32 8.

SR: Make a list of his major works:

Chapter 33
Radical Modernists

1. (813) All six composers in this chapter "began writing

____ music in the late _____ styles, but then found their
own voice.

2. What is the meaning of atonality? 9. "The principle of _____ helps explain how Schoenberg's
music would evolve."

3. What is the twelve-tone method?

10. (815) SR: What's his position in the first paragraph?

4. Name the three works in the first paragraph of "Tonal

Works" and name the influential composer.
11. SR: What's the essence of the second section?

12. Explain "the emancipation of dissonance."

5. What compositional technique did he employ in his first
string quartet, Op. 7, D minor? What is the structure?
13. (816) What were the three elements of Schoenberg's
musical organization?

6. (814) SR: Schoenberg was born in ____, the son of a

______ shopkeeper. He began playing ___ at age 8.
When he was __ he became a bank clerk to help support 14. Schoenberg's first atonal piece was written in 19__. It's
his mother and family. He met the composer ______ and one of __ poems from ______, op. 15, by the _____ poet
married his sister, _______. They moved to ____ where ________.
he worked in a cabaret. Richard Strauss got him a job at
the _________. Two years later he returned to Vienna.
He began atonality in 19__. He was a painter in the
_____ school. 15. What analysis method works best with atonal music?

16. (817) What other method could be used for this piece?

7. SR: After WW I he founded/directed the __________.

Between 19__ and 19__ the society gave approximately 17. What are the pieces he completed in 1909?
___ performances. He started the twelve-tone method in
19__. His wife died and a year later he married ______.
(He fathered __ children.) The Nazis came into power in
19__. Although Schoenberg had converted to _____, he
converted back. From 19__, he taught at _____. He was 18. How many singers in Erwartung?
forced to retire in 1944 because ________. He died on
July __, 1951, a triskaidekaphobiac.
19. (818) SR: Two artists of expressionism are _____ and
____. They sought to portray the ____ soul, which is
what Sigmund Freud was working on.

Burkholder/Grout/Palisca, Ninth Edition, Chapter 33

20. How did he imitate Mahler's orchestration? 30. (823) What are the tonal works?

21. What are the musical characteristics of expressionism?

31. (824) Schoenberg was appreciated by

theorists/musicologists/composers, but not by audiences.
The author apologizes for the length of this section and I
agree that it's necessary. Schoenberg is more important
22. (819) _______ (Moonstruck Pierrot), 19__, is a cycle of for his ideas than his works.
__ songs by the Belgian _____ poet, Albert _____. The 32. Who are the members of the Second Viennese School?
work is for ____ and ____performers who play ___
instruments.
33. Berg's atonal opera ____ is based on a play by _____.
What's the story?

23. What is Sprechstimme?

34. (825) He organizes the music through the use of ______.

24. (820) "Each poem has a ____." Schoenberg provides a

variant of the ____ but at the same ____. 35. How is the first act structured?

25. What are some of the earlier forms that S. included in

this work?

36. The second act?

26. What are the two terms for the basis of 12-tone
technique? What are the four forms?
37. The third act?

27. (821) What are the 12-tone works cited?

38. (827) Berg's 12-tone style allows for tonal sound in the
way he writes his series. Could you reconstruct the series
for the violin concerto at the bottom of the page?
28. Example [Link] rows are usually numbered 0 through
11 instead of 1 through 12. Set theory is 0-11. The
author is probably counting the twelve pitches for you. 39. Go back and pick up his works in the first paragraph.
You need to count 0-11. In some more recent analysis
methods P-0 is the series that begins on C rather than the
original set and that is derived from set theory. This
example begins on E so P-0 is E and not P-4 of the new 40. Example 32.5. (0258)? (0148)? (0246)?
way.

29. Dividing the 12-tones into 3 groups of 4 notes is called

what? (823) When divided into 2 groups of 6 notes? TQ:
When divided into 4 groups of 3 notes? TQ: What's it
called when the last half of "I-5" has all the same notes
as "P-0"? TQ: What is the term for "reordering the notes
within the tetrachord"? 41. (828) Webern was studying ____ under _____ at _____
and earned a ____ in 1906.

© 2014, 2009, 2007, 2001, 2000 Ted A. DuBois

33 53. (831) SR: He was born near ______ in a well-to-do
family. He began piano lessons at age ___, but never
42. What are Webern's premises? _____. His most important teacher was _____. He
married his _____, ____, at age __ and had ___ children.

54. SR: Who was the choreographer? Dancer?

43. What is the title of Webern's lectures?

55. SR: He moved to Paris in 19__, Switzerland in __, back
to Paris in ___, to America in ___.
44. What did he consider the move to 12-tone music?

56. SR: What's his second period? How did he earn a living
45. Name his works. How long does it take to perform all his (besides composition)? Who's the next choreographer?
music?

57. SR: His next wife was _____. He lived in _____, close
to ____ and ____. What's his concerto? What's his last
neo-classical work?

46. (829) What is pointillism? 58. SR: Who was his assistant from 19__? What's his last
style? Then where did he move to? Buried where?

47. What are the other traits? 59. SR: Make a list of his the works.

48. What is the melodic structure of his symphony?

49. What is Klangfarbenmelodie?

60. (832) What was the name of his first compositional
period?
50. The symphony has a ____ form. Instead of first
theme/second theme he has _____. The development
section has a ____, and the recapitulation is like the
exposition except that _______, though the rows are the 61. Name the ballets, the impresario, the company.
same, which is analogous to the ______ key.

