Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

指數及對數函數

Exercises(練習)

1. Express each of the following in the form x p , where p is a rational number.

把下列各題寫成 x p 的形式，其中 p 是一個有理數。

7
(a) x4

1
(b)
( x )3
5

(6 x 3 ) 2
2. Simplify and express your answer with positive indices.
(2 x 2 ) 4
(6 x 3 ) 2
化簡 ，並以正指數表示答案。
(2 x 2 ) 4

3. Find the values of

求下列各題的值。
4
(a) 16 ,
(b) 3
 27 .

2
 x 3 y 5 
4. Simplify  2 3  and express your answer with positive indices.
x y 

2
 x 3 y 5 
化簡   2 3  ，並以正指數表示答案。
x y 

1
Question Bank

5. Find the values of

求下列各題的值。
1
(a) (125) 3 ,

1

(b) 81 2 .

6. Find the values of

求下列各題的值。
3

(a) (32) 5 ,

2

 64  3
(b)   .
 125 

7. Solve 5 x1  5 x  30 .
解 5 x1  5 x  30 。

8. Simplify the following expressions and express your answers with positive indices.
化簡下列各題，並以正指數表示答案。
4 x 2
(a) x3 
x

3 1 1
x2 
(b)  (9 x 2 ) 2
4
x3

9. Solve 16x  8 3 .

5
解 16x  8 3 。

10. Solve the following simultaneous equations:

解以下的聯立方程：
33 x 2 y  81
 2 x 3 y
2  128

2
 5 Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

11. Solve 2 2 x1  3(2 x )  1  0 .

解 2 2 x1  3(2 x )  1  0 。

12. In each of the following, find the value of x correct to 3 significant figures.
求下列各題中 x 的值，準確至三位有效數字。
(a) 10 x  4
(b) 10 x  7

13. Find the values of the following common logarithms without using a calculator.
試不使用計算機，求下列各常用對數的值。
(a) log 10 000 000
(b) log 0.000 1

14. Find the values of the following logarithms without using a calculator.
試不使用計算機，求下列各對數的值。
(a) log 2 32
(b) log3 243

15. Find the values of the following expressions without using a calculator.
試不使用計算機，求下列各對數的值。
log 49
(a)
log 3 7
log 7 36
(b)
log 7 216

16. Find the values of the following expressions without using a calculator.
試不使用計算機，求下列各對數的值。
(a) log 25  log 40
(b) log3 189  log3 7

5 log x 3
17. Simplify , where x > 0 and x  1.
6 log x  log 3 x
5 log x 3
化簡 ，其中 x > 0 且 x  1。
6 log x  log 3 x

18. Solve 32 x1  16 and give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.
解 32 x1  16 ，並取答案準確至三位有效數字。

3
Question Bank

19. Given that log 2 = a and log 3 = b, express the following in terms of a and b.
已知 log 2 = a 及 log 3 = b，試以 a 和 b 表示下列各數式。
(a) log 6
(b) log 1800

20. Solve (log x) 2  log x  6  0 .

解 (log x) 2  log x  6  0 。

21. Solve 5 x1  3 x1 and give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.
解 5 x1  3 x1 ，並取答案準確至三位有效數字。

22. Solve the following logarithmic equations.

解下列各對數方程。
(a) log(3x  2)  2
(b) log( x  6)  log( x  8)  log 2

23. Given that the intensity level of the sound produced by a barking dog is 50 dB and that of a crying baby
is 45 dB. How many times is the intensity of the sound produced by the barking dog to that of the crying
baby? (Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
已知一隻狗的吠聲和一名嬰兒的哭聲的聲強級分別是 50 dB 和 45 dB。問狗的吠聲的聲強相當於嬰
兒的哭聲的多少倍？(答案須準確至三位有效數字。)

24. The strengths of earthquakes in City A and City B were measured 6 and 5.4 respectively on the Richter
scale. How many times is the strength of the earthquake in City A to that in City B? (Give your answer
correct to 3 significant figures.)
已知發生於 A 城和 B 城的地震的強度分別為黎克特制 6 級和 5.4 級。問 A 城的地震的強度
是

25. The sound intensity inside a concert hall is 3 times as that outside the concert hall. If the sound intensity
level outside the concert hall is 45 dB, find the sound intensity level inside the concert hall. (Give your
answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
已知演奏廳內的聲強是演奏廳外的 3 倍。若演奏廳外的聲強級是 45 dB，求演奏廳內的聲強級。(答
案須準確至三位有效數字。)

3 x
2x x 1 1
26. Solve 4  64   .
8
3 x
2x x 1 1
解 4  64   。
8

4
 5 Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

27. Simplify the following expression and express your answer with positive indices.
化簡下列各題，並以正指數表示答案。
1 1

1  27a  3 3
 
2
   3 8b
9  3 a7
 b 

1
28. Solve 6 log 2 ( x  1) 3  log 2 2 x  1.

1
解 6 log 2 ( x  1) 3  log 2 2 x  1 。

2
3 8
3 log 2    log 2
2
  27
29. Simplify .
log 2 3  log 2 2
2
3 8
3 log 2    log 2
化簡 2 27
。
log 2 3  log 2 2