 4
local max value f(-2) = 0.
Section C
2 4
x (x +4)

26. Let I = ∫ 2
dx
x +4
6 2
x +4x
= ∫ ( ) dx
2
x +4

Therefore by long division we have

Therefore,
2 4

= (x4 - 4x2 + 20) -

x (x +4)
80

2 2
(x +4) x +4

2 4
x (x +4)
I=∫ 2
dx
(x +4)

= ∫ (x4 - 4x2 + 20) dx - 80 ∫ 2

dx

2
x +2

=∫ x4dx -4∫ x2dx + 20 ∫ dx - 80 ∫ 2

dx

2
x +2

Page 12 of 21
 4+1 3

= x

4+1
− 4[
x

3
] + 20(x) - 80 × 1

2
tan
−1
(
x

2
)+ C

+ 20x - 40 tan-1 (
5

= x

5
−
4

3
x
3 x

2
) +C
27. Let p be the probability of getting 1 white ball out of 7 red, 5 white and 8 black balls. Therefore,we have,
5
p =
20
1
q = 1 −
4

p =
1

4
[ since p + q = 1]
3
q =
4

Let X be a random variable denoting the number of white balls selected with replacement out of 4 balls. Then,
Probability of getting r white balls out of n balls is given by
P(X=r) = C p q n
r
r n−r

Probability of getting all white balls

= P(X = 4)
4 4−4
4 1 3
= C4 ( ) ( )
4 4

4
1
= ( )
4

cos θ
28. According to the question, I = ∫ 2 2
dθ
(4+ sin θ)(5−4 cos θ)]

cos θ 2 2
= ∫ dθ [∴ co s θ = 1 − si n θ]
2 2
(4+ sin θ)[5−4(1− sin θ)]

cos θ
= ∫ dθ
2 2
(4+ sin θ)(5−4+4 sin θ)

cos θ
= ∫ dθ
2 2
(4+ sin θ)(1+4 sin θ)

Let sin θ = t ⇒ cos θdθ = dt

Then, I = ∫ 2
dt

2
(4+ t )(1+4t )

let , 2
1

2
=
A

2
+
B

2
(4+ t )(1+4t ) 4+t 1+4t

using partial fractions

At t = 0, + = A

4
B

1 4×1
1
⇒ A + 4B = 1 ...(i)
At t = 1, A

5
+
B

5
=
5×5
1
⇒ 5A + 5B = 1 ...(ii)
On solving Equations (i) and (ii), we get
−1 4
A= and B =
15 15
1 4
−
1 15 15
= +
2 2 2 2
(4+ t )(1+4t ) 4+t 1+4t

1 −1 4
⇒ = +
2 2 2 2
(4+ t )(+4t ) 15(4+ t ) 15(1+4t )

Integrating both sides w.r.t. t,

1 −1 1 4 1
⇒ ∫ dt = ∫ dt + ∫ dt
2 2 15 2 15 2
(4+ t )(1+4t ) 4+t 1+4t

−1 1 4 1
= ∫ + ∫ dt
15 2 2 15×4 2
2 +t 1
2
( ) +t
2

−1 1 −1 t 1 1 −1 t dx 1 −1 x
= ⋅ tan + ⋅ tan + C [∵ ∫ = tan + c]
15 2 2 15 1/2 1/2 2 2 a a
x +a

put t = sin θ
−1 −1 sin θ 2 −1
= tan + tan 2 sin θ + C
30 2 15

OR
π/6
Let I = ∫ 0
(2 + 3x ) cos 3xdx
2
.
Then, solving by means of integration by parts, we have
π/6
1 π/6 1
2
I = [(2 + 3x ) × sin 3x] − ∫ 6x × sin 3xdx
3 0 3
0

π/6
1 π/6
2
= [ (2 + 3x ) sin 3x] − 2∫ x sin 3xdx
3 0
0

π/6 π/6
1 2 −x cos 3x π/6 cos 3x
= [ (2 + 3x ) sin 3x] − 2 [[ ] − ∫ − dx]
3 3 0 3
0 0

π/6 π/6
1 2 −x cos 3x 1 π/6
= [ (2 + 3x ) sin 3x] − 2 [[ ] + [sin 3x] ]
3 3 9 0
0 c

