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Cell Structure and Function Detailed

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20 views2 pages

Cell Structure and Function Detailed

Uploaded by

Adelaide
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Cell Structure and Function

Cells are the basic unit of life. They are divided into two categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotes have them. The plasma
membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell through selective permeability. It is made up of a
phospholipid bilayer, proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates.

Organelles: - Nucleus: Contains genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities. - Ribosomes:
Sites of protein synthesis; free in cytosol or attached to ER. - Endoplasmic Reticulum: Rough ER is
studded with ribosomes and synthesizes proteins; smooth ER synthesizes lipids and detoxifies. - Golgi
Apparatus: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids. - Lysosomes: Contain digestive enzymes
for breakdown of macromolecules. - Mitochondria: Site of ATP production through cellular respiration. -
Chloroplasts (in plants): Site of photosynthesis, contain chlorophyll. - Cytoskeleton: Provides shape,
structure, and facilitates movement.
Additional Notes and Examples:
This section expands on the key points with examples, diagrams (not included here), and extended
explanations for in-depth study.

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