MCR 3U Lesson 1.

1 Graphing Relations

1. Graph each of the following relations: y

8 1
② 7
a) ① y  2x  1 and y  5 x A
6
↓ 5 · al
X+ 5
mx + b y =
-

y = 4
-
↓ 3 8

slope
↓
Fint -
I 2
1 ⑧
&

T
- –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1–1

–2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x

–3 -
–4
–5

W –6
–7
–8

b)
an
3 x  2 y  12  0 and 6x  3y  0
y
- 8

②
&

6X 3y =
0
① 2y 3x + 12 7
-

=
6 & ⑧

64 3y
x+
= 5
= =
y 4 O

2x Y 3 &
=

=
2 E
=
6
y
+
x
Y I 1

E y-inter
·
↓
⑧

↓ slops = –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x

6
slope = y-int = –2
–3
–4
–5
–6
–7

↓ –8

y  x  4  3 , and y  2( x  7)  8
2
c) y  x ,
2 2

(x-177)
y

form ↓
-
10
vertex #
↑ 6
M
⑧ 8
1 -

7
, 0) & & 6 ⑧ 8

y = a(X -
4) + 1 ↓
* 4 *

2
10
(h , k) vertex 2
, 6,
&
-
.... & 8 o
= -

· ⑨ ·

–10 –8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 10 x
–2 · 6

~
vortexO =
(4 ,
-3)
~
–4
·

–6

–8

–10

WS 1.1
MCR 3U Lesson 1.2 Functions

1. Consider the data which lists the 1) favourite hockey team and 2) number of siblings. Favourite # of
Team Siblings
When the data is presented in this way, we consider “Favourite Team” to be the
Ottawa 2

independena
________________________ variable and “# of Siblings” to be the Pittsburgh 3
________________________ variable. Toronto 0
Montreal 3
For this data we can create a corresponding mapping diagram . Boston 1

·
Domain : all possible values for
,
'X
independent variable >
-

all possible values for

Range :
dependent variable >
-

'y
-
independent-
> dependent
Cottawa
, Pittsburgh
,
Toronto Montreal
We can also list the Domain _______________________________________________
Boston's
, ,
20 , 1 , ,
2
33
and the Range ________________________ of this relation.

2. Consider the data at right. When the data is presented in this way, we consider “# Favourite

independent
of Siblings” to be the ________________________ variable and “Favourite
# of Siblings
2
Team
Ottawa
dependent
Team” to be the ________________________ variable. 3 Pittsburgh
For this data we can create a corresponding mapping diagram . 0 Toronto
3 Montreal

j
1 Boston

20 , 1 , 2 , 33
We can also list the Domain _______________________________________________
90 , P ,T , M , B3
and the Range _______________________________________ of this relation.

FUNCTION
The relation in example 1 (above) is called a _____________________ because:
each independent variable only has I corresponding dependent variable
___________________________________________________________________
each X-value ONLY has 1 y-value
___________________________________________________________________

NOT A FUNCTION
The relation in example 2 is: ___________________________________
3. Classify each of the following as a function (F) or not (N):

Eng.,O
Bill , Fr., Jill, Eng., Phil 
a)
ON b)
↑
d)
⑦
c) x y Shoe # of Ottawa Senators
1 -3 size friends
Number Name
2 -1 6 9 8
5 Ceci
3 0 8.5 12 N
9.5 10 9 Ryan
4 -1
- 9 7 65 Karlsson
E 7 13 41 Anderson

4. Plot the relations listed above in 3c) and 3d. One way of determining if a
y y graphed relation is a function is
O
to use the Vertical Line Test.
⑨
12 ⑨ ·
2 4 6 x
& &

–2
10
&

–4
8 ⑧

⑧
–6
6

FUNCTION 6 8 10 12 x

NOT A FUNCTION

5. Classify each of the following as a function (F) or not (N):

y

b) y  3 x  2 c) y  x d) x  y
2 2
a)

I
5

liniarfunction
3 =

5 ( 4)
2

1
O =
16
O 4 =

42
x
16
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5
–1 =

*
–2 ↑ NOT
–3

–4
I

i
–5

N fails ULT
,

I
-
I

I ?