2
1 π π 1 π π 0 cos 0 1 π
= [ (2 + ) sin − (2 + 0)0] − 2 [{(− cos ) + } + {sin − sin 0}]
3 12 2 3 18 2 3 9 2

Page 13 of 21
 2
1 π 2 1
= [ (2 + ) − × 0] − 2 [(0 − 0) + (1 − 0)]
3 12 3 9

2
2 π 2
= + −
3 36 9
2
π 4
= +
36 9

1 2
= (π + 16)
36

29. The given differential equation is,

(y2 - 2xy) dx = (x2 - 2xy) dy
2
dy y −2xy
=
dx 2
x −2xy

This is a homogeneous differential equation

dy
Putting y = vx and dx
=v+x dv

dx
, we have,
2 2
dv v x −2xvx
v + x =
dx 2
x −2xvx
2
dv v −2v
v + x =
dx 1−2v
2
dv v −2v
x = − v
dx 1−2v
2 2
dv v −2v−v+2v
x =
dx 1−2v
2
dv 3v −3v
x =
dx 1−2v
1−2v dx
dv =
2 x
3(v −v)

−(2v−1)
dx
dv =
2 x
3(v −v)

(2v−1)
dx
dv = −3
(v2 −v) x

Integrating both Sides we get,

(2v−1)
dx
∫ dv = −3 ∫
(v2 −v) x

log |v2 - v| = -3 log |x| + log c

v2 - v = c

x3
2
y y c
− =
2 x 3
x x

y2 - xy = c

x (y2 - xy) = c
This is the required differential equation.
OR
The given differential equation is,
y dy y
y/x
xe − y sin( )+ x sin( )= 0
x dx x
y
y/x
y sin( )−x e
dy x
⇒ =
y
dx
x sin( )
x

This is a homogeneous differential equation.

dy
Putting y = vx and dx
= v + x
dv

dx
, then,we have,
v
dv v sin v−e
v + x =
dx sin v
v
dv v sin v−e
⇒ x = − v
dx sin v
v
dv e
⇒ x = −
dx sin v

⇒ e-v sin v dv = − dx

⇒ ∫ e-v sin v dv = − ∫ 1

x
dx
−v ax

⇒
e

2
(-sin v - cos v) = -log |x| + log C [∵ ∫ e
ax
sin bx dx = 2
e

2
(a sin bx - b cos bx)]
a +b
y y
⇒ −
1

2
e
−y/x
{sin(
x
) + cos(
x
)} = -log |x| + log C
y y
⇒ e
−y/x
{sin(
x
) + cos(
x
)} = 2 log |x| - 2 log C
= log |x|2 - 2 log C ...(ii)
y y
−y/x
⇒ e {sin( ) + cos( )}
x x

It is given that y(1) = 0 i.e., y = 0 when x = 1. Putting these values in (ii), we get
1 = 0 - 2 log C ⇒ log C = − 1

Page 14 of 21
 Putting log C = − 1

2
in (ii), we get
= log |x|2 + 1 as the required solution.
y y
−y/x
e {sin( ) + cos( )}
x x

30. First, we will convert the given inequations into equations, we obtain the following equations:
2x + y = 18, 3x + 2y = 34
Region represented by 2x + y ≥ 18 :
The line 2x + y = 18 meets the coordinate axes at A(9,0) and B(0,18) respectively. By joining these points we obtain the line 2x +
y = 18 Clearly (0,0) does not satisfies the inequation 2x + y ≥ 18 . So, the region in xy plane which does not contain the origin
represents the solution set of the inequation 2x + y ≥ 18.
Region represented by 3x + 2y ≤ 34 :
The line 3x + 2y = 34 meets the coordinate axes at
C (
34

3
, 0) and D(0,17) respectively.
By joining these points we obtain the line 3x + 2y = 34 Clearly (0,0) satisfies the inequation 3x + 2y ≤ 34 . So, the region
containing the origin represents the solution set of the inequation 3x + 2y ≤ 34
The corner points of the feasible region are A(9,0)
C (
34

3
, 0) and E(2,14) and feasible region is bounded

The values of Z objective function at these corner points are as follows.

