PRESENT TENSE
Pengertian : untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang berlangsung setiap hari yang merupakan
kebiasaan atau kenyataan.
Ada 3 pola kalimat yang akan dibahas dalam Present Tense.
1. Affirmative :
Subject + Verb s/es + Object / Complement
Ex :
- Rendy goes to school everyday
- We study English twice a week
- Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen
- They play football in the yard
Present Tense juga digunakan untuk :
a. Menyatakan suatu kebiasaan atau peristiwa rutinitas di waktu sekarang
Ex :
- Amir always gets up early
- The student are usually in the laboratory on Mondays
b. Menyatakan suatu kebenaran umum
Ex :
- The sun rises in the east
- The world is round
c. Menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang berdasarkan pada jadwal yang tetap
Ex :
- The next train leaves at 15.40
- My course starts on Monday
2. Imperative
Subject + do / does + not + V-1 + Object
Ex :
- Marry doesn’t like to study English
- I don’t understand everything he says
- He doesn’t feel well today
- We don’t know French perfectly
3. Interrogative
Do / Does + Subject + V-1 + object + ?
Ex :
- Do you enjoy your English lesson ?
- Does this book belong to you ?
- Do I eat rice ?
- Does your father smoke a lot ?
lam Present Tense, orang ke – 3 tunggal ; He, She, It, Name dll. Dalam kata kerjanya di tambah “
s “ dan “ es “ dengan ketentuan :
Bila kata kerja berakhir dengan “ y “ dan di dahului dengan Konsonan ( huruf mati ), maka “ y “
di ubah manjadi ‘ i “ lalu ditambah “ es “
- to study studies
- to carry carries
- to fly flies
Bila kata kerja berakhir dengan s, sh, ch, x, o, maka ditambah “ es ”
- to kiss kisses
- to carry teaches
- to box boxes
Adverb of frequency yang dipakai dalam Present Tense, pada umumnya diletakkan diantara
Subyek Kalimat dan Kata Kerja, adapun adverb of frequency a.l :
- Often - Seldom - Usually
- Always - Never - Occasionally
- Sometimes - Generally
Keterangan waktu yang mengikuti Present Tense adalah :
- In the morning - Now
- Everyday - Twice a day
- Today - Once a week
*mps*
PAST TENSE
Pengertian : Menyatakan suatu kejadian / perbuatan yang terjadi pada suatu waktu tertentu pada
masa lampau.
1. Affirmatif :
Subject + Verb-2 form + Object
- My uncle went to Bogor yesterday
- I saw a good film last night
- He ate bread this morning
2. Imperatif :
Subject + did + not + Verb-1 + object
- John didn’t go to school yesterday because he was sick
- She didn’t feel much better after her operation last week.
- I did not receive any letter last Monday
3. Interrogatif :
Did + Subject + Verb-1 + object + ?
- Did she tell you about her trip last week ?
- Did you enjoy the party last night ?
- Did they come to classroom on time this morning ?
Selain menggunakan kata kerja biasa Past Tense juga dapat dipakai kata kerja Bantu lain seperti “
Was “ dan “ Were “.
1. Affirmative :
Subject + was / were + object
- I was sick yesterday
- You were late this morning
- It was hot yesterday
2. Imperative
Subject + was / were + not + object
- She was not here yesterday
- You were not well yesterday
- We were not in Jakarta last week
3. Interrogative
Was / were + Subject + object + ?
- Were you at home yesterday ?
- Were you absent last Friday ?
- Was it a holyday last Tuesday ?
Keterangan waktu yang di pakai dalam Past tense :
- This morning - Yesterday - Last year
- Last night - Last week - Two days ago
- Just now - Last month
*mps*
Past Continuous Tense
Pengertian : Di gunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang sedang terjadi atau sedang di
lakukan pada waktu yang lampau bersamaan dengan terjadinya sesuatu yang
lain.
Pola Kalimat :
Positive : Subject + Was/Were + V-ing + O
Negative : Subject + Was/were + Not + V-ing + O
Interrogative : Was/Were + Subject + V-ing + O + ?
Penggunaan :
A : Untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung diwaktu lampau saat
kegiatan lain terjadi
Rumus :
Subject + Past Cont + WHEN + Subject + Past Tense
Atau
WHEN + Subject + Past Tense + Subject + Past Cont
Example :
- The engine was running when it suddenly stopped.
- When Rini came home , Nana was watching television.
B. Menyatakan dua kegiatan berlangsung bersamaan di waktu lampau.
Rumus :
Subject + Past Cont + WHILE + Past Cont
Atau
WHILE + Subject + Past Cont + Subject + Past Cont
Example :
- Diky was watching television while raka was reading a book
- While setiawan was reading a book, Karina was watching television.
Atau ada kemungkinan pola berikut muncul :
WHILE + Subject + Past Cont + Subject + Past Tense
Example:
- While Gunawan was watching television, Ridwan read a book.
Catatan :
* Was : Di gunakan untuk subjek “ I “ dan bentuk ke tiga tunggal ( He,
She , Name, Singular Noun )
* Were : Di gunakan untuk subject. You,We,They, Plural Noun)
#MPS#
