Government of Pakistan

National Vocational and Technical Training Commission

Prime Minister’s Hunarmand Pakistan Program

"Skills for All"

Course Contents / Lesson Plan

Course Title: BLOCKCHAIN
Duration: 6 Months

Revised Edition
Course Title
BLOCKCHAIN
Objectives and Employable skills and hands-on practice for Blockchain
Expectations
Blockchain is radically improving supply chains, banking and other business
networks, as well as creating new opportunities for innovation.
Blockchain technology provides a dynamic shared ledger that can be applied
to save time when recording transactions between parties, remove costs
associated with intermediaries, and reduce risks of fraud and tampering.
Businesses contain many examples of networks of individuals and
organizations that collaborate to create value and wealth. These networks
work together in markets that exchange assets in the form of goods and
services between the participants.
This is a special course designed to address unemployment in the youth. The
course aims to achieve the above objective through hands on practical training
delivery by a team of dedicated professionals having rich market/work
experience. This course is therefore not just for developing a theoretical
understanding/back ground of the trainees. Contrary to that it is primarily
aimed at equipping the trainees to perform commercially in a market space in
independent capacity or as a member of a team.
The course therefore is designed to impart not only technical skills but also soft
skills (i.e interpersonal/communication skills; personal grooming of the trainees
etc) as well as entrepreneurial skills (i.e. marketing skills; free lancing etc.).
The course also seeks to inculcate work ethics to foster better citizenship in
general and improve the image of Pakistani work force in particular

Main Expectations:
In short, the course under reference should be delivered by professional
instructors in such a robust hands-on manner that the trainees are comfortably
able to employ their skills for earning money (through wage/self-employment)
at its conclusion.
This course thus clearly goes beyond the domain of the traditional training
practices in vogue and underscores an expectation that a market-centric
approach will be adopted as the main driving force while delivering it. The
instructors should therefore be experienced enough to be able to identify the
training needs for the possible market roles available out there. Moreover, they
should also know the strengths and weaknesses of each trainee to prepare
them for such market roles during/after the training.

i. Specially designed practical tasks to be performed by the trainees have

been included in the Annexure-I to this document. The record of all
tasks performed individually or in groups must be preserved by the
management of the training Institute clearly labeling name, trade,
session, etc so that these are ready to be physically inspected/verified
through monitoring visits from time to time. The weekly distribution of
tasks has also been indicated in the weekly lesson plan given in this
document.
ii. To materialize the main expectations, a special module on Job Search
& Entrepreneurial Skills has been included in the latter part of this
course (5th & 6th month) through which, the trainees will be made aware
of the Job search techniques in the local as well as international job
2 | Blockchain Programming
 markets (Gulf countries). Awareness around the visa process and
immigration laws of the most favored labor destination countries also
form a part of this module. Moreover, the trainees would also be
encouraged to venture into self-employment and exposed to the main
requirements in this regard. It is also expected that a sense of civic
duties/roles and responsibilities will also be inculcated in the trainees to
make them responsible citizens of the country.
iii. A module on Work Place Ethics has also been included to highlight the
importance of good and positive behavior in the workplace in the line
with the best practices elsewhere in the world. An outline of such
qualities has been given in the Appendix to this document. Its
importance should be conveyed in a format that is attractive and
interesting for the trainees such as through PPT slides +short video
documentaries. Needless to say that if the training provider puts his
heart and soul into these otherwise non-technical components, the
image of the Pakistani workforce would undergo a positive
transformation in the local as well as international job markets.
To maintain interest and motivation of the trainees throughout the course,
modern techniques such as:
• Motivational Lectures
• Success Stories
• Case Studies
These techniques would be employed as an additional training tool wherever
possible (these are explained in the subsequent section on Training
Methodology).
Lastly, evaluation of the competencies acquired by the trainees will be done
objectively at various stages of the training and a proper record of the same
will be maintained. Suffice to say that for such evaluations, practical tasks
would be designed by the training providers to gauge the problem-solving
abilities of the trainees.

(i) Motivational Lectures

The proposed methodology for the training under reference employs
motivation as a tool. Hence besides the purely technical content, a trainer is
required to include elements of motivation in his/her lecture. To inspire the
trainees to utilize the training opportunity to the full and strive towards
professional excellence. Motivational lectures may also include general topics
such as the importance of moral values and civic role & responsibilities as a
Pakistani. A motivational lecture should be delivered with enough zeal to
produce a deep impact on the trainees. It may comprise of the following:

 Clear Purpose to convey the message to trainees effectively.

 Personal Story to quote as an example to follow.
 Trainees Fit so that the situation is actionable by trainees and not
represent a just idealism.
 Ending Points to persuade the trainees on changing themselves.

A good motivational lecture should help drive creativity, curiosity, and spark
the desire needed for trainees to want to learn more.
The impact of a successful motivational strategy is amongst others commonly
visible in increased class participation ratios. It increases the trainees’

3 | Blockchain Programming
 willingness to be engaged on the practical tasks for a longer time without
boredom and loss of interest because they can see in their mind's eye where
their hard work would take them in short (1-3 years); medium (3 -10 years) and
long term (more than 10 years).