Corner point Z = 50x + 30y

A(9, 0) 50 × 9 + 3 × 0 = 450

34 34 1700
C ( , 0) 50 × + 30 × 0 =
3 3 3

E(2, 14) 50 × 2 + 30 × 14 = 520

Therefore, the maximum value of objective function Z is

1700

3
at the point ( 34

3
, 0) Hence, x = 34

3
and y = 0 is the optimal solution of the given LPP.
Thus, the optimal value of objective function Z is 1700

3
.
OR
Converting the inequations into equations, we obtain the lines -2x + y = 4, x + y = 3 , x - 2y = 2, x = 0 and y = 0.
These lines are drawn on a suitable scale and the feasible region of the LPP is shaded in Fig.

Page 15 of 21
 Now, give a value, say 15 equal to (lcm of 3 and 5) to Z to obtain the line 3x + 5y = 15. This line meets the coordinate axes at P1
(5, 0) and Q1(0, 3). Join these points by a dotted line. Move this line parallel to itself in the decreasing direction towards the origin
so that it passes through only one point of the feasible region. Clearly, P3Q3 is such a line passing through the vertex P of the
feasible region.
The coordinates of P are obtained by solving the lines x - 2y = 2 and x + y = 3.
Solving these equations, we get x = and y = . 8

3
1

Put, x = 8

3
and y = 1

3
in Z = 3x + 5y, we get
8 29
Z=3× 3
=5× 1

3
= 3
29 8
Hence, the minimum value of Z is 3
at x = 3
,y= 1

3
.
t
31. Given, x = a(cos t + log tan 2
) .........(i)
and y = a sin t..........(ii)
Therefore, on differentiating both sides w.r.t t, we get,
dx d d t
= a[ (cos t) + log tan ]
dt dt dt 2

= a [− sin t +
1

t
d

dt
(tan
t

2
)] [by using chain rule of derivative]
tan
2

1 2 t d t
= a [− sin t + ⋅ sec ( )]
t
2 dt 2
tan
2

1 2 t 1
= a [− sin t + × sec × ]
t 2 2
tan
2

⎡ ⎤
1 1 1
= a − sin t + × ×
sin t/2 t 2
2
⎣ cos ⎦
2
c os t/2

1
= a [− sin t + ]
t t
2 sin ⋅cos
2 2

1
= a [− sin t + ] [∵ sin 2θ = 2 sin θ cos θ]
sin t

2
1− sin t
= a( )
sin t

2
dx cos t
⇒
dt
= a(
sin t
) [∵ 1 − sin
2
θ = cos
2
θ] ..........(iii)
Again,on differentiating both sides of (ii) w.r.t t, we get,
dy

dt
= a cos t...............(iv)
dy

dy
Therefore, dx
=
dx
dt
=
a cos t

2
[ from Eqs(iii) and (iv)]
c os t
a( )
dt
sin t

a cos t
=
2
× sin t = tan t
a cos t

Page 16 of 21
 Therefore,on differentiating both sides of above equation w.r.t x, we get,
d dy d
( ) = (tan t)
dx dx dx

d dt d d dt
= (tan t) [∵ f (t) = f (t) ⋅ ]
dt dx dx dt dx

2
d y
⇒
2
= sec
2
t ×
sin t

2
[ From Eq.(iii)]
dx a cos t
2 4
d y sin t sec t
⇒ =
2 a
dx

Therefore, on putting t = π

3
,we get,
√3
π 4 π 4
2 sin × sec ×(2)
d y
[ ]
π
= 3

a
3
= 2

a
dx2 t=
3

8√3
= a

Section D
32. According to the question ,
Given parabola is y2 = x......(i)
vertex of parabola is ( 0, 0)
axis of parabola lies along X-axis.
Given equation of line is x + y = 2.......(ii)
For, x + y = 2
x 2 0

y 0 2
So, line passes through the points (2, 0) and (0, 2).
Now, let us sketch the graph of given curve and line as shown below:

On putting x = 2 - y from Eq. (ii) in Eq. (i), we get

2
y = 2 − y

2
⇒ y + y − 2 = 0

2
⇒ y + 2y − y − 2 = 0

⇒ y(y + 2) − 1(y + 2) = 0

⇒ (y − 1)(y + 2) = 0

∴ y = 1 or -2
When y = 1, then x = 2 - y = 1
When y = -2, then x = 2 - y = 2 - (- 2) = 4
So, points of intersection are (1, 1) and (4, - 2).
1
Now, required area = ∫ −2
[ x(line) − x
(parabola)
] dy

