Classifying Matter Name: ______________________________________
Period: _______Date: ________________
Fully answer the following questions.
1. Explain the difference between a pure substance and a homogeneous mixture. Give examples.
A pure substance has a definite composition, and a mixture does not. For example, water is always 2 atoms of
hydrogen bonded to 1 atom of oxygen. A homogeneous mixture may look like it has a definite composition, but
the particles are not chemically combined. For example, tea with sugar will vary in how much sugar is added, or
how strong the tea is, but it’s still called tea with sugar no matter the amount of the components.
2. Discuss the differences between a solid, liquid, and a gas by using the behavior of their particles.
Particles of a solid move very little and have the least amount of energy. Particles of a liquid move more and have
more energy, and particles of a gas move the most and have the most amount of energy. In a solid, particles are
packed very close together and can only vibrate in place. Particles of a liquid can move around other particles,
flow, and have more space between them than a solid. Particles of a gas are spread out as far from each other as
the container will allow and move very fast. The force of attraction between solids is very strong, keeping them
packed together. The force of attraction between gas particles is almost zero.
3. Why can’t calcium, Ca, be broken down into a simpler substance?
Calcium is an element, and elements are composed of atoms. Atoms are the basic unit of matter that retains the
properties of the element.
Identify
4. Identify the following as an element, compound, or a mixture. (E,C,M)
M a) vinegar (5% acetic acid) M d) seawater
C b) NaOH C e) table salt
M c) brass E f) silver
5. Identify the following as a Pure Substance (PS) or a Mixture (M).
M a) sugar water PS d) chlorine M g) pure air
M b) soil PS e) oxygen M h) rocky road ice cream
PS c) iron PS f) alcohol M i) air
6. Identify the following as a heterogeneous mixture (HE) or a homogeneous mixture (HO).
HE a) strawberry ice cream HE d) dusty air HE g) oil & vinegar
HO b) black coffee HO e) steel HO h) pewter
HO c) soft drink HE f) spaghetti sauce HE i) concrete
Multiple Choice
D 7. When separating a mixture using the property of size, which of the following separation methods would you use?
a) magnetism b) distillation c) evaporation d) filtration
B 8. Which of the following can be decomposed by a chemical reaction?
a) Ne b) CO2 c) Zn d) Na
Particle Drawings
9. Make a particle drawing of the compound MgCl2. Include a 10. Make a particle drawing of mixture of a diatomic
key to show which particles are Mg and which are Cl. element and a compound.
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