Chapter

8
Continuity X a X

Infinite Discontinuity Jump Discontinuity Removable Discontinuity

Discontinuity Delights: Infinity, Leaps, and Holes
An infinite discontinuity happens when the function goes towards infinin
negative infinity and creates vertical lines that the graph gets closer and
closer to. Ajump discontiuity is when the graph makes a sudden jump
gap at a certain point. A removable discontinuity is like a hidden hole in or
graph that can be filled to make the function continuous. the

Chapter Outline
I8.1 Continuity of a function at a point
I8.2
Discontinuity of a function and types of discontinuity
i8.3 Algebra of continuous functions, Continuity in an interval, on a domain and of some standard
functions

Quick Review
Continuous function: Non Removable Discontinuity:
A function f (x) is said to be continuous If lim f (*) = lim f(x),
at x = a, x’a
if lim f(x) =f(a)
then fx) is said to be non-removable
ie., lim f(ah) = lim f(a + h) =f(a)
h’0 h->0
discontinuous.
i.e., L.H.L at a = R.H.L at a = f(a) Continuity in an Interval:
ii. If the graph of a function has no break or gap or i. A function f (x) is said to be continuous in an
jump, then it is said to be continuous. open interval (a, b), if it is continuous at every
point in (a, b)
Discontinuous function: A function f (x) is said to be continuous in the
fis said to be discontinuous at x = a, if it is not closed interval [a, b], if it is
continuous atx=a. a. Continuous at every point of the open
interval (a, b).
The discontinuity may be due to any of the b. Right continuous at x = a.
following reasons:
i.e., lim f(a + h) = f(a)
h0
i. lim fr) or lim f(x) or both may not exist.
r’a
C Left continuous at x = b.
ii. lim f(x) and lim f(x) both exist but are not i.e., lim f(bh) = f(b)
h-0
X’a

equal. Algebra of Continuous function:

ii. lim f(x) and lim f(x) exist and are equal but Iff&g are two continuous functions at x= a, then
X’a

both may not be equal to f(a). af is continuous at x = a aeR

f+g is continuous at x=a
Removable Discontinuity: iii. f-g is continuous at x=a
If lim f(x) = lim f(r) = f(a), 1V. fg is continuous at x = a
f
is continuous at x= a, provided g (a) 0
then f(x) is said to be removable discontinuous.

152
 Chapter 8:Continuity
Shorteuts
1. Continuous functions:
i f(a)=x(ldentity function) i. f(x) sin,f(x)= cos at x =0
i. f(x) =c(Constant function)
ji. f(r) =x iv. f(x)=[x at every integer
0V. fa)= apr" at...t
+ a, (Polynomial) V f(r) =x-[x at every integer
V. vi. f(x)= tanx, f(x) = secx
Vi. f(r) =sinx, f(r) = cOSr T

f(x) =e, f() =a', a>0 when x =(2n +1),nel

Vii.
vi. f(u) =logr, f(r) =logax, a > 0 vii. f(x) = cotr, f(x) = cosecx
Discontinuous functions: when x = nT, n E I
i. f(x) = at x = 0 3. If f is cortinuous at x = a &g is continuous at
x = f (a), then the composite g f (x)) is
i. f(x)= e at x= 0 continuous at x=a.

Classical Thinking
g1 Continuity of a function at a point
If function f(x) = when x#1

If f¢) =2 sin x', x#0 ,then

k, when x=1
1.
is continuous at x= 1,then the value of kwill be
X=0
(A) -1 (B) 2
(A) limf()= 2 (C) -3 (D) 2
r0

(B) fx) is discontinuous at x = 0 x'-9

if x+3
6. If f(x)=x-3 is continuous at
(C) f(x) is continuous at x=0
(D) none of these
2x+k; otherwise
x=3, then k=
San x (A) 3 (B) 0
+ cos x, x0
2. If f(x) = then (C) 6 (D) 1/6
2, X=0
x'-a'
(A) f(x) is discontinuous at x=0 7. For the function f(x) X-a

(B) im f(x)= 1 b X= a

(C) f(x) is continuous at x=0 If f(x) is continuous at x = a, then b is equal to

(D) none of these (A) a (B) 2a
(C) 3a (D) 4a
If the function
3. If f(x) = , then
1
-(A+2)x+A for x*2
4
f(x)= x-2
e. x=0
2., for x =2

(A) lim f(x) =es is continuous at x = 2, then

(A) A =0 (B) A=|
(B) lim
I’0
f(x) does not exist (C) A=-1 (D) A =2
(C) fx) is continuous at x=0 9. If f(x) = sin x - cos x, X # 0, is continuous at
(D) fx) is discontinuous at x=0 x-0, then f(0) is equal to
(A) 1 (B) -1 (C) -2 (D) 2
4. If fx) =
x-10x +25 for x* 5 and f is
-7x+10 10. 2x+ tanx
If f(r) = -,x0, is continuous at
continuous at x=5, then f(5) =
(A) 0 (B) 5 x=0, then f(0)equals
(C) 10 (D) 25 (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