As this tool is expected that the training providers would make arrangements
for regular well planned motivational lectures as part of a coordinated strategy
interspersed throughout the training period as suggested in the weekly lesson
plans in this document.
Course-related motivational lectures online link is available in Annexure-II.

(ii) Success Stories

Another effective way of motivating the trainees is using Success Stories. Its
inclusion in the weekly lesson plan at regular intervals has been recommended
till the end of the training.
A success story may be disseminated orally, through a presentation, or using
a video/documentary of someone that has risen to fortune, acclaim, or brilliant
achievement. A success story shows how a person achieved his goal through
hard work, dedication, and devotion. An inspiring success story contains
compelling and significant facts articulated clearly and easily comprehendible
words. Moreover, it is helpful if it is assumed that the reader/listener knows
nothing of what is being revealed. The optimum impact is created when the
story is revealed in the form of:-
 Directly in person (At least 2-3 cases must be arranged by the training
institute)
 Through an audio/ videotaped message (2-3 high-quality videos must
be arranged by the training institute)
It is expected that the training provider would collect relevant high-quality
success stories for inclusion in the training as suggested in the weekly lesson
plan given in this document.
Suggestive structure and sequence of a sample success story and its various
shapes can be seen in Annexure III.

(iii) Case Studies

Where a situation allows, case studies can also be presented to the trainees to
widen their understanding of the real-life specific problem/situation and to
explore the solutions.
In simple terms, the case study method of teaching uses a real-life case
example/a typical case to demonstrate a phenomenon in action and explain
theoretical as well as practical aspects of the knowledge related to the same. It
is an effective way to help the trainees comprehend in depth both the
theoretical and practical aspects of the complex phenomenon in depth with
ease. Case teaching can also stimulate the trainees to participate in
discussions and thereby boost their confidence. It also makes the classroom
atmosphere interesting thus maintaining the trainee interest in training till the
end of the course.
Depending on suitability to the trade, the weekly lesson plan in this document
may suggest case studies be presented to the trainees. The trainer may adopt
a PowerPoint presentation or video format for such case studies whichever is
deemed suitable but only those cases must be selected that are relevant and
of a learning value.
The Trainees should be required and supervised to carefully analyze the
4 | Blockchain Programming
 cases.
For this purpose, they must be encouraged to inquire and collect specific
information/data, actively participate in the discussions, and intended solutions
to the problem/situation.
Case studies can be implemented in the following ways: -
i. A good quality trade-specific documentary ( At least 2-3
documentaries must be arranged by the training institute)

ii. Health &Safety case studies (2 cases regarding safety and

industrial accidents must be arranged by the training institute)

iii. Field visits( At least one visit to a trade-specific major industry/

site must be arranged by the training institute)
Entry-level of
trainees Intermediate
Learning Skills to Learn how the individual components of the Bitcoin protocol make the
Outcomes of whole system works: transactions, script, blocks, and the peer-to-peer network
the course
Course The total duration of the course: 6 months (26 Weeks)
Execution Plan Class hours: 4 hours per day
Theory: 20%
Practical: 80%
Weekly hours: 20 hours per week (5 days a week)
Total contact hours: 520hours
Companies  DevProvider.
offering jobs in  RNS Solutions.
the respective  TechCreatix.
trade  HireNinja.
 Block360.
 Ideofuzion Pvt Ltd.
 HTML Pro.
 Bazingo Inc.
 IBM.
 Voatz and many more
Job Blockchain is one of the fastest-growing technology in the market, and a large
Opportunities number of banking, insurance, and tech giants have been deploying numerous
blockchain solutions

No of Students 25
Learning Place Classroom / Lab
Instructional ● [Link]
Resources ● [Link]
● [Link]
● [Link]
● [Link]
● [Link]
● [Link]
● [Link]
analytics-training/#showmoreoverview50339330

5 | Blockchain Programming
 MODULES

Scheduled Module Title Learning Units Remarks

Week

Week 1 Introduction to ● Motivational Lecture TASK1

( For further detail please see
Blockchain
Annexure: II) Details may
be seen at
● Introduction to Blockchain -Learning
Annexure-I
Outcomes

● Course Introduction

● Definition and Applications

● Positive and Negative Applications

● Cryptocurrency Issues

● Trust Computing

● Bitcoin Blockchain - Learning

Week 2 Introduction to ● Success stories TASK 2

( For further detail please see
Blockchain
Annexure: III) TASK 3
● Distributed Consensus,
Details may
be seen at
● Concepts of Cryptography
Annexure-I
● Symmetric Key Algorithm

● Public Key Cryptography

● Introduction to Blockchain - Lesson

Summary

Week 3 Properties of ● Motivational Lecture TASK 4

( For further detail please see
Blockchain
Annexure: II) TASK 5
● Properties of Blockchain - Learning

6 | Blockchain Programming
 Outcomes TASK 6

● Hash Function Details may

be seen at
● Hash Pointers and Data Structures Annexure-I

● Digital Signatures

● Blockchain Platform Implementation

Week 4 Properties of ● Success stories Task 7

( For further detail please see
Blockchain
Annexure: III) Details may
be seen at
● How to Create a Ledger of
Annexure-I
Transactions

