CHAPTER 1.

SCARY, LUCKY, CELEBRATION

How to discuss unsual experiences and talk
about superstitions and festivals from your
country
 UNIT 1 - SCARY

BELIEVE IT OR NOT
 Match the words with the suitable pictures

B 1. see a ghost

A 2. go to a fortune teller
E 3. see a UFO

4. have a scary dream

D
C 5. get lost in a forest
 Listen to a radio programme about scary experiences and asnwer the
following questions on your notebook.

Listen to Caller 1 and answer the questions:

1. When did Jenny have her strange experience?

2. Where did she have the experience? In the bedroom/In the bathroom?

Listen to Caller 2 and answer the questions:

1. Who had the experience that Jonathan talks about?

2. In what country did the person have the experience?
 LANGUAGE FOCUS

When we ask or talk about experiences in someone’s life, we can use the present perfect
simple. (?) Have you ever seen a ghost? ⟶ Yes, I Have./No, I haven’t.
(?) Have you ever been to Hongkong? ⟶ Yes, I Have./No, I haven’t.

When we ask for the more detail information, we can use the past simple.

(?) Where did you see it? ⟶ I saw it in the bathroom.

(?) Where did you go? ⟶ I went to Disney Land.

Note: When we talk about life experiences, we use been. To explain that someone is
not here now, we can use gone.

(1) Have you ever been to France? ⟶ Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
(2) Where’s Bob? ⟶ He’s gone to France.
 Grammar

PRESENT PERFECT
VS PAST TENSE
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1 2 3

Use appropriate
Remember the verb tenses with
Differentiate
form and usage of time markers to
simple past from
simple past and compose
present perfect
present perfect meaningful
sentences
 SIMPLE PAST
The simple past tense is used to express something that occurred in
the past but has not continued into the present. The action started and
finished in the past.
It is formed, most commonly, by adding -ed at the end of the main verb (Regular Verbs):
Turn Turned
Close Closed
Share Shared

In special cases, the spelling of the main verb is changed (Irregular Verbs):
Eat Ate
Sleep Slept
Turn Turned
 USE OF SIMPLE PAST
Simple past
occurs here

Yesterday Tomorrow
and before and after
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

He bought this phone from an antique shop last summer.

 REGULAR VERBS PRONUNCIATION
When a verb ends in an unvoiced sound then -ed is
like - liked
pronounced as /t/ + no extra syllable

When a verb ends in a voiced sound then -ed is

stay - stayed
pronounced as /d/ + no extra syllable

When a verb ends in a /t/ or /d/ sounds = add an

want - wanted
extra syllable with /ɪd/.

IRREGULAR VERBS
Study the pronunciation and meaning of the following Verb List
 TELEPHONE Find a partner and read the
lines together. Which verbs are

CONVERSATION in the simple past?

Claudia: Have you seen the bakery that has just opened on Feather Street?

Reese: Yes, it opened last week, didn't it?

Claudia: I went yesterday and bought a pastry. They sell matcha cheesecake!

Oh! I have not tried matcha. I have collected loyalty points at my favourite bakery
Reese:
but have not used the points this year. I redeemed a gift last year, though!

Claudia: What did you get?

Reese: I received a really cute planner. Would you like to visit the bakery tomorrow?

Claudia: Yes, great! See you then.

 TELEPHONE CONVERSATION

Claudia: Have you seen the bakery that has just opened on Feather Street?

Reese: Yes, it opened last week, didn't it?

Claudia: I went yesterday and bought a pastry. They sell matcha cheesecake!

Oh! I have not tried matcha. I have collected loyalty points at my favourite bakery
Reese:
but have not used the points this year. I redeemed a gift last year, though!

Claudia: What did you get?

Reese: I received a really cute planner. Would you like to visit the bakery tomorrow?

Claudia: Yes, great! See you then.