1 2
= ∫ (2 − y − y ) dy
−2

2 3 1
y y
= [2y − − ]
2 3
−2

1 1 8
= (2 − − ) − (−4 − 2 + )
2 3 3

5 8
= 2 − + 6 −
6 3
5 8
= 8 − −
6 3
48−5−16
=
6
48−21
=
6

Page 17 of 21
 27
=
6

=
9

2
sq units.
33. A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and R = {(a, b) : |a - b| is even}, then R = {(1, 3), (1, 5), (3, 5), (2, 4)}
1. For (a, a), |a - a| = 0 which is even. ∴ R is reflexive.
If |a - b| is even, then |b - a| is also even. ∴ R is symmetric.
Now, if |a - b| and |b - c| is even then |a - b + b - c| is even
⇒ |a - c| is also even. ∴ R is transitive.

Therefore, R is an equivalence relation.

2. Elements of {1, 3, 5} are related to each other.
Since |1 - 3| = 2, |3 - 5| = 2, |1 - 5| = 4 all are even numbers
⇒ Elements of {1, 3, 5} are related to each other.

Similarly elements of (2, 4) are related to each other.

Since |2 - 4| = 2 an even number, then no element of the set {1, 3, 5} is related to any element of (2, 4).
Hence no element of {1, 3, 5} is related to any element of {2, 4}.
OR
x−2
A = R – {3} and B = R – {1} and f (x) = ( x−3
)

x1 −2 x2 −2
Let x 1, x2 ∈ A, then f (x 1) =
x1 −3
and f (x 2) =
x2 −3

Now, for f(x1) = f(x2)

x1 −2 x2 −3
⇒ =
x1 −3 x2 −3

⇒ (x1 − 2)(x2 − 3) = (x2 − 2)(x1 − 3)

⇒ x1 x2 − 3x1 − 2x2 + 6 = x1 x2 − 2x1 − 3x2 + 6

⇒ −3x1 − 2x2 = −2x1 − 3x2

= x1 = x2

∴ fis one-one function.

x−2
Now y = x−3

⇒ y(x − 3) = x − 2

⇒ xy − 3y = x − 2

⇒ x(y − 1) = 3y − 2
3y−2
⇒ x =
y−1
3y−2
−2
3y−2 y−1 3y−2−2y+2
∴ f ( ) = = = y
y−1 3y−2 2y−2−3y+3
−3
y−1

⇒ f (x) = y

Therefore, f is an onto function.

2 2 −4 1 −1 0
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

34. We have, A = ⎢ −4 2 −4 ⎥ , B = ⎢2 3 4⎥

⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
2 −1 5 0 1 2

1 −1 0 2 2 −4 6 0 0
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

∴ BA = ⎢ 2 3 4 ⎥ ⎢ −4 2 −4 ⎥ = ⎢ 0 6 0⎥ = 6I
⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0 1 2 2 −1 5 0 0 6

2 2 −4
⎡ ⎤

B-1 =
A 1 1
∴
6
=
6
A= 6
⎢ −4 2 −4 ⎥
⎣ ⎦
2 −1 5

Also, x - y = 3, 2x + 3y + 4z = 17 and y + 2z = 7
1 −1 0 x 3
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⇒ ⎢2 3 4 ⎥ ⎢ y ⎥ = ⎢ 17 ⎥
⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0 1 2 z 7
−1
x 1 −1 0 3
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

∴ ⎢ y ⎥ = ⎢2 3 4⎥ ⎢ 17 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
z 0 1 2 7

2 2 −4 3
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎤
1
=
6
⎢ −4 2 −4 ⎥ ⎢ 17 ⎥ [using Eq. (i)]
⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
2 −1 5 7

Page 18 of 21
 6 + 34 − 28 12 2
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤
1 1
= ⎢ −12 + 34 − 28 ⎥ = ⎢ −6 ⎥ = ⎢ −1 ⎥
6 6
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
6 − 17 + 35 24 4