153
MHT-CET Triumph Maths (MCOS)
sin 3
11. Iffx) = 19. If f(x) = then
X=0

1S continuous at x = 0, then the value of k is f(x) is continuous at x = 1

(A) 12 (B) 9 (C) 6 (D) 2
(A)
2

-; x*0 (B) f(x) is discontinuous at x=

12. Let f(x) = 5x . If f(x) is continuous at 2
k ; x=0 (C) lim f(x)=1
X=0, then k=
(D) lim f(x) =1
(A) (B)
(C) 1 (D) 0 i 20. The function 'f is defined by f() = 2xl.
[log,x-, x#1 x> 2, f(x) =k if x = 2and x-1 if.
13. If fx) = X-1 is continuous at continuous, then the value ofk isequal to
k (A) 2 (B) 3
x=1, then the value ofk is (C) 4 (D) -3
(A) e (B) 1 (C) -1 (D) 0 |2x+5 ; x>1
! 21. If fx) k ; x=l, 1S
14 In order that the function f(x) = 1 continuous
(x+l) is! 8x-1 ; x<1
continuous at x=0, f(0) must be defined as x=1,then the value ofk is
(A) f(0) =0 (B) f(0)=e (A) 2 (B)
(C) {0) =! (C) 7 (D) 8
(D) (0) = 1
15. If f is continuous at x =0, where 22. If f(x) = ke' ifxs2 is continuous at x =)
3 ifx> 2
f(x) = (e-1)sin x,X0, then f(0) = then the value of k is
(A) 3 (B) 4
(A) 3 (B) (C) 3e (D) e 3 4
(C) 4 (D)
|- cos X 3
16. If fx) = ,X0
is continuous at x = 0,
k,x=0 i 23. f(x) = |3x-8, ifxs5 is continuous at x =5
then k = | 2k, ifx> 5
find k.
(A) 0 (B) 4 2
2 (A) (B)
1
7 7
(C) (D)
1
3
4
2 (C) 2 (D)
7
17. The funetion for): og(l+ax)-logl- bx) ; i
If f(x) = *+k ; x20 0s continuous at
defined at x = . The value which should be |-r-k ; x<0
assigned to f at x = 0 so that it is continuous at x=0, then kis equal to
x=0, is (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 2
(A) a-b (B) a +b
25. If fx) = 2x +1, xsI
(C) loga + logb (D) loga - logb 0s continuous at
3-kr', x>1
2x+1 x<l x=1, then the value of kis
I8. fx) = 2 ,X=] is (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) - | (D) 2
r'+1 , x>1
x+,, x<3
(A) continuous at x 1 26. If f(x) = 4, x=3 is continuous atr=3, thct
(B) left continuous at x=
3r-5, x>3
(C) nght continuous at x=1
(D) none of these
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2
154
 Chapter 8: Continuity
r-4 4r43
+a, forN<2 .for x 1 then
x-2 5
f(r) =B8, for x is continuous at
2, for x =I
27.
|x+b+4, orx ) (A) lim f(x) 2

(B) lim f(r)3

r=2,then the values of aand b are respectively
(A) 2,4 (B) 4,2 (C) I.2 (D) 2,2 (C) f(x) is discontinuous at x |
(D) fx) is continuous at x = |
ar +]
28. If fr) continuous xSinx 0<*s
sin x+b X> If f(r) then
sin( +x); <x<I
at x = ,then
T
(A) fx) is discontinuous at x =
(A) a= 1, b = 0 (B)
2
(B) (x) is continuous atx=
2
(C) b= (D) a =b=
2 2 (C) fx) is continuous at x = 0
8.2 Discontinuity of a function and types of (D) none of these
discontinuity x+x-2
7. f(x) = -is discontinuous at x=
-3x+2
x'; whenxsl
1. If f(x) = ,then (B) 1,2
|x+ 5; whenx >1 (A) 0, 1
(A) fx) is continuous at x = 1 (C) -1, -2 (D) 0, -1
(B) f(x) is discontinuous at x= 1 8. The points at which the function
(C) lim fx) =1 x+1
f(x) = x'+x-12 js discontinuous are
(D) lim fr) = 6
(A) -3, 4 (B) 3,-4
(C) 3,4 (D) -3, -4
-x, when x<2

2. If f(x)=1 ,whenx=2,then 8.3 Algebra of continuous functions, Continuity

in an interval, on a domain and of some
3
-when x>2 standard functions

(A) fx) is continuous at x=2 1. If f and g are both continuous at x= a, then

(B) f(x) is discontinuous at x=2 f-g is
(C) limf(x) =1 (A) discontinuous at x=a
(D) none of these (B) not defined
(C) continuous at x=a
3. If fx) =
|1+x', when 0<x <I then (D) none of these
1-x,when x>1
X, x20
(A) lim f(x) 0 2. If f(x) = , then f(x) is
x',x<0
(B) lim f(x) 2 (A) continuous on R

(C) f(r) is discontinuous at x=1 (B) discontinuous on R

(D) f(x) is continuous at x=1 (C) continuous on R except at x=0
(D) discontinuous on Rexcept at x =0
4. If f(y)=y -y- 1, for 0Sy<2
= 4y + l for 2<y <4, then |x-1, x<2
(A) f(v) is continuous at y=2
3. Function f(x) = is continuous
2x-3, x22
(B) 1(y)is discontinuous at y = 2 (A) for all real values of x
(C) lim f(v)-9 (B) only for x=2
(D) lim f(v)=1 (C) for all real values of xwhen x 2
(D) none of these