● How Validation Codes Work

1st Monthly
● Generating Public Keys Test at end

● Hash Pointers and Blockk Rewards of month

(Week-4)
Properties of Blockchain-Lesson
Summary

Week 5 Bitcoin Blockchain ● Motivational Lecture TASK 8

( For further detail please see
Annexure: II) TASK 9
● Bitcoin Blockchain - Learning
Details may
Outcomes be seen at
Annexure-I
● Introduction to Bitcoin

● Decentralization in Blockchain

Consensus Mechanism

Week 6 Bitcoin Blockchain ● Success stories TASK 10

( For further detail please see
Annexure: III) TASK 11
● Blockchain Growth Dynamics
Details may
be seen at

7 | Blockchain Programming
 ● Working Principles of Bitcpin Annexure-I

● Running Nodes and Block Rewards

● Incentive Mechanism

Week 7 Bitcoin Blockchain ● Motivational Lecture TASK 12

( For further detail please see
Annexure: II) Details may
be seen at
● Proof of Work Properties
Annexure-I
● Summary of Previous Lectures

● Nature of Bitcoin

● Bitcoin Blockchain - Lesson Summary

Week 8 Bitcoin Blockchain ● Success stories TASK 13

( For further detail please see
Annexure: III) Details may
be seen at
● Blockchain Mechanics - Learning
Annexure-I
Outcomes
2nd
● Bitcoin Blockchain Mechanics Monthly

● Bitcoin Transactions Test at end

of month
● Bitcoin Scripting Language (Week-8)

Week 9 Blockchain ● Motivational Lecture TASK 14

( For further detail please see
Mechanics
Annexure: II) TASK 15
● Application of Bitcoin Scripts
Details may
be seen at
● Bitcoin Blocks and Network
Annexure-I
● Blocks and Nodes

● Forking

Week 10 Blockchain ● Success stories TASK 16

( For further detail please see
Mechanics
Annexure: III) Details may
be seen at
8 | Blockchain Programming
 ● Hard Fork Annexure-I

● Intraduction to Ethereum Blockchain

● Ethereum Insight

● Blockchain Mechanics-Lesson

Week 11 Ethereum Blockchain ● Motivational Lecture TASK 17

( For further detail please see
Annexure: II) Details may
be seen at
● Ethereum Blockchain - Learning
Annexure-I
Outcomes

● Smart Contracts

● Ethereum Networks

● Ethereum Design Principles

● Accounts and UTXOS

● Storing Blocks on The Blockchain

Week 12 Ethereum Blockchain ● Success stories TASK 18

( For further detail please see
Annexure: III) TASK 18A
● Creating Contracts
Details may
be seen at
● Ethereum Overview
Annexure-I
● Collection of On Chain Smart
Contracts

● Contract Creation Analysis

● Security of Ethereum

● Ethereum Blockchain-Lesson
Summary

Build your CV Download professional CV template from any

good site ([Link] or
relevant)

9 | Blockchain Programming
  Add Personal Information
 Add Educational details
 Add Experience/Portfolio
 Add contact details/profile links

Week 13 Mid-Term Assignment/Exam

Week 14 Permission and ● Motivational Lecture TASK 19

Permissionless ( For further detail please see
Annexure: II) TASK 20
Blockchain
● Permission and Permissionless
Details may
Blockchain - Learning Outcomes be seen at
Annexure-I
● Blockchain for Business

● Hyper Ledger Project

● Hyper Ledger Consesus

Week 15 Permission and ● Success stories TASK 21

( For further detail please see
Permissionless
Annexure: III) TASK 21A
Blockchain
● Hyper Ledger Fabric Model
Details may
be seen at
● Order-Execute Paradigm
Annexure-I
● Trust Modules and Fabric Blockchain

● Overview of Hyper Ledger Fabric and

Order-Execute Paradigm

Create an account Create an account by following these steps:

profile on Fiverr (at Step 1: Personal Info
least two gigs) and
Step 2: Professional Info
Upwork
Step 3: Linked Accounts

Step 4: Account Security

Week 16 Permission and ● Success stories TASK 22

Permissionless ( For further detail please see
Annexure: III) TASK 23

10 | Blockchain Programming
 Blockchain ● Limitations of Order-Everute Daradiam Details may
be seen at
● State Machine Replication Annexure-I

● SMR Requirements and 3rd Monthly

Implementation Test at end

of month
● Permission and Permissionless
(Week-16)
Blockchain- Lesson Summery

Week 17 Blockchain ● Motivational Lecture TASK 24

( For further detail please see
Applications
Annexure: II) Details may
be seen at
● Blockchain Applications-Learning
Annexure-I
Outcomes

● Byzantine Tolerance and Fabric

Overview

● Endersement Policy and Fabric

Transactions

● Introduction to Internet of Things

Internet of Things

Week 18 Blockchain ● Success stories TASK 25

( For further detail please see
Applications
Annexure: III) Details may
be seen at
● How IOT Works
Annexure-I
● Tangle in Place of Blockchain