∴ x = 2, y = -1 and z = 4
→
35. ^ ^ ^
a 1 = i + 2 j + 3k

→
^ ^ ^
b 1 = i − 3 j + 2k
→
^ ^ ^
a 2 = 4 i + 5 j + 6k
→
^ ^ ^
b 2 = 2 i + 3j + k
→ →
^ ^ ^
a 2 − a 1 = 3 i + 3 j + 3k

∣^ ^ ^∣
i j k
→ → ∣ ∣
b 1 × b 2 = ∣1 −3 2∣
∣ ∣
∣2 3 1∣

^ ^ ^
= −9 i + 3 j + 9k

→ → → →
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
( a 2 − a 1 ) ⋅ ( b 1 × b 2 ) = (3 i + 3 j + 3k)(−9 i + 3 j + 9k) = −27 + 9 + 27 = 9

∣ → → ∣
→ →
∣ ( a 2 − a 2 )⋅( b 1 × b 2 ) ∣
d =
→ →
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
∣ b 1× b 2∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣

∣ 9 ∣ 3
= =
∣ 3√19 ∣ √19

OR
→
Let P be the point with position vector and M be the image of P in the plane r ⋅ (2 ^ı − ^ȷ + k
p ⃗ = 3^
ı + ^
^
ȷ + 2k
^
)= 4.

In addition, let Q be the foot of the perpendicular from P on to the given plane. So, Q is the midpoint of PM.
Direction ratios of PM are proportional to 2, –1, 1 as PM is normal to the plane and parallel to 2 ^ı − ^ȷ + k
^
.
→
Recall the vector equation of the line passing through the point with position vectorr ⃗ and parallel to vector b is given by
→
→ →
r = a + λ b
→
Here,a⃗ = 3 ^ı + ^ȷ + 2k
^
and b ^ ^ ^
= 2i − j + k

Hence, the equation of PM is

→
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
r = (3 i + j + 2k) + λ(2 i − j + k)
→
^ ^ ^
∴ r = (3 + 2λ) i + (1 − λ) j + (2 + λ)k
→
Let the position vector of M be m . As M is a point on this line, for some scalar α, we have
→
^ ^ ^
⇒ m = (3 + 2α) i + (1 − α) j + (2 + α)k

Now, let us find the position vector of Q, the midpoint of PM.

→
Let this be q .
Using the midpoint formula, we have
→ →
→ p +m
q =
2
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
→ [3 i + j +2k]+[(3+2α) i +(1−α) j +(2+α) k]
⇒ q =
2
^ ^ ^
→ (3+(3+2α)) i +(1+(1−α)) j +(2+(2+α)) k
⇒ q =
2
^ ^ ^
→ (6+2α) i +(2−α) j +(4+α) k
⇒ q =
2
→ (2−α) (4+α)
^ ^ ^
∴ q = (3 + α) i + j + k
2 2
→
This point lies on the given plane, which means this point satisfies the plane equation r ⋅ (2 ^
ı − ^
^
ȷ + k) = 4 .
(2−α) (4+α)
^ ^ ^ ^ ^
⇒ [(3 + α) i + j + k] ⋅ (2 ^
ı − j + k) = 4
2 2

2−α 4+α
⇒ 2(3 + α) − ( ) (1) + ( ) (1) = 4
2 2

4+α−(2−α)
⇒ 6 + 2α + = 4
2

⇒ 2α + (1 + α) = −2

⇒ 3α = −3

∴ α = −1
→
We have the image ^ ^ ^
m = (3 + 2α) i + (1 − α) j + (2 + α)k

Page 19 of 21
 →
^ ^ ^
⇒ m = [3 + 2(−1)] i + [1 − (−1)] j + [2 + (−1)]k
→
^
∴ m = ^
ı + 2^
ȷ + k

Therefore, the image is (1, 2, 1)

→ (2−α) (4+α)
The foot of the perpendicular q ^
= (3 + α) i +
2
^
j +
2
^
k

→ 2−(−1) 4+(−1)
^ ^ ^
⇒ q = [3 + (−1)] i + [ ] j + [ ]k
2 2

→ 3 3
^ ^ ^
∴ q = 2i + j + k
2 2

Thus, the position vector of the image is^i + 2^j + k

^
and that of the foot of the perpendicular is2 ^ı + 3

2
^
ȷ +
3

2
^
k

Section E
36. i. Let P be the event that the shell fired from A hits the plane and Q be the event that the shell fired from B hits the plane. The
following four hypotheses are possible before the trial, with the guns operating independently:
E1 = PQ, E2 = P¯Q¯
, E3 = P¯Q , E4 = P Q ¯

