CLASSIFICATION OF ATHLETICS:

Within athletics, there are various types of events. Thus, there are foot races.
(speed, middle distance, background, hurdles, cross country, relays...), the jumps of
length or height, the throws (shot put, javelin, hammer…), the athletic march, and the events
combined.

Track tests:

The history of athletics as a sports discipline can be as ancient as our own.

existence. Since the beginning of time, men have been chasing their prey.
trying to catch them, and the one who is faster, stronger, and has better aim becomes the
group leader.

Since then, the trajectory of this international sport has continued to evolve, from
the first Olympic Games in Olympia in 1222 BC until the present day. That is why,
from a HOW we teach you what the main athletics events of this century are.

Flat races:

It is a foot race that has a predetermined distance of 60, 100, 200, 400, and 800 m.
tracks. It is also common to hold races over 300 m and exceptionally they are held
races over other distances with other measurement systems, such as yards.

Speed

In athletics, the sprint is a foot race that has a maximum distance of

400 meters on tracks. A sprint athlete is called a sprinter.

200 meters race at the 2005 World Athletics Championship

In a racing setup, the athlete at the start is semi-upright on some

fixed supports on the track called "spikes"; thus, the runners exert force by pushing the
feet against these tacos placed behind the starting line. At the sound of the judge's gun
the athlete rushes onto the track and runs at maximum speed towards the finish line, being
fundamental a quick exit.

Standard distances

The distances run in official senior competitions are as follows:

60 meters (indoor track)

100 meters (outdoor)

200 meters

400 meters
In lower categories, it is common to run 300 meters instead of 400.

See also

Race (competition)

Athletics in the Olympic Games

World Athletics Championship

150 meters flat

Resistance:

What are endurance races? An endurance or long-distance race is considered

that test that exceeds 5 kilometers in distance. Therefore, practically the
the majority of events held outdoors on asphalt are considered tests
of resistance or long distance.
Medium background

Middle distance races or middle-distance events are a type of athletics competition that
consist of running distances ranging from 800 meters to 3000 meters,
only the 800 and 1500 m events are official in the Olympic Games

Fund

consist of running distances ranging from 800 meters to 3000 meters

Relays
It is known as relief the act and consequence of replacing one individual with another without
import from which activity, job or position it is concerned.

Obstacle races:

foot races of the current athletics, in which competitors must complete the
obstacles in the shortest possible time.

Fences

Obstacles Hurdle races are sprint races in which competitors must

overcome a series of wooden and metal barriers (or plastic and glass) called fences.
the distances of hurdle races, as well as the heights of the hurdles themselves, vary according to the
distance of the test, the sex and the age of the athletes.

At the beginning of the 19th century, competitors ran and jumped over each hurdle.
landing on both feet and controlling their forward movement. Currently, the
dominant step patterns are the 3-step pattern for high fences, the 7-step pattern for the
low fences and the 15 steps for the intermediate fences. Fences are a very
specialized in obstacle courses, and are part of the sport of athletics.

Field tests:
Most of the throws and jumps (called field tests) take place in the
area within the oval, and they are, long jump, triple jump, high jump,
pole vault, shot put, discus throw, javelin throw
hammer throw.

Jumps:

the standing jump, the lateral jump, the ventral or belly jump, and the supine jump which is the
Fosbury style

High

The high jump is an athletics event that aims to surpass a bar.

horizontal, called a beam, positioned at a certain height between two supports
Verticals separated by about 4 meters. The jumper starts their competition at the height that is...
timely and has three attempts to overcome it. Once the height is surpassed, the bar is
places 3, 4, 5 and sometimes 6 cm higher, depending on the competition regulations
that it will be contested, and the athlete has three new attempts to surpass it, being able to
resign at that level and request a higher one, and so on until incurring three.
consecutive failed attempts, which imply their elimination from this test.

The high jump in its men's category is part of the athletics program in the
Modern Olympic Games since their first edition in Athens 1896. The female category
made his debut at the Amsterdam Games in 1928.

Wide

The long jump or long leap is a current event in athletics that consists of covering the
maximum possible distance on the horizontal plane from a jump after a run. Shape
part of the athletics program in the Olympic Games in the men's category since its
first edition held in Athens 1896 and in the women's since London 1948. However,
this event had already been held in the Olympic Games in Ancient times at least since the year
708 B.C., included in the pentathlon event.

Triple

The triple jump or triple leap is an athletics event that falls under the category
of jumps. The men's event is part of the athletics program in the Olympic Games
since its first edition held in Athens in 1896. The women's event did not debut until the
26th edition held in Atlanta 1996.

In the World Athletics Championship, the men's event has been held since its first
edition, held in Helsinki in 1983. The women's event made its debut in the IV edition held
in Stuttgart 1993.

To perform a triple jump, a sequence of steps must be followed. The first is a jump with
the non-dominant leg, in the second one another jump is made repeating the first leg and in the
third, a leg switch is made, being the last push before falling into the
arena. The jump follows one of the two leg sequences: left, left, right and fall
to the right, right, left, and fall.