● Tangle Simulations I

● Tangle Simulations II

● Corda Blockchain

Week 19 Blockchain ● Motivational Lecture TASK 26

( For further detail please see
Applications
Annexure: II) TASK 27

11 | Blockchain Programming
 ● Blockchain Services Features of Corda Details may
Blockchain be seen at
Annexure-I
● Corda Ledger

● Blockchain Applications - Lesson

Summary

Week 20 Blockchain Overview ● Success stories TASK 28

( For further detail please see
Annexure: III) TASK 29
● Blockchain Overview - Learing
Details may
Outcomes be seen at
Annexure-I
● Overview of Blockchain 1.0
4th Monthly
● Algorand Test at end

● Blockchains 20 and 3.0 of month

(Week-20)

Week 21 Employable ● Motivational Lecture TASK21

( For further detail please see
Project/Assignment
Annexure: II) Details may
(6 weeks (i.e 21-26) be seen at
● Guidelines to the Trainees for
in addition to regular Annexure-I
selection of students employable
classes.
project like final year project (FYP)

● Assign Independent project to each

Trainee

● A project based on trainee’s aptitude

and acquired skills.

● Designed by keeping in view the

emerging trends in the local market as
well as across the globe.

● The project idea may be based on

Entrepreneur.

12 | Blockchain Programming
 ● Leading to the successful employment.

● The duration of the project will be 6

weeks

● Ideas may be generated via different

sites such as:

[Link]

[Link]

[Link]

[Link]
science-and-engineering-cse-project-
topics-ideas-for-students/

● Final viva/assessment will be

conducted on project assignments.

● At the end of session the project will

be presented in skills competition

● The skill competition will be conducted

on zonal, regional and National level.

● The project will be presented in front of

Industrialists for commercialization

Week 22 Blockchain Overview ● Success stories TASK 31

( For further detail please see
Annexure: III) TASK 31A
● IOTA and KSI Blockchains
Details may
be seen at
● Applications using Blockchain
Annexure-I
● Land Records and Corda

● Hyper Ledger Fabric

13 | Blockchain Programming
 How to search and  Browse the following website and
apply for jobs in at create an account on each website
 [Link] – The Middle East
least two labor Leading Job Site
marketplace  Monster Gulf – The International
Job Portal
countries (KSA,
 Gulf Talent – Jobs in Dubai and
UAE, etc.) the Middle East
 Find the handy ‘search’ option at the
top of your homepage to search for the
jobs that best suit your skills.
 Select the job type from the first ‘Job
Type’ drop-down menu, next, select
the location from the second drop-
down menu.
 Enter any keywords you want to use to
find suitable job vacancies.
 On the results page you can search for
part-time jobs only, full-time jobs only,
employers only, or agencies only. Tick
the boxes as appropriate to your
search.
 Search for jobs by:
 Company
 Category
 Location
 All jobs
 Agency
● Industry

Week 23 Blockchain Overview ● Motivational Lecture TASK 32

( For further detail please see
Annexure: II) TASK 34
● Application Design and Workflow
Details may
be seen at
● Blockchain Misconceptions I
Annexure-I
● Blockchain Misconceptions II

● Blockchain Overview - Lesson

Summary

Week 24 Intro to Machine ● Success stories TASK 34

( For further detail please see
Learning (EDA)
Annexure: III) Details may
be seen at

14 | Blockchain Programming
 ● Outlier Detection on Pandas Annexure-I

● Introduction to Feature Engineering

● Handling Categories

● Visualizing Data using Matplotlib

Week 25 Intro to Machine ● Motivational Lecture TASK 35

( For further detail please see
Learning (Modelling)
Annexure: II) Details may
be seen at
● Python Scikit-learn Library
Annexure-I
● Classification

● Regression

● Clustering

● Feature Selection

● Evaluating Models

● Class Exercise

● Feature Selection

● Evaluating Models

● Class Exercise

Week 26 Entrepreneurship ● Success stories TASK 36

( For further detail please see
and Final
Annexure: III) Details may
Assessment in be seen at
● Job Market Searching
project Annexure-I
● Self-employment

● Freelancing sites

● Introduction

15 | Blockchain Programming
 ● Fundamentals of Business Development

● Entrepreneurship

● Startup Funding

● Business Incubation and Acceleration

● Business Value Statement

● Business Model Canvas

● Sales and Marketing Strategies

● How to Reach Customers and Engage

CxOs

● Stakeholders Power Grid

● RACI Model, SWOT Analysis, PEST

Analysis

● SMART Objectives

● OKRs

● Cost Management (OPEX, CAPEX,

ROCE etc.)

