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Solved Practical Part 4-OOP

The document outlines a class hierarchy for a library management system using object-oriented programming principles. It includes a base class LibraryItem and two derived classes, Book and Magazine, demonstrating inheritance, polymorphism, constructors, destructors, and function overloading. The provided C++ code illustrates the implementation of these concepts through class definitions and a main function that showcases the functionality.

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8 views3 pages

Solved Practical Part 4-OOP

The document outlines a class hierarchy for a library management system using object-oriented programming principles. It includes a base class LibraryItem and two derived classes, Book and Magazine, demonstrating inheritance, polymorphism, constructors, destructors, and function overloading. The provided C++ code illustrates the implementation of these concepts through class definitions and a main function that showcases the functionality.

Uploaded by

zainzeeshan192
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Solved Practical Part 4

OOP

Question 6:

Design a simple class hierarchy for a library management system using object-oriented
principles.​
Your design should include at least:

●​ A base class LibraryItem with appropriate attributes and methods.​

●​ Two derived classes: Book and Magazine.​

●​ Demonstrate the use of constructors, destructors, and function overloading.​

●​ Show how inheritance and polymorphism are applied in your design.​

Solution:

Question 1: Library Management System Class Hierarchy


C++ Solution:
cpp
CopyEdit
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

// Base class
class LibraryItem {
protected:
string title;
int id;
public:
LibraryItem(string t, int i) : title(t), id(i) {
cout << "LibraryItem constructor called for: " << title <<
endl;
}

virtual void display() {


cout << "Title: " << title << ", ID: " << id << endl;
}

virtual ~LibraryItem() {
cout << "LibraryItem destructor called for: " << title <<
endl;
}
};

// Derived class - Book


class Book : public LibraryItem {
string author;
public:
Book(string t, int i, string a) : LibraryItem(t, i), author(a) {}

void display() override {


cout << "[Book] Title: " << title << ", Author: " << author <<
", ID: " << id << endl;
}
};

// Derived class - Magazine


class Magazine : public LibraryItem {
int issueNumber;
public:
Magazine(string t, int i, int issue) : LibraryItem(t, i),
issueNumber(issue) {}

void display() override {


cout << "[Magazine] Title: " << title << ", Issue: " <<
issueNumber << ", ID: " << id << endl;
}
};

// Function overloading
void printItemDetails(LibraryItem &item) {
[Link]();
}

void printItemDetails(LibraryItem *item) {


item->display();
}

// Main
int main() {
Book b1("The Great Gatsby", 101, "F. Scott Fitzgerald");
Magazine m1("Time", 202, 48);

printItemDetails(b1);
printItemDetails(&m1);

return 0;
}

Concepts Used:

●​ Inheritance: Book and Magazine inherit from LibraryItem.​

●​ Polymorphism: display() is a virtual function, demonstrating runtime polymorphism.​

●​ Constructors & Destructors: Each class uses constructors and destructors with output.​

●​ Function Overloading: printItemDetails() is overloaded by type of argument.​

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