155
 MHT-CET Triumph Maths (MCQs)
4
If fr) N2,24, then Continuous at every pO1nt of its domain. then the
(A) tË) is continuous in (2,4) value ofb is
(B) f )is discontinuous in (2, 4) (B) )
(A) -I
(C) f ) is continuous in (2, 4) except at (C) (D) none of these
x =3
(D) f ) is discontinuous in (2, 4)
except at 7. If f(x) is continuous in [-2, 2], where
xta, r<0
5. 0<x<l, then
If f(x)= then in [0, 1], f(r) is f(x)=x,
(r-2)(x- 5)
(A) Continuous a = 0, b=2 (B) a =1,b=2
(B) (A)
discontinuous a =0, b=-2 (D) a =-1, b=2
(C) (C)
continuous except at x=0
(D) discontinuous except atx=0 8. If f(x) is continuous on -4, 2], where
[6b-3ax, for - 4sx<-2
6. If the function then a+b=
f(x) = for-2 <xs2
Sr-4 . if 0 <s1
|4x +1,
1(*)=14y'+3by ., if 1<x<2 (A) (B) 6
(C)
7
6 (D) -26
6

Critical Thinking
8.1 Continuity of a function at a point (C) f(x) is continuous at x=0
(D) f(x) is discontinuous at x=0
1. If f(r) = |x-2|, then
(A) lim fr) 0 x sin-; x*0
5. If f(x)= is continuous at
(B) lim fx) 0 0; x=0

(C) lim f(x) # lim f(x) x=0, then

X’2
(A) a <0 (B) a>0
(D) f(x) is continuous atx = 2 a>1 (D) a <1
(C)
37
; when 0<xs when x#0
2. 4
If f(x) = then 6. If f(r) = , then
2 e +1
|2Sinx; when
0, whenx=0
(A) f(x) is continuous at x=0 (A) lim f(x)=1
x0"
(B) f(x) is continuous at x=
3 (B) lim f(x)=1
(C) fx) is continuous at x = 4
r->0

3T
(C) f(x) is continuous at x=0
(D) f(x) is discontinuous at x (D) f(x) is not continuous at x=0
7. Which of the following functions is continuous at
3. If f(x) =
sin'|x; when x * 0 then X=0?
0; when x =0
sin 2x
(A) lim f(x) # 0 X#0
(A) f(x) =
(B) lim f(x) 0 1; X=0
X0

f(x) is continuous at x =0
(C)
(B) fix) = (l+x:
x0
(D) f(x) is not continuous at x = 0 X=0

4. If fr) =
r'sin-: when x 0 then (C) fx) = e ; Je; x0
0; whenx =0 | 1; X=0

(A) lim f(x) =1 3x + 4 tan x

x’0
(D) f()=
(B) lim f(x) =-1
7:

156
 Chapter 8: Continuity

|-cos 4r
Let f(x) = then at r 0 :whenr<0

|x: x>0,deR 16 ; when x=0

(A) fis continuoUs whatever À
may be
(B) fis discontinuous when >)
(C) fis continuous only ifA=0
(D) none of these is continuous at x =0, then the value of 'a' will
be
(A) 8 (B) 8
64 (C) 4 (D) 16
9 lff(«) =
8 |- cos3x for x 0
k. I=
17. fx) = rtan x

1
=k, forx=0
is continuous at x= then the value of k is If f(x) is continuous at x = 0, the value of k is

(A) (B)
(A) (B) (C) D)
1
3 5
(C) (D)
10. If f(r) = X#a, is continuous atx= a.,
Nx-va
then f(a) is equal to Sin-, x 0
18 The value of k which makes f(x) = x

(A) Na (B) 2Na (C) a (D) 2a k,x=0

continuous at x=0 is
11. If f(x) = Vx+3-2 X*1, 1S Continuous at x=1, (A) 8 (B) 1
(C) -1 (D) None of these
then f(1) is
1 1-sinx + cosx
(A) 12 (B) (C) (D) 8 is not defined
12 19 The function fx) =
1+ sinx + cos x
at x = Tt. The value of f(t), so that fx) is
Wi+kr-J1-kx if -1sx <0 continuous at x=T, 0S
12. If f(r) = 2x+1
1
if 0<xs1 (A) (B)
X-1 3
(C) -1 (D) 1
is continuous at x = 0, then the value of k is
(A) k=| (B) k=-l ax'-b, when 0<x <l
(C) k=0 (D) k= 2 20. If f()= 2, when x=1 is continuous at

x-64x x+1, when1 <xs2

13. If f(x) = , X*4
Jr+9-5 x=1,then the most suitable values of a, b are
=k ,X=4
(A) a =2, b=0 (B) a= 1,b=-1
(C) a= 4, b=2 (D) All the above
is continuous at x=4, then k=
(A) 60 (B) 120
sin[x] forx > 0
(C) 180 (D) 240 [x]+1

14. If f(x) = tanx-x)-, x #0, is continuous at cos x]

21. If f(x) = -, forx <0;
x=0, then f(0) is [x]
(C) 1 (D) 2 k, for x=0
(A) -1 (B)
I5. 1-cos 4x
Function f(x) = where x # 0 and
8x where (x] denotes the greatest integer less than
f(x)= k, where x = 0 is a continuous function at or equal to x, then in order that f be continuous
r0, then the value of kwill be at x =0, the value of kis
(A) 0 (B) (A) Equal to 0 (B) Equal to 1
(C) -! (D) none of these (C) Equal to -1 (D) Indeterminate

