Tissue Repair Work
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ScribdTranslationsTissue Repair Work
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ScribdTranslationsBolivarian Republic of Venezuela
Ministry of Popular Power for Education
National Experimental University 'Francisco de Miranda'
National Training Program in Physiotherapy
Area: Alterations of the OMA systems
TISSUE REPAIR
Teacher:
High school graduate:
Gabriela Yedra Mariangela Gauna
30.059.135
Section "5"
Santa Ana de Coro, October 2021
Introduction
In the following work, the research on how is carried out the
tissue regeneration process, thus defining the phases in which it takes place
involuntary through the same responses of our organism, and about the complexity of
is demonstrating its sequential process on tissue wounds or injuries. Also in a
A fragment of the reading will define what tissue repairs are but for the bone tissue, which already
it is not done voluntarily but by means of a surgical intervention.
Previously, the duration time of the three phases and the healing process is mentioned.
this is where it is determined how the activity that cells perform in lesions of the
tissues, or skin as an example, in the face of the healing process that can be noticed when
to suffer a cut, and see how it gets restored or heals over time,
and how, depending on the circumstances, the appearance of the scar changes.
Of course, there will also be mention of some preventive and
recoveries for treatment during this process, regarding rehabilitation for a
professional physiotherapist is treated.
[Link]:
Angiogenesis: formation of new blood vessels.
Coagulation: the process by which blood loses its liquidity becoming a gel, for
to form a clot.
Collagen: a protein molecule or protein that forms fibers, providing structure to the skin and
strengthen the bones.
Fibroblasts: the most common type of cell found in connective tissue, secrete
collagen proteins.
Fibrosis: excessive development of fibrous connective tissue in an organ or tissue such as
consequence of a reparative or reactive process
Leukocytes: they are part of the body's immune system and help fight infections.
other diseases.
Macrophages: A type of white blood cell that surrounds microorganisms and destroys them, extracting the
dead cells and stimulates the action of other immune system cells.
Platelets: Blood cell of vertebrates, small and without a nucleus, that has a disc shape.
oval or round.
Proliferation: Reproduction or multiplication of any living organism, especially of the
cells.
Chemotaxis: a type of phenomenon in which bacteria and other cells of unicellular or
Multicellular organisms direct their movements according to the concentration of certain substances.
chemicals in their environment.
Tissue: animal and plant tissues, that is, an assembly of similar cells and their substance
intercellular, sharing the same function.
2. Tissue repair of bone tissue, soft tissues (healing):
The repair of bone tissues: it is about the technique or set of techniques
surgical procedures developed for obtaining a new regenerated bone with characteristics
identical to the bone that is needed. The objective of the procedure is to obtain a bone
vascularized in continuity with that of the host and presenting a morphology and properties
mechanics similar to the bone object of reconstruction, in the reconstruction of bone losses
traumatic or post-surgical. Practically, almost all interventions can be performed under
local anesthesia.
At the same moment that a fracture occurs or an osteotomy is performed, there
the repair or formation of a reparative callus begins at the expense of the hematoma initially
formed in “in situ”. The bone tissue is permanently subjected to a complete
remodeling, its structure is continuously perforated by a capillary vessel preceded by
osteoclasts (bone destructive cells), it forms new bone (osteoblasts) in its passage
that replaces the primitive bone, renewing it. The combination of both processes, repairing and
remodeling is the basis for achieving the formation of a callus through stretching
new regenerated bone, which at the end of the process will be identical to the bone on which it is performed
procedure.
The repair of soft tissues: it is a natural process that the body possesses and
It consists of a complex process that occurs when the skin or other tissues are repaired.
after an accidental injury, illness or surgical intervention. In this event,
the affected tissue progresses through three sequential phases that follow a patterned evolution and
predictable. The inflammation phase prepares the wound for healing; the proliferation phase
rebuilds the structures and strengthens the wound; and the maturation or remodeling phase
it modifies the scar tissue to its mature form. The duration of each phase varies to some extent.
degree, and the phases generally overlap.
3. Duration:
· The inflammatory phase begins the moment the injury occurs, and usually lasts
2-3 days.