Let E = The shell fired from exactly one of them hits the plane.
P(E1) = 0.3 × 0.2 = 0.06, P(E2) = 0.7 × 0.8 = 0.56, P(E3) = 0.7 × 0.2 = 0.14, P(E4) = 0.3 × 0.8 = 0.24

P (
E

E1
) = 0 ,P( E

E2
) = 0 ,P( E

E3
) = 1 ,P( E

E4
) = 1

E E E E
P(E) = P(E1)⋅ P ( E1
) + P (E2 ) ⋅ P (
E2
) +P (E3 ) ⋅ P (
E3
) + P (E4 ) ⋅ P (
E4
)

= 0.14 + 0.24 + = 0.38

E
P ( E3 )⋅P ( )
E3 E

ii. By Bayes’ Theorem, P ( =

3
)
E E E E E
P ( E1 )⋅P ( )+P ( E2 )⋅P ( )+P ( E3 )⋅P ( )+P ( E4 )⋅P ( )
E E E E
1 2 3 4

0.14 7
= =
0.38 19

NOTE: The four hypotheses form the partition of the sample space and it can be seen that the sum of their probabilities is 1.
The hypotheses E1 and E2 are actually eliminated as P ( E1
E
) = P (
E

E2
) = 0

E
P ( E4 )⋅P ( )
E4 E4

iii. By Bayes’ Theorem, P ( E

) =
E E E E
P ( E1 )⋅P ( )+P ( E2 )⋅P ( )+P ( E3 )⋅P ( )+P ( E4 )⋅P ( )
E E E E
1 2 3 4

0.24 12
= =
0.38 19

OR
Let P be the event that the shell fired from A hits the plane and Q be the event that the shell fired from B hits the plane. The
following four hypotheses are possible before the trial, with the guns operating independently:
E1 = PQ, E2 = P¯Q¯
, E3 = P¯Q , E4 = P Q ¯

Let E = The shell fired from exactly one of them hits the plane.
P(E1) = 0.3 × 0.2 = 0.06, P(E2) = 0.7 × 0.8 = 0.56, P(E3) = 0.7 × 0.2 = 0.14, P(E4) = 0.3 × 0.8 = 0.24
37. i. Force applied by team A
−− −−−−
= √4 + 0
2 2

=4N
Force applied by team B
−−−−−−−−−
2 2
= √(−2) + 4

−−−−−
= √4 + 16
−−
= √20
–
= 2√5 N

Force applied by team C

−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2
= √(−3) + (−3)
−−−− −− –
= √9 + 9 = √18 = 3√2

Hence, the force applied by team B is maximum.

So, Team 'B' will win.
ii. Sum of force applied by team A, B and C
= (4 + (-2) + (-3))^i + (0 + 4 + (-3))^j
= −^i + ^j
Magnitude of team combine force

Page 20 of 21
 −−−−−−−−−−
2 2
= √(−1) + (1)
–
= √2N

iii. Force applied by team B

−−−−−−−−−
2 2
= √(−2) + 4

−−−−−
= √4 + 16
−−
= √20
–
= 2√5 N

OR
Force applied by team A
−− −−−−
2 2
= √4 + 0

=4N
38. i. C = 40000h2 + 5000x2
as x2h = 250
2

+ 5000x2
40000(250)
⇒ C= 4
x
2
dC −160000(250)
ii. = + 10000x
dx x
5

iii. For minimum cost dc

dx
=0
⇒ 10000x6 = 250 × 250 × 160000
⇒ x = 10
2
d C
showing 2
> 0 at x = 10
dx
∴cost is minimum when x = 10
OR
2
dC −160000(250)
= + 10000x
dx x
4

dC
= 0 gives x = 10
dx
dC
> 0 in (10, ∞ ) and dC
< 0 in (0, 10).
dx dx

Hence, cost function is neither increasing nor decreasing for x > 0

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