157
 MHT-CET Triumph Maths (MCQs)
COS N - S 1anx Col
22. Iffr) =
Cos 2N 4

28. Let f(x) 4

k,

is continuous at : then the value ofk is

4
The value of a so that f(x) is continuous ,

(A) (B)
-I- (A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) 1
(C) 2V2 (D) |- tan
2V2 29 f fx) = X is continuous at
|-V2sinx 4
3sin x
23. If fx) = is continuous at
4
and , thenk=
2k, N=0
=0, then the value of kis equal to (A) 2 (B) 2/2
(A)
37 37 3 (C) 4 (D) 4/2
10
(B) (C) (D)
0
3sin x-V3 cos x
6x 6
(+|sin x)sN, 6
-<r<0 i 30. If f(x) =
24. Let f(x) = b X=0
X=
6
tan 2x
e tan 3x
0<x<% is continuous at x=
6
,then a =
Then the values of a and b if f is continuous at 1
x=0, are respectively (A) V3 (B)
2 3 1
(A) (B) (C) -5 (D)
3'2
3
(C) (D) none of these
I-sinx
31. If fr) =
(7-2r)
when x*and f 2 =1,
|k cosx
when.x *
I-2x 2 then fx) will be continuous function at x =
25. If the function fx) =
3, whenx when À =

(A) (B) 4
continuous at x = then k= 8
2
1 none of these
(B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 12 (C) (D)
(A) 3 2

26. Ifafunction of defined by (a+x)'sin(a + x)-a´sina X#0, then

If fx) =
-V2sin x if x** 32.

f(x)=
I-4x the value of f(0) so that f is continuous at xX =0
k, if x= is
4 a cos a +asin a
(A)
is continuous at x=*,then k= (B) a´cos a +2a sin a
(C) 2acos a + asin a
(D) 2a´cos a + 2a sin a
(A) (B) I (C) (D) 2
4 4
2-Vr+4 continuous
33. If fx) = (x # 0), is
27 Let f: R ’R be defined by sin 2x
cos 3x- COS X function at x=0, then f(0) equals
f(x)
x=0 (A) (B) 4
4

Iffis continuous at x=0, then à is equal to (D)

(A) -2 (B) -4 (C) -6 (D) -8 (C)

158
 Chapter 8: Continuity
34. The value of f(0) so that the If f(r) is continuous at x =0, where
function 42.

f(x) = (27-2x) -3 f(r)

8-2*
for x )
T,N0, is continuous at k'-|
9-3(243+ 5x)' -2 for x = 0, then k is equal to
x=0, is (D) -4
(A) 2 (B) -2 (C) 4
(A) 2 (B) at = 0, where
3 (C) 2 (D) 4 43. If f is Continuous

(e )sin°
f(r) = , x 0 , then f(0) is
15. If the function f(x) =
k;r=0 (A) (B) 44
30
is continuous at x=0, then the value of k
is (D)
(A) 1 (B) (C) 0 (D) e (C) 90
60

36. fx) = J2-J1+sin x The value of

COsr 44. Iff(r) = ,x0
sin 3x
so that f is continuous at x = is X=0
1
(A) is continuous at x =0, the value of kis
(B)
2V2 (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 5
1
(C) (D) -en
3V2 4V2 45 If f(x) = X#0 is continuous at
2(x- sinx)
37. If f(x) = JI+sinx -I-sinx , X # 0, is x=0, then f(0) =
(A) 0 (B) 1 (D) 2
continuous at x = 0, then f(0) is (C) ,
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) -2 (D) 46 The function f:R-{0} ’R given by
1 2 at
continuous
fx) e2rvall be made
38. If the function f(x) = cos x-sin'x-1 ,x#0, is r
x=0by defining f(0) as
continuous at x = 0, then f(0) is equal to (A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) -1
(A) -2 (B) -1 (C) (D) -4
47. In order that the function f(x) = (r+l)tr is
39. The function defined by continuous at x = 0, f(0) must be defined as

x#2 (A) f(0) = (B) f(0) = 0

f(r) = is continuous e

(C) f(O) = e (D) f(0) =e

from right at the point x=2, then k is equal to
(A) 0
1 48. If f(x)= 4x +1):
(B) 1-4x

=k, x=0
(C) (D) 4 is continuous at x=0, then k=
(A) e (B) e (C) e (D) e
40. The value of fat x=0so that the function
sin 3x
f(r) = x 0is continuous at x =0, is 49. If f (x) = is continuous at
k-2
(A) log 2 (B) 4
X=0, then k =
(C) e (D) log 4
2

41. Iff) =
3+3-2
,X0, is continuous at
(A) (B)
3
(C) (D)
X=0, then f(0) equals 50. If flx) = (sec* x),x*0
(A) log 3 (B) (log 3) =k ,X=0

(C) log (D) e is continuous at x=0, then k is equal to

(A) 0 (B) (C) e (D)

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 MHT-CET Triumph Maths (MCQs)
59. The value of p for which the function
If fx) is continuous at where
51.
(4-) X0

f(x) =(sinx) , for x , then f(r) = sin

(B)
(A)
(C) 1 (D)
(12)(log4)'
may be continuous at x=0, is
(log, 2r)""; is
(A) (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
52. Function f(r)=
(k-)': =1
[x'-9 +a, x>3
continuous at x=1, then k= X-3
(A) e+1 (B) 60. If f(x) = s ,X=3
(C) (D) e-1 2x'+3x+ b,x <3
log (1 + kr)
53. f(x) = is continuous atx=3, then
Sin x