· The proliferative phase of tissue repair begins at the end of the inflammatory phase.
approximately on the 4th day after the injury occurs – and it usually lasts 3 weeks.
· The remodeling or maturation phase is the last phase and it can last for years.
always depending on the severity of the injury.
4. Phases:
a) Inflammatory phase: Upon suffering an injury or wound, a process automatically begins.
of hemorrhage, once it occurs and in some way the skin is exposed, it appears in the
focus of the lesion; contaminating or infectious agents that will seek to compromise or delay the
healing process of the damage done; for this a series of processes occur:
Vasoconstriction: It is when the blood vessels that are located in the wound and that
they could have been damaged, they contract, with the aim of reducing bleeding and stopping the
hemorrhage.
Following the process of vasoconstriction, the process of vasodilation occurs, which is all
the opposite.
Vasodilation: it is when the blood vessels expand to allow the focus of
the injury reaches those agents that will help in the recovery of the wound.
Through the process of vasodilation and through a process called
Chemotaxis will bring to the injury some agents called macrophages, which are the
main protagonists of the inflammatory phase; the macrophage moves towards where the
infectious agents to eliminate them. Immediately the macrophage cleans the area.
a blood clot is formed, facilitated by the platelets, which also reach the
focus of the lesion through chemotaxis. Platelets aim to produce
new fibers, collagen and through the process known as angiogenesis give rise to new
arteries, that is, new blood vessels will be formed to replace those that have been
damaged.
Once all this has been done, automatically with the coagulation process, it
it stops the bleeding process, leukocytes or white blood cells will appear which are the
in charge of protecting the area of the injury and being vigilant to ensure that nothing occurs
infection in it.
b) Proliferative phase: It is characterized by the proliferation of fibroblasts in the area of the lesion.
which will be placed at each end of the wound on both sides to provide
start producing collagen and fibers, they will begin to intertwine, or to form like
a kind of net between each of the ends of the wound, with the aim of generating the
contraction of it, close it and allow what would properly be the scar. During this
It is very normal for the person to feel tension in the wound and to feel
pressure on her, since while the proliferative phase occurs, it somehow stretches the skin
and causes these symptoms to appear.
c) Remodeling phase: During this phase, the alignment process begins.
fibers, that is, all the fibers produced by the production of new collagen, begin to
align in the direction of the tissue or skin, to remodel the scar and make it as invisible as possible
possible. That is to say, it starts collagen production, where collagen is eliminated and generated.
for approximately a year or more until achieving the greatest possible healing of the wound.
5. Means of treatment in the physiological healing process:
· Inflammatory phase: During the treatment in this phase of tissue repair it is necessary to
follow the RICE protocol. To obtain a concise diagnosis, it is recommended to perform
an ultrasound after 48 hours have passed since the injury occurred.
· Proliferative phase: During physical therapy treatment, in this phase, it is necessary to avoid the
fibrosis and loss of physical condition. Physical activity on a bicycle should be prescribed,
pool, elliptical… along with exercises progressing from isometric to concentric and
eccentrics starting with pain-free ranges of motion to evolve to
complete ranks.
· Remodeling phase: During physiotherapy treatment, in this phase of repair
tissue, it is necessary to fully regain muscle strength by increasing the loads and
introducing plyometric and speed exercises along with functional work
depending on the type of patient we are treating.
Conclusion
After analyzing the information written in this work, it was observed that
For physiotherapists, it is essential to understand each process of tissue repair and know in what
what stage the patient is in at the time of the approach, as this will help us intervene
correctly when these injuries occur and take all necessary measures to
to be able to carry out a proper rehabilitation. It is also necessary to know the subject to clarify
any questions the patient may have.
Another fact that could be deduced is the difference between the tissue repair of the tissues.
bones and soft tissues, since on one hand, the bone tissues can be regenerated but on
through surgical techniques, while soft tissues respond naturally
as a kind of involuntary protection that the cells of our body perform, through
some complex processes that tend to take some time depending on the depth or
severity of the affected area.
Bibliography
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