Garrocha
The pole vault, also called the vault with a pole, is an event in current athletics.
I aim to overcome a crossbar situated at a great height with the help of a
flexible pole (vaulting pole). This pole usually ranges from 4 to 5 meters in length and is usually
made of fiberglass and carbon, materials that replaced bamboo and metal in the decade
from 1960 consecutively.

Reasons for null attempt:

The bar does not stay on the supports due to the athlete's action during the jump.

The athlete or the pole touches the ground or the landing area beyond the vertical plane of the line.
superior of the top of the box, without crossing the ribbon.

After takeoff, place the lower hand over the upper one or move it towards
the height of the pole vault (the action of climbing the pole).

Hold, stabilize, or reposition the bar with your hand during the jump.

Delay in the execution of the attempt.

Launches:

The throwing disciplines in athletics are four: Shot Put, Discus, Hammer, and Javelin.
They are divided into two classes based on the technical execution of the throw: Rotation and
Translation. They can also be classified as Circular and Linear.

Bullet impulse

The shot put is a modern athletics event that consists of

throw a solid steel ball as far as possible.

The current men's world record is 23.37 m, achieved by the American Ryan.
Crouser, on June 18, 2021, in the women's category belongs to Natalia Lisovskaya with
a mark of 22.63 m since 1987 And in 1989 it was the first to belong to a story
extremely plural in front of the public

Javelin

The javelin throw is an athletics event in which, as its name indicates, it

throws a javelin, made of standard metal or fiberglass material, with the objective
that I get as far as possible.

The javelin throw is part of the athletics program of the Olympic Games.
the modern era since 1908.

Disco

The discus throw is an athletics event, where the objective is to throw an object.
heavy with a circular section. The disc is launched from a circle with a diameter of 2.50 m and must
land within a sector with an angle of 34° 92'. It is a wooden circle surrounded by metal;
For men, it has a diameter of 22 cm and a weight of 2 kg, while for women
It measures 18 cm and weighs 1 kg. It must be thrown with one hand. The throwing area is not the
same as in shot put, 2.50 m in discus, 2.15 m for shot put and hammer.
The event has been part of the athletics program in the Olympic Games since 1896 and the
World Athletics Championship since 1983.

Martillo
The hammer throw is a track and field event, in which, as its name suggests, it involves throwing a hammer.
throws an object called a hammer, which consists of a metal ball attached to a handle
through a steel cable, resulting in the winner being the one who sends it the farthest.

The throw is made from a circle with a diameter of 2.15 m, made of cement or a surface
similar, installed inside a safety cage, protected with nets. Three are carried out
releases, plus three more for the eight athletes with the best valid mark, or for all if they are
eight or less.

The men's hammer throw is part of the athletics program in

the Olympic Games since Paris 1900. As a women's event, it has been Olympic since the games of
Sydney 2000.

Combined tests:

Combined events are individual athletic competitions that are divided into events of
races, throws and jumps, which take place in one or two days depending on the category.
They are divided into one, two, three, four, or even five. Usually, they are held in sessions.
depending on the category of the athlete performing them.

Combined events are the only athletic modalities whose final result does not
express in physical units, otherwise in points. The partial results are scored according to the
tables of the International Athletic Federation. The athlete who achieves the highest number of wins prevails.
points reached upon completing all tests.

The combined events are quite diverse (pentathlon, heptathlon, etc.). The events
It often depends on whether they take place on an outdoor track or an indoor track.
For example, the men's heptathlon and the women's pentathlon take place on indoor tracks.
We highlight here only the two current Olympic modalities: Men's Decathlon and
Women's heptathlon.

Decathlon (men)

The decathlon is a combined athletics event that consists of ten events.

races, three throws and three jumps), is held over two consecutive days, following a
established order.

The men's decathlon has been part of the athletics program in the Olympic Games since
Stockholm 1912. The equivalent women's event is the heptathlon, which includes some
different tests

Pentathlon (men)

The modern pentathlon is an Olympic sport that consists of five events: fencing, swimming,
equestrian jumping, laser pistol shooting, and cross-country running.

Heptathlon (women)
The heptathlon is one of the combined events in athletics, the competition consists of seven
different disciplines that are carried out on two consecutive days and by the same athlete.

The women's heptathlon discipline was created in 1980, although its origins date back to
the Tokyo Olympics of 1964, when the pentathlon event was established. It is the
combined test for women included in the athletics program at the Olympic Games
and the IAAF World Athletics Championship.

There are two different types of heptathlon, depending on whether it is held indoors or outdoors.
open air.

Outdoor heptathlon:

This test is officially conducted in championships by female athletes. The first day is
they dispute the following tests and in this order:

100 m hurdles

High jump

Shot put

200 meters flat

On the second day:

Long jump

Javelin throw

800 meters flat

Indoor heptathlon

Men's event held in indoor track and field championships.

On the first day, the following events are contested in this order:

60 meters

Long jump

Shot put

High jump

On the second day:

60 meters of fences
Pole vault

1000 meters