51. Though of little importance musically, Webern was the 62. The "Petrushka" paragraph illustrates how Stravinsky
model for composers after WW II. used the traits of #52.
52. (830) What are Stravinsky's traits? 63. (833) What is the Petrushka chord?

64. From the last paragraph on p. 833 ("Despite") the author

elaborates on the traits of #52.
65. (834) SR: Florent Schmitt was a French composer, and,
later, music critic. He was 12 years older than
Stravinsky.
66. (835) Note that timbre was linked to motives and their
variations.

Burkholder/Grout/Palisca, Ninth Edition, Chapter 33

67. (836) What is the instrumentation of L'histoire? 78. SR: Besides composing, what else did Bartok do?

79. SR: His parents were ___. He began piano lessons at age
68. In 19__, S. wrote the ballet ____, based on the music of ___, composing at ___. He went to the ____ in _____.
____, and the ____. This is the beginning of the ___
period. It's important to note "chamber music" style.
80. SR: In 19__ he began collecting folk songs. In 19__ he
began teaching piano at the RAM. In 19__ he married
his student ____. In 19__ a son was born. In 19__ he
69. Neoclassic includes the ___ and ___ periods, or, if you married another, younger student ___ and a year later
prefer, music of the __th century. The term "Baroque" there was another son. In 19__ he left the RAM and went
was widely used after 19__. to the ____ to join ____. In 19__ he moved to America.
He died in 1945 of _____.

70. (837) What is S's anti-Romantic tone?

81. (840) SR: List his works.

71. Would you be able to talk about the influences of
neoclassicism for the Piano Sonata, Symphony in C,
Symphony in Three Movements, The Rake's Progress,
Concerto for Piano and Winds, Dumbarton Oaks
Concerto, Mavra, The Fairy's Kiss, Orpheus, the Octet
for Wind Instruments?

82. (841) Bartok synthesized __ music with European ___

tradition.

72. The example cited is his Symphony of Psalms (1930) 83. Bartok played the ___. He started composing at an early
based on the _______. (838) It uses an ___ scale. age and learned through the composers:

73. (837) E is established as tonic by ____. (838) The music

is not tonal, but _____.
84. He collected folk music with _____. He published nearly
____ song/dance tunes from which countries? He used a
74. (838) What's the new term for 12-tone music? recording device (described as an acoustic cylinder
machine).

75. What are S's 12-tone works?

85. (842) SR: What are the three methods of incorporating

peasant music into one's own compositional methods?

76. (839) Why was Stravinsky important? 86. (843) Bluebeard's Castle is an one-act opera that
combines _____ with influences from ______.

87. Allegro barbaro (1911) treated the piano as what?

88. The works that reached the end of dissonance and tonal
77. (840) What were his writings? ambiguity are _____.

© 2014, 2009, 2007, 2001, 2000 Ted A. DuBois

34 101. What are the four spheres? Who taught him the last one?
The next paragraphs expound the spheres.
89. What are the other works of the decade?

102. (848) SR: Charles Ives was born in Connecticut. He

90. What are the better-known works? studied music with ___. At __ he became the youngest
professional church ___ in the state. He went to college
at ___ and studied with ____.

91. Describe the Mikrokosmos (1929-39).

103. SR: He moved to ___, worked as a ___, got a job in the
____ business, and lived in an apartment called "Poverty
92. What elements are common to both peasant and classical Flat." When his cantata _____ failed, he formed a
music? partnership in _____. He started the idea of _____ and
____.

93. What are the classical traits? Peasant?

104. SR: He married _____ and then composed most of his

music during the 1910s. He had serious health problems
in 1918, and though he didn't die until 1954, his output
94. (845) The Music for Strings demonstrates a tonal center was slowed.
and the use of the ____ interval. The melodies are based
on motives
105. SR: What did he self-publish?

95. Hungarian tunes use ____ phrases and repeat ___ with
slight variations (such as _____). Bulgarian dance tunes
____ a rhythmic/melodic motive. Bulgarian music is 106. SR: Name his major works.
_____; Hungarian is in a ____ mode.

96. What are the structural elements of each movement?

107. (849) What is polytonality?

108. Processional for chorus and organ explores _____.

Scherzo: All the Way Around and Back (ca. 1908)
97. (846) Bulgarian dance meters feature ___ rather than explores ______.
_____. Identify the different meters.

109. (850) What is the instrumentation of The Unanswered

Question (1908)? The strings play in __ major; the other
98. An ornamented, partly chromatic melody is instruments are ____.
characteristic of _______ song. _______ has a
speechlike style in free tempo.
110. In his second symphony, Ives borrowed from _______,
transitional passages from ______, and modeled the
99. What are some of the Bartokian traits. form on ______.

100. (847) Bartok took classical music as his model and 111. What works are based on American hymn tunes?
realized his own style.

Burkholder/Grout/Palisca, Ninth Edition, Chapter 33

112. Explain "cumulative form."

113. (851) SR: What is Ives's point?

114. What are the programmatic pieces? Who are the authors
for the Concord sonata?

115. (852) What is the philosophical work?

116. What is stylistic heterogeneity? The example is ____.

117. (853) Ives was isolated as a composer. He arrived at

techniques that Stravinsky and Schoenberg used but
without knowing them or their works.

118. (854) Mozart et alia appealed to both amateur and

connoisseurs; modernists appealed to _____.

119. What was offensive to earlier generations is now more

accepted. Examples are Bartok's Music for Strings in the
movie ____; Webern's Five Pieces for Orchestra; Ives's
The Unanswered Question in ______.

© 2014, 2009, 2007, 2001, 2000 Ted A. DuBois