=5 (A) a= 1,b=-22 (B) a = 1,b= 22

If f is continuous at r = 0, then k= (C) a=-1,b= 22 (D) a=-1, b=-22
(A) 1 (B) 3 i61. If f(x) is continuous at x =0, where
(C) S (D) 7
+a, x>0
f(x) =
54. If fx) = logx log7 -,x*7 l2+1+b, x<0
x-7
=k ,X=7
and then the values of a and b are
is continuous at x = 7, then the value of k is
(A) (B) respectively
3 7 ! 7 1
1 (A) (B)
(C) (D) 4' 4
-1 7 7 1
(C) 4'4 (D)
log(l+2ax)- log(1-bx) x0
55. If f(x) = is x-2
k. x=0 x<2

continuous at x = 0, then k is equal to 62. If f(x) = a+b X=2

(A) 2a + b (B) 2a -b
x-2
(C) b- 2a (D) a tb -+b, x>2
-2
56. f(x)= (31)? , X 0 iscontinuous at x =2, then a +b=
xlog(l +x) (A) 2 (B) 1 (C) (D) -1
-k ,X=0
Iff is continuous at x=0, then k= 63. If f(x) = |x|+|x-11, then
(A) log 3 (A) f(x) is continuous at x=0 only
(B) log 3 (B) f(x) is continuous atx=lonly
(C) 2 log 3 (D) (log 3° (C) f(x) is continuous at both x =0 and x = 1
(D) f(x) is discontinuous
57. If fa) = og,(l+x'tanx) X0 is continuous at
sinx
x=0, then f(0) must be defined as sin(a + 1)x +sin x
,X<0
(A) 1 (B) 0
1
64. If f(r) = C. x=0
(C) 2 (D) -1 Vx+ bx -x
58. The value of f(0) so that the function byx
log(sec*x) is continuous at x=0, then
f(x) = xSinx ,x#0, is continuous at x=0 (A) a =-2, b= 0, c +0
is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (B) a =-2, b0, c= 0
(C) -1 (D) e (C) a =2, b=0, c+0
(D) a =2, b 0, c = 0
16^,
 Chapter 8: Continuity
8.2 Discontinuity of a function and N N0and f(0) =0 is
discontinuity
types ol 7. The function fr) =r+2r'
not continuouS at x= (0 because

when x* ) (A) limf(r)zf(0)

1. , then
when x=) (B) lim f(r) does not exist
(A) lim f(r) =e lim f(r) does not exist
-0 (C)
(B) lim f(x) = )
0 (D) limf(r) does not exist
(C) f() is discontinuous at x=0
(D) tx) is continuous at x =0 8 The function f(r) =lx|+ is
16 (A) Continuous at the origin
2 If f()= x-2 when x 2 (B) Discontinuous at the origin because x
, then
16, whenx=2 is discontinuous there

(A) f(x) is continuous at x=2 (C) Discontinuous at the origin because

(B) f() is discontinuous at x =2
is discontinuous there
(C) limf(r) =16
X’2
(D) Discontinuous at the origin because both
(D) None of these |x and are discontinuous there

3. Iffx) = forx 0 e-1

,X#0 which of
i9. For the function f(x) =
= 1, for x= 0. ,x=0
then f(x) is
the following is correct?
(A) continuous at x=0 (A) lim f(x) =-1
(B) discontinuous at x=0 x’0

(C) lim f(x)=1 (B) f(x) is continuous at {=3

X’0
(C) xlim0 f(x) =1
(D) lim f(r)=-1
(D) fx) is not continuous at x=0
I 10. The number of points at which the function
4. The function f(r) = Bx-4 is discontinuous at
3x-4 f(x) = isdiscontinuous are
3 log
(A) x=4 (B) x=
(D) 4
4 (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3
4
(C) x=
3
(D) r=23
x= 1 11. The function f(x) =
4-x is
4x-x

Sin x (A) discontinuous at only one point

5. The function (B) discontinuous exactly at two points
(C) discontinuous exactly three points
(A) is continuous at x=0 (D) None of these
(B) isdiscontinuous at x=0 2x +7
12. The function f(x) =
(C) has removable discontinuity at x=0 r'+3r-x-3
(D) none of these discontinuous for
(A) x=lonly
-|x.;when x* 0 then
(B) x=l andx=-l only
6. If f(e) = (C) x=1,x=-1,x=-3 only
2:when x=0 (D) x=1,x=-1,r=-3 and other values of x
(A) f(x) is continuous at x=0 13. The number of discontinuities in R for the
(B) f(x) is discontinuous atx=0 X-1
function f(x) =
(C) lim f(x) =2 r'+ 6x*+llr +6
(D) lim f(r) = lim f(r) (A) 3 (B)
X0 X-0
(C) 1 (D) (

161
 MHT-CET Triumph Maths (MCOs)
The value(s) ofx for which the function
sin 2x.0<XS7
14. 21. If fr) = JI-cos2r
1-x
<r< N,then
f(r)=-)(2-), I<rs2 COSX

3 , 2
lim f(r) =1
fails to be continuous is (are) (A)
(A) I (B)
(D) All real numbers lim f(r) =I
(C) 3 (B)
|4-3r : 0<rs2
2<rs3, then f(x) is fr) is continuous at x
15. Iffx) = 2x-6: (C)
3<rs6 10
discontinuous at x =
continuous at 2 and discontinuous at (D) fx) is
(A)
'=3
continuous at x=3and discontinuous at r COSx-3tan r
(B) 22. If f(x) =
=2 r'+2sinx
continuous at x =2 and r=3 X=0, then
(C) = 1,
(D) discontinuous at x = 2and x=3 (A) f(r) is discontinuous at x=0
(B) f(x) is continuous at x=0
16. Iff: R R is defined by lim f(x)does not exist
for x < l (C)
for 1<xs3 (D) None of these
2-x*
f()= X-10 for 3<x<5
| 5* -e* ; x0
2r for x > 5
sin 2x
then the set of points of discontinuity off is
23. If f(x) =
1
(A) R-{1,3, 5} (B) {1, 3, 5} 5(log5+1); x=0
(C) R-{1, 5} (D) {1,5}
then