● Final Assessment

16 | Blockchain Programming
 Annexure-I:

Tasks For Certificate in Blockchain programming

Task
Task Description Week
No.
Blockchain Programming
Bitcoin transactions Consider the steps involved in processing Bitcoin Week-1

1 transactions. Which of these steps are computationally

expensive?
Transaction If you’re an entity validating many transactions (say, a Week-2
validation:
2 miner) what data structure might you build to help
speed up verification?
Bitcoin script For the following questions, you’re free to use non- Week-2
standard transactions and op codes that are currently

3 disabled. You can use as a shorthand to represent

data values pushed onto the stack. For a quick
reference, see here: [Link]
ScriptPubKey Write the Bitcoin ScriptPubKey script for a transaction Week-3

4 that can be redeemed by anybody who supplies a

square root of 1764.
ScriptSig script Write a corresponding ScriptSig script to redeem your Week-3
5
transaction.
RSA factoring Suppose you wanted to issue a new RSA factoring Week-3
challenge
challenge by publishing a transaction that can be
redeemed by anybody who can factor a 1024-bit RSA
6
number (RSA numbers are the product of two large,
secret prime numbers). What difficulties might you run
into?
Bitcoin script II Alice is backpacking and is worried about her devices Week-4
containing private keys getting stolen. So she would

7 like to store her bitcoins in such a way that they can be

redeemed via knowledge of only a password.
Accordingly, she stores them in the following

17 | Blockchain Programming
Task
Task Description Week
No.
ScriptPubKey address: OP_SHA1
OP_EQUALVERIFY. c. Would implementing this using
Pay-to-script-hash (P2SH) fix the security issue(s) you
identified? Why or why not?
ScriptSig Write a ScriptSig script that will successfully redeem Week-5
8
this transaction. [Hint: it should only be one line long.]
protect Bitcoins Explain why this is not a secure way to protect Bitcoins Week-5
9
using a password
Bitcoin script III. Write a ScriptPubKey that requires demonstrating a Week-6
SHA-256 collision to redeem. b. (Hard) write a
10
corresponding ScriptSig that will successfully redeem
this transaction.
Burning and What are some ways to burn bitcoins, i.e., to make a Week-6
encoding
transaction unredeemable? Which of these allow a
proof of burn, i.e., convincing any observer that no one
11
can redeem such a transaction? [Hint: you have more
control over the contents of the transaction “out” field
than might at first appear.]
burnt bitcoins What are some ways to encode arbitrary data into the Week-6
12
block chain? Which of these result in burnt bitcoins?
JavaScript code One user encoded some JavaScript code into the Week-7
into the block chain
13 block chain. What might have been a motivation for
doing this?
Green addresses: One problem with green addresses is that there is no Week-9

14 punishment against double-spending within the Bitcoin

system itself.
GreenCoin you decide to design an altcoin 99 called “GreenCoin” Week-9
that has built-in support for green addresses. Any

15 attempt at double spending from addresses (or

transaction outputs) that have been designated as
“green” must incur a financial penalty in a way that can

18 | Blockchain Programming
Task
Task Description Week
No.
be enforced by miners. Propose a possible design for
GreenCoin
SPV proofs: Suppose Bob the merchant runs a lightweight client Week-10
and receives the current head of the block chain from

16 a trusted source. b. Estimate how many bytes this

proof will require. Assume there are 1024 transactions
in each block.
Adding new Assess whether the following new features could be Week-11
features
17 added using a hard fork or a soft fork: a. Adding a new
OP_SHA3 script instruction.
prove that their What information should Bob’s customers provide to Week-12
payment to Bob
prove that their payment to Bob has been included in
18
the block chain? Assume Bob requires 6
confirmations.
Build your CV Download professional CV template from any good
site ([Link] or relevant)
 Add Personal Information
18A  Add Educational details
 Add Experience/Portfolio
 Add contact details/profile links

OP_SHA1 Disabling the OP_SHA1 instruction Week-14

19
instruction
UTXOs A requirement that each miner include a Merkle root of Week-14
20
unspent transaction outputs (UTXOs) in each block
Outputs sorted A requirement that all transactions have their outputs Week-15
21
sorted by value in ascending order
Create an account Create an account by following these steps:
profile on Fiverr (at Step 1: Personal Info
21A least two gigs) and Step 2: Professional Info
Upwork Step 3: Linked Accounts
Step 4: Account Security
Hard fork The most prominent Bitcoin hard fork was a transient Week-16

22 one caused by the version 0.8 bug. How many blocks

were abandoned when the fork was resolved?

19 | Blockchain Programming
Task
Task Description Week
No.
Soft fork The most prominent Bitcoin soft fork was the addition Week-16

23 of pay-to-script-hash. How many blocks were

orphaned because of it?
Heuristic(s) Bitcoin clients go into “safe mode” when they detect Week-17

24 that the chain has forked. What heuristic(s) could you

use to detect this?
Proof of reserve. Transparent Exchange claims that it controls at least Week-18
500,000 BTC and wants to prove this to its customers.
25
To do this it publishes a list of addresses that have a
total 128 balance of 500,000 BTC.
Transparent It then signs the statement “Transparent Exchange Week-19
Exchange
controls at least 500,000 BTC” with each of the
corresponding private keys, and presents these