Pg. 10 #1, 2, 6, 7 (sketch, not graph), 8,9, 11, 12, 15

 MCR 3U Lesson 1.3 Function Notation

Function Notation: Notation used to represent the value of the dependent variable (the output) for a given value
of the independent variable (the input).
Symbols such as f(x) and g(x) are used to represent the dependent variable y for a given value of the independent
variable x. Foe this reason, y and f(x) are interchangeable in the equation of a function, so y = f(x).
y y
6
Function f. Function g.
6 4

4 2

function acting
2 x
2 4 6 8
–2
oux
↑ 2 4 6 x

5
–4

g
=

f (x) &(1 =
,
2) ;(6 , 4) ; (3 4) ; (4, 2)3
= X
–6

J
,

X g(x) =
No
29(100)
:

g(y) = 54 = = 18
Ex. 1 Consider the function f ( x )  2 x  3 . -
a) Graph this function. b) Determine each value: -
i) f (1) . ii)  2 f 12 

f(-1) = 2( 1) 3
2(2x 3]
y M -
-
- -
6 =

5 ⑧

5
2(2(12) 3)
=
-

4 -

-
=

3 ·

2
-
=
2[21] = - 42

f 6
1 &

–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x iii) f 4  5 x  iv)
–1 O - 3
f(x) 2x 3

Ii
–2 = -

–3 ·
I
–4

f(4 5x) 2(4 +

5x) 3
-

–5 + =

8 + 10x 3
–6
W =
-

+ 5
= 10x

Ex. 2 The bottom of an inclined conveyor belt is 1.5 metres above the ground. A toy placed on this belt rises at a
rate of 0.5 m/sec. y
5

a) Use function notation to write an equation for this 4 Y

situation. =
f(x)
+ 0 5x .
1 . 5 = zx -z +
3
6
&

b) What will be the height of the toy after 4 seconds? 2 &

time f (4) = 0 5 (4) + 1 5

·
X =
. .
1

f(x) = height
Theheightm
= 2 + 1 5
:.
.

1 2 3 4 5 6 x
3 5m = .

c) How long will it take for the toy to reach a height of 6

metres?
= 0 5x + f(x)
1 5 . .

6 = 0 5X + 1 5 . Reaches
.
. a
height
4 5 .
= 0 54.
of 6 m &9 seconds
9 =
X
 2
Ex. 3 Given f(x) = 2x – 3 and g(x) = x – 4x + 5, find the value(s) of a for which f(a) = g(a).

f(x) =
g(x)
2x 3-
= x2 4x + 5
-

- 4x 2x+ 5 + 3
0
-

= x
- 6x + 0
0 = x

4)
(X 2)(X
-

0
-

↓ =
4
x = 2X

2 OR a= 4
a =

Ex. 4 Explain function notation and compare it with other ways to write equations. Include an example.

p. 22 #1acf, 2, 5ac, 6, 7, 8, 10,

11ac, 12, 13, 17
 MCR 3U Lesson 1.4 Domain and Range

Ex. 1 State the domain and range of each relation:

y y
6
6
5
7
4
4
3

2
2
1

–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
–6 –4 –2 2 4 6 x
–1

–2

an
element –2

x is L –3
–4
numbers –4

the
real –5
–6
of
-
–6

3
1 0 1 2
-

Domain: __________________
, , , ,
33 +
Domain: ________________2x 3
2 1
Range: ___________________
, , ,
2 3 53 Range: _________________ [YER3
y- y
6
6
5

4
4

]
3

2 2

↑ Horizontal Asymptote 1

y = 0 -tells us how the curve

I
–6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6 x
x
2–6 –4 –2 2 4 6 –1

–2 behaves at each end of the –2

x-axis.
–3

–4 –4
↑
Asymptotes are broken lines. –5

–6 –6

v
Vertical Asymptote – tells us where the
o = hole point
x=0 curve is undefined

EXER ,
Domain: __________________
X = 03 Domain: EXtR
______________
,
-

52x463
EYER , y
Range: ___________________ 03 & -37y40
Range: ________________
,
YER
,
1 <
y 133

Ex. 2 State the domain and range of

D: E XEIR3
↓
a) y  5x  32  4 . R: EYER, y < 43

1203
b) y x D : EXER , X=03
R : EYER ,
10
c) y D :
EXEI, XF03
x
M : EYER, YE03
d) y  2 x  5, x  7

[XtR x 273 ,
Pg. 35 # 1 – 7, 9a-e, 10ab, 11, 14

EYER ,
y< 193
MCR 3U Lesson 1.5 Inverse of a Function

 The inverse of a function is the reverse of the original function. It undoes what the original has done and
can be found using the inverse operations of the original function in reverse order.
 The inverse of a function is not necessarily a function.
 The symbol f 1 ( x) is the notation for the inverse function of f .

