Carbon and its compounds
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Which of the following are correct structural isomers of butane?
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (ii)
(d) (iii) and (iv)
2. In which of the following compounds, -OH is the functional group?
(a) Butanol
(b) Butanone
(c) Butanoic acid
(d) Butanal
3. Identify and name the functional group present in the following compounds.
(a) Alcohol, carboxylic acid, ketone, double bond
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(b) Alcohol, ketone, double bond, carboxylic acid
(c) Ketone, Alcohol, carboxylic acid, double bond
(d) Carboxylic acid, double bond, alcohol, ketone
4. The hydrocarbon which has alternate single and double bonds arranged in the form of a ring
is: (a)C6H12 (b)C6H14 (c) C6H6 (d) C6H10
5. The number of covalent bonds in hexane(C6H14) is:
(a) 5 (b) 12 (c) 17 (d) 18
6. The correct representation of covalent bonding in an oxygen molecule is:
7. Consider the structures of three cyclic hydrocarbons A, B and C given below and select the
correct option from the following.
(a) A and C are isomers of hexane and B is benzene.
(b) A is an isomer of hexane, Bis benzene and C is an isomer of hexane.
(c) A is a saturated cyclic hydrocarbon and B and C are unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons.
(d) A is cyclohexane, B and C are isomers of benzene.
8. When ethanol reacts with sodium two products are formed. These products are:
(a) Sodium ethanoate and oxygen
(b) Sodium ethanoate and hydrogen
(c) Sodium ethoxide and oxygen
(d) Sodium ethoxide and hydrogen
9. The number of isomers formed by the hydrocarbon with molecular formula C 5H12 is:
(a) 2 (b)5 (c)3 (d) 4
C
10. 3 8H belongs to the homologous series of
(a) Alkynes
(b) Alkenes
(c) Alkanes
(d) Cyclo alkanes
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ASSERTION-REASONING QUESTIONS
For the following questions, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other
labelled Reason(R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options
(i) , (ii), (iii) and (iv)as given below:
(i) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(ii) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(iii) A is true but R is false.
(iv) A is false but R is true
11. Assertion: C3H8 and C4H10 are the successive members of alkane homologous
series. Reason: Successive members in a homologous series differ by CH3 unit.
12. Assertion: Most of the carbon compounds are good conductors of
electricity. Reason: They do not dissociate to form ions and remain as
molecules.
13. Assertion: Carbon shows maximum catenation property in the periodic
table. Reason: Carbon has small size and thus forms strong c-c bonds.
14. Assertion: Soaps are not suitable for washing purpose when water is
hard. Reason: Soaps have relatively weak cleansing action.
ONE MARK QUESTIONS
15. Name an element other than carbon which exhibits catenation. Are these compounds stable?
16. Write the name and formula of third member of the series of carbon compounds whose
general formula is CnH2n.
17. Write the name and molecular formula of the fifth member of alkane series.
18. Write the molecular formula of an alkyne containing 6 atoms of hydrogen.
19. Name the functional group present in this compound- CH3COCH2CH2CH2CH3
TWO MARKS QUESTIONS
20. (a) What are hydrocarbons? Give examples.
(b) Give the structural differences between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons with
two examples each.
21. Draw the electron dot structure for ethanoic acid
22. Define the term structural isomerism. Explain why propane cannot exhibit this property.
23. Write the molecular formula of first two members of homologous series having functional group-Cl.
24. Explain why carbon generally forms compounds by covalent bonds.
THREE MARKS QUESTIONS
25. (i) Select saturated hydrocarbons from the following: -
C3H6, C5H10, C4H10, C6H14, C2H4
(ii) Select alkene and alkyne from the following: -
C6H12, C3H4, C2H4, CH4, C4H8, C5H8
26. Give reason why carbon neither forms C4+ cations nor C4- anions, but forms covalent
compounds which are bad conductors of electricity and have low melting and boiling points.
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27. Give reasons for the following:
(i) Element carbon forms compounds mainly by covalent bonding.
(ii) Graphite is a good conductor of electricity.
28. Write the molecular formula of the following compounds and draw their electron dot structures.
(a) Ethane (b) Ethene (c)Ethyne
PREVIOUS YEAR BOARD QUESTIONS
29. Soaps and detergents are both, types of salts. State the difference between the two. Write the
mechanism of the cleansing action of soaps. Why do soaps not form lather (foam) with hard
water? Mention any two problems that arise due to the use of detergents instead of soaps.
30. C3H6, C4H8 and C5H10 belong to the same homologous series.
(i) Why the melting and boiling points of C5H10 is higher than C4H8?
(ii) Arrange these hydrocarbons in order of increasing boiling points.
31. The melting and boiling points of carbon compounds are generally low and they are largely
non- conductors of electricity. State two conclusions based on these two properties.
32. Write the formula and molecular mass of the third homologue of alcohols. State how the
boiling point of an alcohol changes as one moves from lower to higher homologues.
33. Identify the functional groups present in the following and name them.
FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS
34. Carry out the following conversions, stating the condition(s) for each:
(i) Ethanol→ Ethene
(ii) Ethene→ Ethane
(iii) Ethane →Chloroethane
(iv) Ethanol →Ethanoic acid
(v)Ethanoic acid → Ethyl ethanoate
35. (a) With the help of diagram, show the formation of micelles, when soap is applied on oily dirt.
(b) Take two test tubes X and Y with 10ml of hard water in each. In test tube X add few drops of
soap solution and in test tube Y add a few drops of detergent solution. Shake both the test
tubes for the same period of time.
(i) In which test tube the formation of the foam will be more? Why?
(ii) In which test tube is a curdy solid formed? Why?
36. A saturated organic compound 'A' belongs to the homologous series of alcohols.
On heating 'A' with concentrated sulphuric acid at 443 K, it forms an unsaturated compound 'B' with
molecular mass 28 u.
The compound 'B' on addition of one mole of hydrogen in the presence of Nickel, changes to a
saturated hydrocarbon 'C'.
(i) Identify A, B and C.
(ii) Write the chemical equations showing the conversion of A into B.
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(iii) What happens when compound C undergoes combustion?
(iv) State one industrial application of hydrogenation reaction.
(v) Name the products formed when compound A reacts with sodium.
37. An acid 'X' and an alcohol Y react with each other in the presence of an acid catalyst to form a
sweet-smelling substance Z. Identify X, Y and Z. Write the chemical equation for the reaction
involved and name it. The substance Z on treatment with sodium hydroxide produces back the
alcohol Y and sodium ethanoate. Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved and name
it, giving justification for the name.
CASE STUDY/PASSAGE BASED QUESTIONS
38. Carbon is a versatile element that forms the basis of all living organisms and many of the things
we use. A large variety of compounds is because of its tetravalency. Compounds of carbon are
formed with oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur, chlorine and many other elements.
Answer the following questions:
(a) What are hydrocarbons?
(b) List two properties by virtue of which carbon can form a large number of compounds.
(c) (i) Write the formula of the functional group present in (1) aldehydes and (2) ketones. Write
chemical equation for the reaction that occurs between ethanoic acid and ethanol in the presence
of a catalyst.
OR
(c)(ii) What are structural isomers? Write the structures of two isomers of butane.
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