Current Electricity
(2025)
1. Two wires P and Q are made of the same material. The wire Q has twice the
diameter and half the length as that of wire P. If the resistance of wire P is R, the
resistance of the wire Q will be (1 Marks) (2025)
(A) R
(B) R⁄2
(C) R⁄8
(D) 2R
2. A battery of emf E and internal resistance r is connected to a rheostat. When a
current of 2A is drawn from the battery, the potential difference across the rheostat
is 5V. The potential difference becomes 4V when a current of 4A is drawn from the
battery. Calculate the value of E and r. (2 Marks) (2025)
3. Two batteries of emf’s 3V & 6V and internal resistances 0.2 Ω & 0.4 Ω are
connected in parallel. This combination is connected to a 4 Ω resistor. Find:
(i) the equivalent emf of the combination
(ii) the equivalent internal resistance of the combination
(iii) the current drawn from the combination (3 Marks) (2025)
4. (i) A conductor of length l is connected across an ideal cell of emf E. Keeping the
cell connected, the length of the conductor is increased to 2l by gradually stretching
it. If R and R′ are initial and final values of resistance and vd and v′d are initial and
final values of drift velocity, find the relation between (i) R′ and R and (ii) v′d and vd.
(ii) When electrons drift in a conductor from lower to higher potential, does it mean
that all the ‘free electrons’ of the conductor are moving in the same direction?
(3 Marks) (2025)
5. A circuit consisting of a capacitor C, a resistor of resistance R and an ideal battery
of emf V, as shown in figure is known as RC series circuit.
As soon as the circuit is completed by closing key S₁ (keeping S₂ open), charges
begin to flow between the capacitor plates and the battery terminals. The charge on
the capacitor increases and consequently the potential difference (Vc = q/C) across
the capacitor also increases with time. When this potential difference equals the
potential difference across the battery, the capacitor is fully charged (Q = VC).
During this process of charging, the charge q on the capacitor changes with time t as
q = Q [1 − e–t/RC]
The charging current can be obtained by differentiating it and using:
Consider the case when R = 20 kΩ, C = 500 µF, and V = 10 V. (4 Marks) (2025)
(i) The final charge on the capacitor, when key S₁ is closed and S₂ is open, is
(A) 5 μC
(B) 5 mC
(C) 25 mC
(D) 0.1 C
(ii) For sufficient time the key S₁ is closed and S₂ is open. Now key S₂ is closed
and S₁ is open. What is the final charge on the capacitor?
(A) Zero
(B) 5 mC
(C) 2.5 mC
(D) 5 μC
(iii) The dimensional formula for RC is
(A) [M L² T⁻³ A⁻²]
(B) [M⁰ L⁰ T⁻¹ A⁰]
(C) [M⁻¹ L⁻² T⁴ A²]
(D) [M⁰ L⁰ T A⁰]
(iv) The key S₁ is closed and S₂ is open. The value of current in the resistor after 5
seconds, is
OR
(iv) The key S₁ is closed and S₂ is open. The initial value of charging current in the
resistor, is
(A) 5 mA
(B) 0.5 mA
(C) 2 mA
(D) 1 mA
Answers
1.
2.
Calculating the value of E
Calculating the value of r
E = V + Ir
In first case
E = 5 + 2r
In second case
E = 4 + 4r
After solving
E=6V
r = 0.5 Ω
3.
Finding
(i) Equivalent emf of combination
(ii) Equivalent internal resistance of combination
(iii) Current drawn from combination
I = 0.9 A
4.
(i) Finding the relation
(i) between R′ and R
(ii) v′d and vd.
(ii) To identify whether all free electrons are moving in the same direction.
Alternatively
(ii) No
5.
(i) (B) 5mC
(ii) (A) zero
(iii) (D) [M⁰ L⁰ T A⁰]
(iv)
OR
(iv) (B) 0.5 mA
(2024)
1. Consider the circuit shown in the figure. The potential difference between
points A and B is: (2024)
(A) 6 V
(B) 8 V
(C) 9 V
(D) 12 V
Ans. (B) 8 V
2. A galvanometer of resistance G Ω is converted into an ammeter of range 0 to IA.
If the current through the galvanometer is 0.1% of I A, the resistance of the
ammeter is: (2024)
(A) G/999 Ω
(B) G/1000 Ω
(C) G/1001 Ω
(D) G/100.1 Ω
Ans. (B) G/1000 Ω
3. Find the temperature at which the resistance of a wire made of silver will be
twice its resistance at 20°C. Take 20°C as the reference temperature and
temperature coefficient of resistance of silver at 20°C = 4.0 × 10 -3 K-1. (2024)
Ans. Finding the temperature
R = R0[1 + α(T - T0)]
R = 2R0 [Given]
2R0 = R0[1 + a(T - T0)]
On solving
T = T0 + 250
T = 270°C or 543K
(2024)
Ans. (a)
Current density is the amount of charge flowing per second per unit area normal
to the flow.
Alternatively:
𝑗 = I/A
It is a vector quantity.
5. What is a Wheatstone bridge ? Obtain the necessary conditions under which
the Wheatstone bridge is balanced. (2024)
Ans. Defining Wheatstone bridge
Obtaining balancing conditions
Alternatively:
If the figure is explained in words full credit to be given.
For loop ADBA:
–I1 R1 + I2 R2 + Ig G = 0 (1)
For loop CBDC:
I4R4 - I3 R3 - Ig G = 0 (2)
For balanced wheatstone bridge, Ig = 0
And by applying Kirchoff’s junction rule to junction D and B,
I1 = I3 & I2 = I4
From eqn (1) and (2)
