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? Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Notes

The document provides structured notes on Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), covering core concepts such as classes, objects, encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism. It outlines principles of OOP like DRY, modularity, reusability, maintainability, and security, along with advantages like easier maintenance and code reusability. Real-world examples illustrate these concepts, making the notes suitable for revision and exams.

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vihanvishalwani2005
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26 views3 pages

? Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Notes

The document provides structured notes on Object-Oriented Programming (OOP), covering core concepts such as classes, objects, encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism. It outlines principles of OOP like DRY, modularity, reusability, maintainability, and security, along with advantages like easier maintenance and code reusability. Real-world examples illustrate these concepts, making the notes suitable for revision and exams.

Uploaded by

vihanvishalwani2005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Got it 👍 You want notes on Object-Oriented Programming (OOP).

I’ll prepare clear, structured notes covering the core concepts, principles, and examples.

📝 Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Notes


1. Introduction
Programming Paradigm: Organizes code around objects instead of functions.

Object: Instance of a class, represents real-world entities with attributes (data) and behaviors
(methods).

Class: Blueprint/template for creating objects.

2. Key Concepts of OOP


2.1 Class

Blueprint for objects.

Defines attributes (variables) and methods (functions).

java

class Car {
String color;
void drive() { [Link]("Car is driving"); }
}

2.2 Object

Instance of a class.

java

Car myCar = new Car(); // object creation


[Link] = "Red";
[Link]();

2.3 Encapsulation

Wrapping data (variables) and methods (functions) together.


Data hiding using private, and accessing via getters & setters.

java

class Student {
private String name;
public void setName(String n) { name = n; }

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public String getName() { return name; }
}

2.4 Abstraction

Showing essential features while hiding implementation details.

Achieved via abstract classes and interfaces.

java

abstract class Shape {


abstract void draw();
}

2.5 Inheritance

Mechanism of acquiring properties from another class.


Promotes code reusability.

java

class Vehicle { void start() {} }


class Bike extends Vehicle { }

2.6 Polymorphism

Many forms → same method name, different behaviors.

Compile-time (Overloading): Same method, different parameters.

Run-time (Overriding): Child class redefines parent method.

java

class Shape {
void draw() { [Link]("Drawing shape"); }
}
class Circle extends Shape {
void draw() { [Link]("Drawing circle"); }
}

3. Principles of OOP
1. DRY (Don’t Repeat Yourself) – Avoid duplication.
2. Modularity – Code divided into independent objects.

3. Reusability – Inheritance and polymorphism allow reuse.

4. Maintainability – Encapsulation makes changes easier.

5. Security – Data hiding prevents unauthorized access.

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4. Advantages of OOP
Easier to understand and maintain.
Supports modular design.

Promotes code reusability.

Makes large projects manageable.

5. Real-world Examples
Car: Class → Properties (color, speed), Methods (drive, brake).
Bank Account: Encapsulation (private balance), Methods (deposit, withdraw).

Shapes: Abstraction (Shape → Circle, Rectangle).

✅ This is a concise OOP notes set suitable for revision and exams.
Do you want me to also make a one-page condensed version (cheat sheet) with diagrams (like class-
object relation, inheritance tree)?

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