17. Iffy) =
(e'-t).sin y , for y 0 (A) fx) is continuous atx = 0
(B) f(x) is discontinuous at x=0
for y = 0, then limf(r) does not exist
=4 (C) r->0
(A) f(y) isdiscontinuous at y = 0 (D) none of these
fy) iscontinuous at y=0
(B) If the function is defined as
(C) limf(y) does not exist 1 24.
’0
scoSr_1
none of these when x #*
(D) f(x) = 2
-X
sin ar ,when x 0 2
18. For the function fx) = then
=2log 5, when x=
1, when x=0
which one is a true statement? (A) fr) is continuous at X=
(A) f(x) is continuous at x=0, when a #t1
(B) (x) is discontinuous at x=0, when a t1 f(x) has removable discontinuity at x=
(B) 2
(C) lim f(x) =a
(C) fx) has irremovable discontinuity at
(D) lim
X’0
f(r) = a'
2
19. The number of discontinuities of the greatest
(D) none of these
integer function fr) = (x], x is

25. If f(x) =
(2-1) for x # 0
equal to tan x. log(1+x)
(A) 104 (B) 100 (C) 102 (D) 103 , for x=0, then
= log 4
20. The points of discontinuity of tan x are (A) f(x) is continuous at x=0
(A) nT, n e I (B) f(r) has removable discontinuity at
(B) 2nn, n e I X=0

(2n + 1) (C) fx) has irremovable discontinuity at

(C) x=0
(D) none of these (D) none of these

167
 Chapter 8: Continuity

8.3
Algebra of continuous functions,
Continuity 9. If the function f(x) is continuous in [0, 8], where
in an interval, on a domain r'+ ar + 6, 0<x<2
and of some
standard functions 2<xs4,then
f(r)=3x +2,
2ar + Sb, 4<rs8
Let f(x) =|- tan x
4x-1 If f(r) is 22 a =-1, b=
22
(A) a=1,b (B) 5
continuous
in o.then (C) a= 1,b= -22
5
(D) a=-1.b
-22

(A) -I (B) (C) (D) I 10. If f(x)is continuous in (-2, 2], where
sinax for-2<x<0
2.
l+p-l-px -1<x<0
for 0<x<I then the
2. If fa) is f(x) = 2x+1,
2x+1
0<x<1 2bVx'+3-1, for I <rs2
x-2
continuous in-, 1|, then p is equal to value of (a + b) is
-1
(A) -1 (B) (C) (D) 1 (A) 2 (B)
2
(C) 6 (D) 8
|x+x*-16x +20 function
11. The values of a and b such that the
; if x+2
3. Let f(x)= (r-2)? If f(x) is defined by
7 if x<2
k; if x=2
continuous for allx, then k= f(x) = ax +b , if2<x<9 is continuous on its
(A) 7 (B) -7 21 , ifx >9
(C) +7 (D) None of these domain are
a=2,b=3
(A) a=3, b=2 (B)
x+2, 1sI<2 None of these
(C) a=7,b=9 (D)
4. The function f(x)=B4 , X=2 is
3x-2, x>2 12. The value of f(0) so that the function
continuous at Vi+*-(l+x)
(A) x=2 only (B) x s2 f(x)=
(C) x>2 (D) None of these becomes continuous is equal to
5 The function f(x) = [x], where (x] the greatest (B)
function is continuous at 3
(A) 6
(A) 4 (B) -2 (C) 1.5 (D) 1
(C) 2 (D) 3
x-4
6. The function f(x) = is
Sin x 2 13. A function f(x) is defined by
(A) continuous for all real values ofx e +e-2 for x e - {0}. The
(B) discontinuous whenx=2 f(x) = xSinx
(C) discontinuous when sin x=2 value of f(0) so that f will be continuous in
(D) none of these
is
7 The function f(x) = sinl is
(A) Continuous for all x (A) 0 (B) 1
(B) Continuous only at certain points (D) ?
Differentiable at all points (C)
(C)
(D) None of these x*-5x' + 4
x*1,2
sin x ifxs0 ||(*-1Xx- 2)|
x*+a if0<x<1 14. Let f(x) = 6 X=1,
8. If f(x) = is continuous on x=2
bx +2 iflsx<2 12

ifx> 2
R, then a +b+ab = then f(x) is continuous on the set
(B) 0 (A) R (B) R-{1}
(A) -2
(C) 2 (D) -I (C) R-{2} (D) R-(1,2}
163
 MHT-CET Triumph Maths (MCas)
15 If f() is continuous in (0, n], where 17. The value of p and qfor which the functio
sin(p + )x+sin r<0
Xtav2 sinx. 0<

f(x) ,x=0
2rcotr+ b, 4
then

acos 2N bsin x,
is continuous for all x in R, are
3
(A)
(A) p
(B) (B) p= 2 9
6
12
3
(C)
6 12 (C) p=-9 2
3
(D) a = .b=
12 (D) pq-7
l6 If the function For. every integer n, let a, and b, be real
18 numbers.
|1+sin ,for -0 <iI Let function f: R ’R be given by
for xe[2n, 2n +1]
a, + Sin TX
f(r) =s ar +b, forl <x<3 f(x) =
b, +cosTX for XE(2n-1, 2n)
6tan for3 <x <6 for all integers n. If f is continuous, then whic
12
of the following does not hold for all n?
is continuous in the interval (-o, 6), then the (A) a, - bn+|=-1 (B) an-l-bn-1 =0
values of a and b are respectively (D) an--b, =-1
(A) 0,2
(C) an -b, =1
(B) 1,1
(C) 2, 0 (D) 2, 1