 USE OF SIMPLE PAST
EXAMPLES EXPLANATION
My grandfather repaired his Describes a completed event
favorite vintage TV model. or action in the past

She was excited to receive Describes a state or condition

a phone call from her friend. that existed in the past

If he took better care of himself, Describes an imaginary

he wouldn't fall sick so easily. condition in the past

Talk about the activities you enjoyed doing last

summer in the simple past tense.
MAKING SENTENCE IN SIMPLE PAST
Verbal Sentences (Verb 2)

(+) Subject + Verb 2 + Object

She went to school yesterday.
(–) Subject + did not + Verb 1 + Object
She didn’t go to school yesterday.
(?) Did + Subject + Verb 1 + Object?
Did she go to school yesterday?
MAKING SENTENCE IN SIMPLE PAST
Non-Verbal (Nominal) Sentences (to be: Was/Were)

(+): Subject + was/were + Adjective/Noun/Adverb of place

I was happy yesterday.
They were in the park last night.
(–): Subject + was/were not + Adjective/Noun/Adverb of place
I was not sad yesterday.
They were not at school yesterday.
(?): Was/Were + Subject + Adjective/Noun/Adverb of place?
Was she at home last night?
Were they in the park yesterday?
SIMPLE PAST EXERCISES
FORMATIVE

WORDWALL 1
WORDWALL 2

WORDWALL 3
WORDWALL 4
 PRESENT PERFECT
The present perfect describes actions or situations that started
in the past with a connection to the present or actions that
have just been completed.

It is formed by using has/have + the past participle (V3) of the main verb:

I have eaten this afternoon.

I have taken my dog to the vet.
Pedro has lived in London all his life.
Lorna has thought about returning home recently.
 PRESENT PERFECT
Present perfect can occur anywhere here
Yesterday Tomorrow
and before and after
PAST PRESENT FUTURE

The shop has just opened.

The visitors have arrived.

Which verbs in the present perfect were used in Claudia and Reese’s conversation?
 TELEPHONE CONVERSATION
Claudia: Have you seen the bakery that has just opened on Feather Street?

Reese: Yes, it opened last week, didn't it?

Claudia: I went yesterday and bought a pastry. They sell matcha cheesecake!

Oh! I have not tried matcha. I have collected loyalty points at my favourite bakery
Reese:
but have not used the points this year. I redeemed a gift last year, though!

Claudia: What did you get?

Reese: I received a really cute planner. Would you like to visit the bakery tomorrow?

Claudia: Yes, great! See you then.

 USE OF PRESENT PERFECT
EXAMPLES EXPLANATION
Describes a past event or state that still
My sister has been a teacher for three years.
has a connection to the present

Describes an action by which

John has used a fax machine before.
the precise time is unidentified

Describes an action that was

I have just finished reading the novel.
completed in the very recent past
 TIME MARKERS: SIMPLE PAST
Use last with time of Use yesterday at the
Use in or ago with
date, days, weeks, beginning or end of
date or number:
months, year: a sentence:

I called
Grandmother
I visited Grandmother yesterday.
Grandmother last worked here fifty
Tuesday. years ago. Yesterday, I
spoke with
Grandmother.
TIME MARKERS: PRESENT PERFECT
Grandmother has collected
Use for with an amount of time:
phones for a long time.

Use since with the time that the action

Grandmother told me stories since I was three.
began:

Use how long to ask about the amount of How long has it been since
time from the past to the present: we visited Grandmother?

Use always to show that an action began

I have always loved visiting Grandmother.
in the past and continues to the present:

Use never to show that something has I have never stopped Grandmother
not occurred from the past to the present: from telling me stories.
SIMPLE PAST
VS PRESENT PERFECT
Study these two questions.

A. When did Pedro live in the UK?

B. How long has Pedro lived in the UK for?

Question A with ‘when’ uses the simple past tense.

This indicates Pedro lived in the UK some time ago.

Question B with ‘how long’ uses the present perfect tense.

This indicates that Pedro lived in the UK some time ago, and is still living there.
 EXERCISES
Use the prompt to write ‘Have you ....’ questions.
a. (go / aboard) FORMATIVE
b. (see / a ghost) WORDWALL 1

c. (eat / Korean food) WORDWALL 2

d. (read / a Shakespeare play)
WORDWALL 3
e. (lose / something valuable)
WORDWALL 4
f. (try / a dangerous sport)
ACTIVITY: SIMPLE PAST Study the sentences and
choose the appropriate

OR PRESENT PERFECT?
verb. Drag and drop your
answer on the space
provided.

have had have wanted switched ordered received

A. Do you like talking on the phone?

B. Yes, I do. I _____________ my old phone since I was twelve. A couple of months ago, I
____________ my new mobile phone. And last month, I _________________ to a better service
provider. Now, I have better reach no matter where I am.