26 signatures as proof. What are some ways in which

Transparent Exchange might be able to produce such
a proof even if it doesn’t actually currently control
500,000 BTC?
exchange to cheat How would you modify the proof to make it harder for Week-19
27
the exchange to cheat?
Proof of liabilities. Transparent Exchange implements a Merkle Tree Week-20
based protocol to prove an upper bound on its total
deposits. (Combined with a proof of reserve, this
proves that the exchange is solvent.) Every customer
is assigned a leaf node containing an ID which is the
hash of her username and a value which is her BTC

28 balance. The protocol specifies that Transparent

Exchange should propagate IDs and values up the
tree by the following recursive definition — for any
internal node: [Link] = node.left_child.value +
node.right_child.value [Link] =
Hash(node.left_child.id ‖ node.right_child.id ‖
[Link]) The exchange publishes the root ID and

20 | Blockchain Programming
Task
Task Description Week
No.
value, and promises to prove to any customer that her
node is included in the tree (by the standard Merkle
tree proof of inclusion).
Transaction fees. Alice has a large number of coins each of small value Week-20
v, which she would like to combine into one coin. She
constructs a transaction to do this, but finds that the
transaction fee she’d have to spend equals the sum of

29 her coin values. Based on this information (and the

default transaction fee policy specified in slide 50),
estimate v. Can Alice somehow consolidate her coins
without incurring any transaction fee under the default
policy?
Transaction fees II Compared to a fee structure that doesn’t factor the age Week-21
of the inputs into the transaction fee, what effect might
30
the current default fee structure have on the behavior
of users and services?
Multi-signature BitCorp has just noticed that Mallory has compromised Week-22
wallet
one of their servers holding their Bitcoin private keys.
Luckily, they are using a 2-of-3 multi-signature wallet,
so Mallory has learnt only one of the three sets of
31
keys. The other two sets of keys are on 129 different
servers that Mallory cannot access. How do they re-
secure their wallet and effectively revoke the
information that Mallory has learned?
How to search and  Browse the following website and create an
apply for jobs in at account on each website
least two labor  [Link] – The Middle East Leading Job
marketplace Site
countries (KSA,  Monster Gulf – The International Job
31A UAE, etc.) Portal
 Gulf Talent – Jobs in Dubai and the
Middle East
 Find the handy ‘search’ option at the top of your
homepage to search for the jobs that best suit
your skills.

21 | Blockchain Programming
Task
Task Description Week
No.
 Select the job type from the first ‘Job Type’
drop-down menu, next, select the location from
the second drop-down menu.
 Enter any keywords you want to use to find
suitable job vacancies.
 On the results page you can search for part-
time jobs only, full-time jobs only, employers
only, or agencies only. Tick the boxes as
appropriate to your search.
 Search for jobs by:
 Company
 Category
 Location
 All jobs
 Agency
Industry
BitCorp If BitCorp uses a 2-out-of-2 instead of a 2-out-3 wallet, Week-23
what steps can they take in advance so that they can
recover even in the event of one of their servers
32
getting broken into (and Mallory not just learning but
also potentially deleting the key material on that
server)?
Exchange rate Speculate about why buying bitcoins in person is Week-23
generally more expensive than buying from an online
exchange. Moore and Christin observe that security
33
breaches and other failures of exchanges have little
impact on the Bitcoin exchange rate. Speculate on why
this might be.
Payments. A Bitcoin payment service might receive thousands of Week-24
34
payments from various users near-simultaneously.
payment protocol How can it tell whether a particular user Alice who Week-25

35 logged into the payment service website and initiated

the payment protocol actually made a payment or not?
BitcoinLotto: Suppose the nation of Bitcoinia has decided to convert Week-26

36 its national lottery to use Bitcoin. A trusted scratch-off

ticket printing factory exists and will not keep records

22 | Blockchain Programming
Task
Task Description Week
No.
of any values printed. Bitcoinia proposes a simple
design: a weekly run of tickets is printed with an
address holding the jackpot on each ticket. This allows
everybody to verify the jackpot exists. The winning
ticket contains the correct private key under the
scratch material. What might happen if the winner finds
the ticket on Monday and immediately claims the
jackpot? Can you modify your design to ensure this
won’t be an issue? Some tickets inevitably get lost or
destroyed. So you’d like to modify the design to roll
forward any unclaimed jackpot from Week n to the
winner in Week n+1. Can you propose a design that
works, without letting the lottery administrators
embezzle funds? Also make sure that the Week n
winner can’t simply wait until the beginning of Week
n+1 to attempt to double their winnings.

23 | Blockchain Programming
 Annexure-II:

What is freelancing and how you can make money online - BBCURDU

[Link]

What Is the Role of Good Manners in the Workplace? By Qasim Ali Shah | In Urdu

[Link]

Hisham Sarwar Motivational Story | Pakistani Freelancer

[Link]

21 Yr Old Pakistani Fiverr Millionaire | 25-35 Lakhs a Month Income | Interview

[Link]

Success Story of a 23 Year - Old SEO Expert | How This Business Works | Urdu Hindi
Punjabi

[Link]

Failure to Millionaire - How to Make Money Online | Fiverr Superhero Aaliyaan Success
Story

[Link]

24 | Blockchain Programming
Annexure-II
SUGGESTIVE FORMAT AND SEQUENCE ORDER OF MOTIVATIONAL
LECTURE.
Mentor
Mentors are provided an observation checklist form to evaluate and share their observational
feedback on how students within each team engage and collaborate in a learning environment.
The checklist is provided at two different points: Once towards the end of the course. The
checklists are an opportunity for mentors to share their unique perspective on group dynamics
based on various team activities, gameplay sessions, pitch preparation, and other sessions, giving
insights on the nature of communication and teamwork taking place and how both learning
outcomes and the student experience can be improved in the future.