Concept Fusion
1. If 'a' is the point of discontinuity of the function
2r-sin'x
cos 2x for o<I<0 2. If the function f(x) = 0) i
2.r +tan!,
for 0<x<3
f(x) = r-4x+3 for 3<x<6 continuous at each point of its domain, then th
value of f(0) is
|log(15x-89) for x>6 1
X-6 (A) 2 (B)
3
x'-9
then, lim =

X’a
-5x'+9x-9 2
(C) (D)
(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 6 (D) 3 3 3

MHT-CET Previous Years' Questions

1. Iff(«) =log1 -3u 1+3r),x÷0 (A) a-1,ß=1
-k ,x=0
(B) a=1,B=-1
is continuous at x = 0, then the value of k is
(C) a1, ß= 1 (D) a=B=0

(A) -1
[2004) 3. If f(x) =(1+3x), x#0
(B) (C) 21 (D) -2
=k, x0
2 If f(xr) is continuous over - 1, n],
defined as where f(x) is is continuous at x =0, then value of kis [2005
(A) e (B) e
-2 sin x
(C) 1 (D) none of these
2
f(x) =asin x
+ß. 4. If f) - (e-1' sin x
COS X
=4, X =0
then a and Bequals is continuous at x =0, then k =
|200
(2004] (A) 2 (B)
164
 Chapter 8: Continuity
If f(r) =rta for x > 0
12.
Function f(x) = for x 0
, then [2013| for x<0
5
3. for x= 0
(A) continuous at x ) and = 2, then
fis continuous at x=) 0s
(B) lim f(r) * f(0)
0
o'B' is |2018|
(C) fis not defined at x -0
(D) (A) 3 (B)
fis discontinuous at x ()

20 +3' -6-10' 25
If f(x) = (C) (D)
for x 0 3
6. 1- cos8x
(10 Which of the following function is not
log log2, forx=0 ! 13.
continuous at x = 0? [2019]
is contimuous at x =0, then the value of k (A) fx) = sin x- coS x, x#0
is X=0
=-1,
|2013|
(A) sin' 30° (B) f() -(1+2x):, x*0
(B)
=e', X=0
(C) (D) log, 2
3 e-1
(C) f(x)= , x#0
7. For what value of k, the function defined by ex +1
log(l+ 2x) sin x° =-1, x=0
f(x) = for x#0
=k
(D) fx) - x#0
for x = 0 sin 3x
is continuous at x =0? (2016) =1, x=0

(A) 2 (B) l 14. If the function

90
(e-1)tank x#0
(C) (D) f()= 4x'
90
= 16, x=0
8 If the function f(x) defined by is continuous at x=0, then k= [20191
f(x))=xsin.
= for x 0 (A) (B) ±2
=k for x = 0 (D) ±4
(C) ±8
is continuous at X=0, then k= [2016]
1
(A) 0 (B) (C) -1 (D) 15. If function
2
x<0
9. Iff(r) = log (sec' x)o for x#0
=k for x = 0
is continuous at x=0 then k is [2017]
(A) e (B) 1 (C) e (D) 0 =1, X=0, then [2019]
(A) lim f(x) does not exist
x’0

10 If the function f(x) -tan+x for x 0 (B) lim f(x) lim f(x)
4

=k for x=0 (C) lim does not exist

x’0*
is continuous at x=0, thenk=? [2017] (D) f(x) is continuous at x=0
(A) e (B) e (C) e (D) e
16. If the function
e - coS X cot x
11. If f(x) = for x # 0 is continuous at
f(x) - (1+3tan' x) ,x* 0
x=0, then value of f(0) is [2018] =k, x=0
is continuous at x=0, then k= [2019]
(A) (B) 2
3

3
(A) (B) e
4
(C) 1 (D) (C) e (D) e
165
 MHT-CET Triumph Maths (MCOS)
17 If the function f(r) (l-cos Sx)sin 5x for x # 0 is
continuous at r
sin 3
, 0 , is 24. If f(r) =
continuoS
0, then f(0) = |20191 0, then f(0)
(A)
375
(B)
125
(C)
125
(D)
25
(A) log 3 (B) log 2 (20201
3
(log 2) (D)
(log 2)
18. If the function t)=(r + |) (C)
is continuOUs at (log3) (log3)
x=0, thenf0) =
|2019| !