A. What do you do with your phone?

B. Lots of things. I can watch videos, play mobile games and chat with my friends!
Last week, I finally ___________ downloaded a game for the first time - I
____________________ a smartphone for so long!
 Answer Key

ACTIVITY: SIMPLE PAST Study the sentences and

choose the appropriate

OR PRESENT PERFECT?
verb. Drag and drop your
answer on the space
provided.

A. Do you like talking on the phone?

have had
B. Yes, I do. I _____________ my old phone since I was twelve. A couple of months ago, I
received
____________ switched
my new mobile phone. And last month, I _________________ to a better service
provider. Now, I have better reach no matter where I am.

A. What do you do with your phone?

B. Lots of things. I can watch videos, play mobile games and chat with my friends!
ordered
Last week, I finally ___________ downloaded a game for the first time - I
have wanted
____________________ a smartphone for so long!
 SUMMARY
The Simple Past indicates that an
action occurred at a specific time in In Present Perfect, the action took
the past. place sometime in the past and
continues into the present.

The Simple Past often occurs with

specific past-time adverbials
The Present Perfect often occurs with
(yesterday, last year, 2008).
more general adverbials (already,
since..., for..., yet)

Form: most commonly, adding -ed at

the end of the main verb, and
changing the spelling of the main verb Form: has/have as + the past
in special cases like take > took. participle of the main verb
LET’S DISCUSS...
Think of a strange experience that you
have had or you have heard about.
Make notes of:

What happened?
Where were you/they?
Who were you/they with?
How did you/they feel?
 UNIT 2 - LUCKY

ARE YOU
SUPERSTITIOUS?
Match the superstitions with the suitable pictures

A B C
1. breaking a mirror

2. crossing fingers

3. opening an umbrella indoors

4. Friday the 13th

D E F
5. hanging a horseshoe

6. seeing a black cat

Do you think the above superstitions are lucky or unlucky?

 Listen to three people talking about superstitions and complete the missing words

Person 1
1. In Britain, some people think that ____________ is bad luck.
2. If you ____________, you ____________ seven years’ bad luck.

Person 2
3. My mother thinks that ____________ on the wall of a house is good luck.
4. If you _____ the _____ the wrong way, you ____________ bad luck.

Person 3
5. Some people think that ________________________ brings good luck.
 Listen to three people talking about superstitions and complete the missing words

Person 1
1. In Britain, some people think that breaking a mirror is bad luck.
2. If you break a mirror, you’ll have seven years’ bad luck.

Person 2
3. My mother thinks that hanging a horseshoe on the wall of a house is good
luck.
4. If you hang the horseshoe the wrong way, you’ll have bad luck.
Person 3
5. Some people think that crossing your fingers brings good luck.
 LANGUAGE FOCUS

One of the uses of the -ing form of the verb has the function as noun. This form is
called the ‘Gerund’. E.g. I like telling ghost stories.
Opening doors for people is polite.
Seeing a black cat is unlucky.

We use the ‘first conditional’ to talk about positive events in the future.

If + S + present simple (V1), S + will + base form

If you break a mirror, you will have seven years’ bad luck.
If you find a four-leaf clover, you’ll be lucky.
 GERUND EXERCISE
Complete the sentences below by writing the gerund.

make stand drive ignore receive

1. _____________ for a long time without a rest is dangerous.

2. _____________ in the rain can give you a cold.
3. _____________ a red stop sign is dangerous.
4. _____________ presents is nice, but giving presents is nicer.
5. _____________ mistakes in English helps you learn.
 GERUND EXERCISE
Complete the sentences below by writing the gerund.

make stand drive ignore receive

1. Driving for a long time without a rest is dangerous.

2. Standing in the rain can give you a cold.
3. Ignoring a red stop sign is dangerous.
4. Receiving presents is nice, but giving presents is nicer.
5. Making mistakes in English helps you learn.
 FIRST CONDITIONAL EXERCISE
Match the parts of the sentences in the left column with the parts of the
sentences in the right column.