Ex. 1 The cost to rent a hall for a party is $200 plus $10 per guest.
Let ((g) = cost for 'g' guests
guests attending
#
g
= of
a) Use function notation to write an equation b) What would be the cost for 80 guests to attend?
representing this relation, where the cost of
the party is the dependent variable. C(80) =
200 + 10/00)
= 200 + 000
((g) =
200 +
109 =
$1000
- It costs $1000 for 80 guests .

c) Use function notation to write an equation d) How many guests could attend for $960?
representing this relation, where the number
of guests is the dependent variable.
g =
90-200
((g) 200 =
109
-

= 76
(200 .. 76 guests can attend for $960 -

Ex. 2 For each of the following functions, find the equation of the inverse function for i) by reversing
the operations, AND for ii) by interchanging the variables

i) g ( x)  5 x  1

E@y(x)
=
5x -
1
①y 5x 1 -
=

g(x) + 1 5x

5yyog(x)
N = =

:
X =

x+ 1 = 5y
X+1

g" (x) =
X+ 1
=
Y
5

1
ii) h( x )  3  x
4
n" (x) 12
=
-
4x

↑
y
= 3 -

7x
y = 3 -

ty
Y = 3 -
x

= 12 -

4x
y
 Ex. 3 y

a) Plot f  (2,4), (3,1), (5,2), (6,4) 6

b) List f
1 &
(4 2) , (1 , 3) , 12 , 5) , 14 , 613 .
_________________________
,

4
·

⑧
·.......... ⑧

1
c) Plot f on the same axes.
·

2 ⑧

1
d) What do you notice about f ? ·

& (X) and f"(X) are reflections x

2 4 6

in the line y
= X

g x   2 x  3 ,
y
Ex. 4 Given that 6

1
a) Plot g and g on the same axes. 4

1
b) State the defining equation for g . 2

g"(x) E = =
z z +

–6 –4 –2 2 4 6 x

c) Evaluate: g  1  g 5
1 –2
=
- I

g(
-

1) = 2) 1) - -

3 g (5) 2 + : –4

= -
2 3 -

= –6

=
-

5
-
5 + 4= -
1 = 4

g 1 2 
d) Evaluate: 2 g 10 
2

 The domain of f is the range of f 1 ( x ) and the range of f is the domain of f 1 ( x ) .

 f 1 ( x ) is the reflection of f in the line yx.

Pg . 46 #3 - 5, 8abc, 9a-e, 10 ,12,13, 16,17, 20

 ↓
MCR 3U Lesson 1.6 Transformations (Part 1) y
10
9 M 1
Ex. 1 8

a) If f  x   x , what is f x  3 ?
2 7
6
~ 5

x 3)
f(x)
4 ·
=
f(x 3)
-
= (x -

3
2

↓
1
·
b) Plot f x  and f x  3 on the axes at right. –10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1
–1
–2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x

m
f(x 3) -
–3
–4
–5
–6
–7
–8
–9
–10

Ex. 2 right
10
9

a) If g x  x , what is g x  6 ? 8
7
6

g(x + b) =
56
5
4
3 · >
& 2
· 1

g x  and g x  6 on the axes at right.

·

b) Plot –10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
–2

9** g(x+ b) –3

a
1Y –4

/
b) is
g( + –5
–6

horizontaltranslation –7
–8
of 6 units to -
the –9
93 3
left –10

Given the graph of f x  , the graph of f x  a  will be a

horizontal translation of 'a' units to the

right
f(x +a) f(X 1 a)
f x  , the graph of f x  a  will be a
-
=
-

Given the graph of

horizontal translation of 'a' units to the left

y
8

f x  at right, plot each of the following on

6
Ex. 3 Given the graph of
the same axes: 4

2
a) f x  3
–8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 x

b) f  x  2 –2

–4

–6

–8
 -1
y
10
9
8
·

Ex. 4 7

a) If f  x   x , what is f x   4 ?
6
2
5
·
4

x2 + 4
3

f(x) +4 = 2
1

–10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
–2

f x  and f x   4 on the axes at right.

–3

b) Plot –4
–5

i
f(x) + 4 –6
–7

is a vertical –8
–9

translation
–10

* 4 units up- y

g 10
Ex. 5 9

g x  x , what is g x   3 ?
8
c) If 7
6
5

g(x)
-

3 = 5x -

3 4
3 &

2 ·

1 &
· o >
x

g x  and g x   3 on the axes at right.

–10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1
–1 1 2 3 4
· 5 6 7 8 9 10

d) Plot –2 &

–3 ·

vertical translation
–4

g(x) 3 is a
=
–5
–6

3 units down –7
–8
–9
–10

Given the graph of f x  , the graph of f x   a will be a

vertical translation of 'd' units up

Given the graph of f x  , the graph of f x   a will be a

vertical translation of a units down

y
8

Ex. 6 Given the graph of f x  at right, plot each of the following on 6

the same axes: 4

a) f x   3 2

f x   4 –8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 x
b)
–2

–4

–6

–8
 y
10

Ex. 7
9
8

c) If f  x   x , what is
2
 f x  ? 7
6
5

f(x) -
=
xi 4
3
2
1

f x  and  f x  on the axes at right.