Session- 1 (Communication):
Please find below an overview of the activities taking place Session plan that will support your
delivery and an overview of this session’s activity.

Session- 1 OVERVIEW
Aims and Objectives:
 To introduce the communication skills and how it will work
 Get to know mentor and team - build rapport and develop a strong sense of a team
 Provide an introduction to communication skills
 Team to collaborate on an activity sheet developing their communication, teamwork, and
problem-solving
 Gain an understanding of participants’ own communication skills rating at the start of the
program

Activity: Participant Time Teacher Time Mentor Time

Intro Attend and
contribute to the
scheduled.
Understand good
communication skills
and how it works.
Understand what good
communication skills
mean
Understand what skills
are important for good
communication skills
Key learning Resources: Enterprise skills
outcomes: developed:
 Understand the  Podium  Communication
communication skills  Projector  Self Confidence
and how it works.  Computer  Teamwork

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 Understand what  Flip Chart
communication skills  Marker
mean
 Understand what
skills are important
for communication
skills

Schedule Mentor Should do

Welcome: Short welcome and ask the Mentor to introduce him/herself.
5 min Provide a brief welcome to the qualification for the class.
Note for Instructor: Throughout this session, please monitor the
session to ensure nothing inappropriate is being happened.
Icebreaker: Start your session by delivering an icebreaker, this will enable
10 min you and your team to start to build rapport and create a team
presentation for the tasks ahead.
The icebreaker below should work well at introductions and
encouraging communication, but feel free to use others if you
think they are more appropriate. It is important to encourage
young people to get to know each other and build strong team
links during the first hour; this will help to increase their
motivation and communication throughout the sessions.
Introduction & Onboarding: Provide a brief introduction of the qualification to the class and
20mins play the “Onboarding Video or Presentation”. In your introduction
cover the following:
1. Explanation of the program and structure. (Kamyab jawan
Program)
2. How you will use your communication skills in your
professional life.
3. Key contacts and key information – e.g. role of teacher,
mentor, and SEED. Policies and procedures (user agreements
and “contact us” section). Everyone to go to the Group Rules tab
at the top of their screen, read out the rules, and ask everyone to
verbally agree. Ensure that the consequences are clear for using
the platform outside of hours. (9am-8pm)
4. What is up next for the next 2 weeks ahead so young people
know what to expect (see pages 5-7 for an overview of the
challenge). Allow young people to ask any questions about the
session topic.
Team Activity Planning: MENTOR: Explain to the whole team that you will now be
30 minutes planning how to collaborate for the first and second collaborative
Team Activities that will take place outside of the session. There
will not be another session until the next session so this step is
required because communicating and making decisions outside
of a session requires a different strategy that must be agreed
upon so that everyone knows what they are doing for this activity
and how.
 “IDENTIFY ENTREPRENEURS” TEAM ACTIVITY
 “BRAINSTORMING SOCIAL PROBLEMS” TEAM

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 ACTIVITY”
As a team, collaborate on a creative brainstorm on social
problems in your community. Vote on the areas you feel most
passionate about as a team, then write down what change you
would like to see happen.
Make sure the teams have the opportunity to talk about how they
want to work as a team through the activities e.g. when they
want to complete the activities, how to communicate, the role of
the project manager, etc. Make sure you allocate each young
person a specific week that they are the project manager for the
weekly activities and make a note of this.
Type up notes for their strategy if this is helpful - it can be
included underneath the Team Contract.

Session Close: MENTOR: Close the session with the opportunity for anyone to
5 minutes ask any remaining questions.
Instructor:
Facilitate the wrap-up of the session. A quick reminder of what is
coming up next and when the next session will be.

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MOTIVATIONAL LECTURES LINKS.

TOPIC SPEAKER LINK

Informatica CEO [Link]
CEO: The
Business Of
Big Data
Taking On Talend CEO [Link]
Big Data
How to Face Qasim Ali Shah [Link]
Problems In
Life
How To Krish Naik [Link]
Prepare For
Applying
Freelancing
Jobs For
Data Science
Big Data and [Link]
AI in Small Bernard Marr
Business
Just Control Qasim Ali Shah [Link]
Your
Emotions
How to Qasim Ali Shah [Link]
Communicate
Effectively
Your Tony Robbins [Link]
ATTITUDE is Les Brown David
Everything Goggins Jocko
Willink Wayne
Dyer Eckart Tolle
Control Your Jim Rohn [Link]
EMOTIONS Les Brown
TD Jakes
Tony Robbins
Defeat Fear, Shaykh Atif [Link]
Build Ahmed
Confidence
Wisdom of Learn Kurooji [Link]
the Eagle
The Power of Titan Man [Link]
ATTITUDE
STOP Arnold [Link]
WASTING Schwarzenegger
TIME
Risk of Denzel [Link]
Success Washington