If you eat an apple a day, tomorrows’s weather will be good.

If you find a four-leaf clover, you won’t need to see a doctor.

If you see a red sky at night, you’ll have a good luck.

If you see a red sky in the morning, there’ll be bad weather later.
 FIRST CONDITIONAL EXERCISE
Match the parts of the sentences in the left column with the parts of the
sentences in the right column.

If you eat an apple a day, tomorrows’s weather will be good.

If you find a four-leaf clover, you won’t need to see a doctor.

If you see a red sky at night, you’ll have a good luck.

If you see a red sky in the morning, there’ll be bad weather later.
 LET’S DISCUSS...
You are going to talk about a superstition from your
country that you know about. Complete the information
below.

What is the superstition about an animal / a thing /

an action?
Is the superstition about something lucky or
unlucky?
Do many people know about it?
Do you believe it?
 UNIT 3 -
CELEBRATION
FESTIVAL
CELEBRATION
 Work with a partner. Write the festivals on the calendar.

1 2 3 4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12

Christmas Day Eid el-Fitr

Father’s Day Halloween
Indonesian Independence Day Mother’s Day
 READING COMPREHENSION
Read the text and answer the following questions.
Halloween is celebrated on 31st of October. It’s unusual for British or Australian
children to go to Halloween parties, but in North America many people celebrate
Halloween. Activities such as trick-or-treating, attending Halloween parties, and
playing games like ‘bobbing for apples’ are normally very popular.

Trick-or-treating is when children dress as monsters and knock on strangers’ doors.

The children offer them a choice between giving them a treat (candy or a small
amount of money) or playing a trick on the house owner. People at Halloween
parties also tend to dress up in costumes. People generally dress up as ghosts,
vampires, or monsters, but you can also see other costumes.

Games like’bobbing for apples’ are normally very popular. Guests have to catch
apples floating in a tub of water with their mouth. They can’t use their hands! It’s
usual for people to make Jack-o-lanterns. They cut a monster’s face in pumpkin
and put a candle in it. They normally put in front of their house, or in the window.
 READING COMPREHENSION
Answer the questions below in your notebook and have a peer review.

1. Do British and Australian children go to Halloween parties?

2. What activities do people do for Halloween?
3. Where do people put Jack-o-lanterns?

Games like’bobbing for apples’ are normally very popular. Guests have to catch
apples floating in a tub of water with their mouth. They can’t use their hands! It’s
usual for people to make Jack-o-lanterns. They cut a monster’s face in pumpkin
and put a candle in it. They normally put in front of their house, or in the window.
 LANGUAGE FOCUS

When we want to make general statements less definite, we can use words like:
tend to, normally, generally, and usual/unsual for.

tend to + V1 (cenderung) in North America, everyone tends to celebrate Halloween.

normally/generally + present simple (after ‘be’ and before other verbs)

Games like ‘bobbing for apples’ are normally very popular.
People generally dress up as ghosts, vampires, or monsters.

it’s usual/it’s unusual for + Noun + to + V1 (lazim/biasa)

It’s usual for people to make Jack-o-lanterns.

It’s unusual for British or Australian children to go to Halloween parties.
 EXERCISE

Use the prompts in the parentheses to make statements below less definite.

1. British people drink a lot of tea. (tend to)

tend to + V1 (cenderung)
2. Europeans are taller than Asians. (generally)
3. Americans go home to their families at Thanksgiving. (normally)
4. In Britain, people give charities to the poor and shop during sales on Boxing Day.
(usual for)

it’s usual/it’s unusual for + Noun + to + V1 (lazim/biasa)

It’s usual for people to make Jack-o-lanterns.

It’s unusual for British or Australian children to go to Halloween parties.
 LET’S DISCUSS...
Choose a festival from your country. How do you or your
family celebrate it. Think about the following and make
notes:

The festival
What you do
Food
BE PREPARED FOR THE
SUMMATIVE TEST
THANK YOU