**
d) Plot –10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
–2
–3
–4
–5

Reflection across –6
–7
–8
–9
–10

Ex. 8
g x  x , what is 2 g x  ?
y

e) If 10
9

25x
8

29(x) = 7
6 · Y
5
4 G

g x  and 2 g x  on the axes at right.

2 &

f) Plot 1
&

vertical sn
g() th
–10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1
–1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
–2
–3
–4
–5
factor of
by a
4
–6
–7
2 96
gl3 –8

Given the graph of f x  , the graph of  f x  will be a

–9
–10

reflection across x-axis

Given the graph of f x  , the graph of af x  will be a

vertical stretch by a fastor of a

y
8

Ex. 9 Given the graph of f x  at right, plot each of the following on

6
the same axes:
4

a)  f x  2

b) 2 f x  –8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 x

–2

–4

–6

–8
Ex. 10 Given the graph of f x  at right, plot each of the
y
following on the same axes:
horizontal translation 3 ruits left 8
>
O
a) f x  3  6
-

>
-
vertical -6 units down 6

4
1
f x 
⑧ b)
2
vertical stretch factor of
2 ·

by
-
>
& &

–8 –6 –4 –2 · 2 4 6 8 x

–2
&

–4

① –6 ·

· –8

Ex. 11 Given the graph of f x  at right, plot each of the y

following on the same axes: 8

6
a)  f  x  4
4

b) 2 f x  1 2

–8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 x

–2

–4

–6

–8

Ex. 12 Given the graph of f x  at right, plot each of the y

following on the same axes: 8

6
a)  2 f x  1  5
4

b) 3 f  x  2 2

–8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 x

–2

–4

–6

–8

WS 1.6
MCR 3U Lesson 1.7 Transformations (Part 2) - Horizontal Stretches

f ( x)  x 2 .
y
At right is the graph of 18
M

p
M 17

f ( x)  x 2 , then determine:
⑧ 16 ·
If
15

(2x)
14
f (2 x) = 13

= 4x2 12

11

↓
10

Now graph
4x2
y  ___________ . 7

5
This, in this case, is the graph of f (2 x) .
4
·

3
So, the transformation f (2 x) can be described as a 2

horizontal compression by a factor of I

_____________________________________
1

–10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
–1

–2
_____________________________________

Ex. 1 Given the graph of f x  , plot each of the following:

horizontal compression horizontal stretch by
1 
a) f 2 x  by factor of E b) f  x
2 
factor of 2
·
y y
8 8

6 6

·
4 ·

2 2

⑧ ⑧

–8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 x x
–8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8
–2 –2 ·

–4 –4

–6 –6

–8 –8
At right is the graph of f ( x)  x 2 . y
M

p
18
M
17

If f ( x)  x 2 , then determine: · ·16

12x46)
15

f (2 x  6) = 14

13

=
(2(x 3))2
+
12

11

F
10

5
Now use a table of values to graph · · 4

(2 (x + 3))2
y  ______________________ . 3

1
·
–10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 x
–1

–2

2x 6
So, the transformation f (2 x  6) can be described as a

horizontal compression by factor ofI

____________________________________________________________ W
+

horizontal translation 3 units to the left (2x + b)

____________________________________________________________

Ex. 2 Given the graph of f x  , plot each of the following: (2(x+ 3))
a) f 2 x  4  b) f  x 

8
y
↑ 8
y

6 6

4 4

·
2 2

–8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 x x
–8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8
–2 –2 &

–4 –4

–6 –6

–8 –8

Reflection across y-axis

Ex. 3 Given the graph of f x  at right, plot each y
8
of the following on the same axes:
6

a) f  x   3
4

b) f 2 x   5 2

–8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 x

–2

–4

–6

–8

Ex. 4 Given the graph of f x  at right, plot each y

8
of the following on the same axes:
6

a)  f  x 
4

b) 2 f 2 x  6 2

–8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 x

–2

–4

–6

–8

Ex. 5 Given the graph of f x  at right, plot each

y
of the following on the same axes:
8

a) f  x  1  5 >
-
f( -
(x -

1) + 5 6

4
1 
b) 3 f  x  2
2 

–8 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6 8 x

–2

–4

–6

–8

WS 1.7