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 Annexure-III
SUCCESS STORY*

S. No Key Information Detail/Description

1. Self & Family background Mr Usman is a computer Engineering graduate from

UET with distinction and also a founder of DsPortal (A
Data Science Growth Platform). He has 5+ years of
experience in providing IT training and has been
attached to key institutes since then. He holds a master
in data science and has 3 international publications in
Machine Learning/Data Science
If at first, you don’t succeed, try try again

2. How he came on board Form UET(NAVTTC partner institute)

NAVTTC Training/ or got
trained through any other
source

3. Post-training activities Usman area of expertise is in Big Data. In his first

month using Fiverr, he pitched mostly for projects
centered around logo designing. But it wasn’t so simple.
In the first few weeks, he didn’t hear back from even a
single client, despite pitching for dozens of projects.

“I needed to understand what worked, so I read blogs,

participated in forums, and analyzed profiles of
successful freelancers. It was an uphill struggle, but I
didn’t want to give up,” he explains.

Usman says he understands why clients would be

apprehensive giving projects to untested freelancers.
They have hundreds of options to choose from, he
explains, and to give a project to someone with no
experience requires a strong leap of faith.

A slow stream of projects started to come Usman way.

Within a few months, he was landing an average of a
hundred projects every month, with a large number of
repeat clients. He also expanded the range of his
professional services, Mirpur, threatened to derail his
freelancing career. “Sometimes I haven’t had
connectivity for two days straight,” he explains. “That’s
unthinkable for someone who makes his livelihood on
the internet.”

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4. Message to others Take the training opportunity seriously
Impose self-discipline and ensure regularity
(under training) Make Hard work pays in the end so be always ready for
the same.

*Example pattern

Note: Success story is a source of motivation for the trainees and can be presented in several
ways/forms in a NAVTTC skill development course as under: -

1. To call a passed out successful trainee of the institute. He will narrate his success story to
the trainees in his own words and meet trainees as well.
2. To see and listen to a recorded video/clip (5 to 7 minutes) showing a successful trainee
Audio-video recording that has to cover the above-mentioned points.*
3. The teacher displays the picture of a successful trainee (name, trade, institute,
organization, job, earning, etc) and narrates his/her story in the teacher’s own motivational
words.

* The online success stories of renowned professional can also be obtained from Annex-II

30 | Blockchain Programming
 Annexure-IV:
Workplace/Institute Ethics Guide

Work ethic is a standard of conduct and values for job performance. The modern definition of what
constitutes good work ethics often varies. Different businesses have different expectations. Work
ethic is a belief that hard work and diligence have a moral benefit and an inherent ability, virtue, or
value to strengthen character and individual abilities. It is a set of values-centered on the
importance of work and manifested by determination or desire to work hard.

The following ten work ethics are defined as essential for student success:

1. Attendance:
Be at work every day possible, plan your absences don’t abuse leave time. Be punctual
every day.
2. Character:
Honesty is the single most important factor having a direct bearing on the final success of
an individual, corporation, or product. Complete assigned tasks correctly and promptly.
Look to improve your skills.
3. Team Work:
The ability to get along with others including those you don’t necessarily like. The ability to
carry your weight and help others who are struggling. Recognize when to speak up with an
idea and when to compromise by blend ideas together.
4. Appearance:
Dress for success set your best foot forward, personal hygiene, good manner, remember
that the first impression of who you are can last a lifetime
5. Attitude:
Listen to suggestions and be positive, accept responsibility. If you make a mistake, admit it.
Values workplace safety rules and precautions for personal and co-worker safety. Avoids
unnecessary risks. Willing to learn new processes, systems, and procedures in light of
changing responsibilities.
6. Productivity:
Do the work correctly, quality and timelines are prized. Get along with fellows, cooperation
is the key to productivity. Help out whenever asked, do extra without being asked. Take
pride in your work, do things the best you know-how. Eagerly focuses energy on
accomplishing tasks, also referred to as demonstrating ownership. Takes pride in work.

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 7. Organizational Skills:
Make an effort to improve, learn ways to better yourself. Time management; utilize time and
resources to get the most out of both. Take an appropriate approach to social interactions
at work. Maintains focus on work responsibilities.
8. Communication:
Written communication, being able to correctly write reports and memos.
Verbal communications, being able to communicate one on one or to a group.
9. Cooperation:
Follow institute rules and regulations, learn and follow expectations. Get along with fellows,
cooperation is the key to productivity. Able to welcome and adapt to changing work
situations and the application of new or different skills.
10. Respect:
Work hard, work to the best of your ability. Carry out orders, do what’s asked the first time.
Show respect, accept, and acknowledge an individual’s talents and knowledge. Respects
diversity in the workplace, including showing due respect for different perspectives,
opinions, and suggestions.

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