(A) (B) 1 25. If f(r) = [xl, for x E (-I, 2), then ,

(C) e (D) discontinuous at (where x represents n
function)
19. If fr) is continuous at = a, where (A) x=-1,0, 1, 2 (B) x=-1,0, | |202|
f) V-Vat Jr-a for x#a, then fla) =
(C) x=0, 1 (D) x= 2
Vr'-a' 26. Let fr) = k +3, ifx s -3
=-2x, if-3 <x<3
|2019)
(A) 1 =6x + 2, ifx >3, then
(B)
2Va (A) fr) is discontinuous at both x =(2021|
3 as
well as x=3
(C) (D) 2/a
2a (B)f() is continuous at x = -3 but
20
discontinuous at x=3
If f(r) = 6ß - 3ax, if-4<x<-2 (O fr) is continuous at x
= -3 as well as
= 4x +1, if-2 <xs2 x=3
is continuous on (-4, 21, then a+ß= D f(r) is discontinuous
(2020] at x = -3 but fx) is
-7 continuous at x=3
(A) (B)
6
7 27. If the function
4 7
(C) (D) f(x)=3ax +b, for x<|
7 6 =11, for x = |
4sin r = 5ax - 2b, for x > 1
21. If f(x) = for x 0 is continuous at X=1. Then, the values of a and
b are
-2k, for x=0 [2021]
is continuous at x=0, then the value ofk is (A) a=2, b=3 (B) a=3, b=3
(C) a=2, b =2 (D) a=3, b =2
[2020]
4n
(A) (B) 28. If fx) =-1, then on the interval [0, n], where
5 2
27
(C) (D) (}represents greatest integer function, [2022)
10
(A) tan [f(x)] and -are both continuous.
f(x)
22. for x#2 1
X-2 (B) tan (f(x)]) is discontinuous and is
=1, for x=2, f(x)
Then which of the following statements is true? continuous.
[2020] (C) tan [f(r)) and are both
(A) lim f(x) = lim f(x) f(x)
discontinuous.
(B) f(x) is discontinuous at x=2
(C) lim f(x) = f(2) (D) tan [fx)) is continuous but IS not
’2 f(x)
(D) fx) is continuous at x=2 continuous.
23. The points of discontinuity of the function I 29. If the function f(x) is continuous on its domain
-2, 2]where
f(x) = if0 <x< 2 Sin ax
f(x) = +3, -2sx<0
if 2<x <4, in itsdomain are
x+3 =xt 5, 0<x<I
[2020] = r'+8-b, |<x< 2, then 7a +b +l
(A) x=2only (B) x=l, x=2 is equal to |2022|
(C) x=0, x=2 (D) x= 4 only (A) 11 (B) 10 (C) 12 (D) 14

166
 Chapter 8: Continuity
Let f: R’R be a function
30. defined as 34. The function f(t) where t = is
'+-2
a+ br
.ifl<N<3 discontinuous at |2023|
fx) -
b+5x, if3<N<5-.then fis |2022]
30
(A) 2, 1 (B) 2,
ifx
(A) not continuous for any (C) (D) 2, I
values of a and b.
(B) continuous if a 0 and b -5.
(C) continuous if a S and b 10. ! 35. If f(x) is continuous on its domain 2,2], where
(D) continuous if a S and b=5.
Sin ax
+3 for -2<r<0
1-coskr
ifx<0 for 0<x<l
f(x)= 2.r +7
31. tx) is continuous at
ifx>) Vr' +8-b, for l<rs2
|VI6+V -4
r=0,thenthe value of kis then the value of 2a + 3b is |2023|
|20231 (A) -12 (B) -10 (C) 10 (D) 12
(A) 4 (B) 2 (C) -1 (D) -3
36. The function fx) =[x cos T, where []
32. If f(x) = -cos-cos + cos cos is
4 2 4 denotes the greatest integer function, is
continuous at x=0, then fO) is |2023| discontinuous at |2023|
(A) (B) ()
1 1 (A) all irrational numbers x.
32 16 (D) 64 (B) no x.

X-3
(C) all integer points.
+à , <3 (D) every rational x which is not an integer.
33. If f(x) = a+b , X=3 37. The function f defined on
x-3 L+b 3
x-3 (1+3x
Is continuous at x=3, then the value of a -b is
f(x) =x71-2x )
k , X=0
[2023| is continuous at x=0, thenk is |2023|
(A) -1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 2
(A) 6 (B) 1 (C) 5 (D) -5

Evaluation Test
1
10+7-14' -5*
1. The function f(r) = (r-1)je ) is not defined at 1-cos x
for x # 0
x=2. The value of f(2)) so that fis continuous at 4. If f(x) = ,then f(x) is
X=2 is 10
for x = 0
(A) 1 (B) e
(A) continuous at x = 0
(C) (D) (B) discontinuous at x=0, but it is removable
(C) discontinuous at x = 0, but it is non
2. f(x) =xtk| is continuous for removable
(A) xe (-0, o) (B) xe(-0, o) -{0}! (D) none of these
(C) only x>0 (D) no value of x
||x-al when x * a
5. If f(x) = ,then
3 The function f()=[x} -[x], (where [y] is X-a

1. when x=a
the greatest integer less than or equal to y), is
discontinuous at (A) f(x) is continuous at x=a
(A) all integers (B) f(x) is discontinuous at x = a
(B) all integers except 0 and 1 (C) lim f(x) =1
(C) all integers except 0 (D) lim f(x) = lim f(x)
(D) all integers except 1
167
 MHT-CETTriumph Maths (MCQs)
6. The function
|1+ sin for -oo<Xs]
sin'(Vx) log(l +3x) 2
f(r) = (tan x)'e-1):x 8. If the function f() ax + b. for 1<x<3
X=0
6 tan for 3sx<6
is continuous at [0, 1], if 12
(A) a =0 is continuous in the interval(- oo, 6), then a
3
(B) a = values of a and b are respectively
5
(A) 0, 2 (B) 1, 1
(C) a =2
(C) 2, 0 (D) 2, 1
(D) a =
9. If fis continuous at x = 0, where
7 The value of f(0), so that the function
fx) = -cos(1-cosr)
f(x) = log(l+x*)-log(l-*
secx- COS x
for x +0,
x*
is continuous everywhere,
then f(0) =
is
(A) 1 (B) 2
(A) (C) 0 (D) -1
2
1 10. The value of f (0), so that the function
(B) 4
Va'-ar+x'-Va?+ax +?
1 f(r) =
(C) Va+x-Va-x
6
1
becomes continuous for allx, is given by
(D) (A) aa (B) Va
(C) -a (D) -a Na

Answer Key of the chapter: Continuity & Evaluation Test is given at the end of the book.

Solutions to the relevant questions of this chapter & Evaluation Test can be accessed by
scanning theadjacent QR code in Quill - The Padhai App.