PRESENT
ffPRESENJT
Simple
ACTIVE
S + V1 + O Putra writes a letter (putra menulis sebuah surat) S + is/am/are + V-ing Putra is writing a letter (putra sedang menulis surat)
PASSIVE
S + is/am/are + V3 A letter is written by Putra (sebuah surat ditulis oleh putra) S + is/am/are + being + V3 A letter is being written by Putra (sebuah surat sedang di tulis oleh putra) S + have/has + been + V3 A letter has been written by Putra (sebuah surat telah selesai di tulis oleh putra)
Continuous
Perfect
S + have/has + V3 Putra has written a letter (putra telah menulis sebuah surat) S + have/has + been + V-ing Putra has been writing a letter
Perfect continuous
S + have/has + been + being + V3 A letter has been being written by Putra
PAST
Simple Continuous Perfect
ACTIVE
S + V2 + O Putra wrote a letter S + was/were + V-ing Putra was writing a letter S + had + V3 Putra had written a letter S + had + been + V-ing Putra had been writing a letter
PASSIVE
S + was/were + V3 A letter was written by Putra S + was/were + being + V3 A letter was being written by Putra S + had + been + V3 A letter had been written by Putra S + had + been + being + V3 A letter had been being written by Putra
Perfect continuous
FUTURE
Simple Continuous Perfect
ACTIVE
S + will + V1 + O Putra will write a letter S + will + be + V-ing Putra will be writing a letter S + will + have + V3 Putra will have written a letter S + will + have + been + V-ing Putra will have been writing a letter
PASSIVE
S + will + be + V3 A letter will be written by Putra S + will + be + being + V3 A letter will be being written by Putra S + will + have + been + V3 A letter will have been written by Putra S + will + have + been + being + V3 A letter will have been being written by Putra
Perfect continuous
PAST FUTURE
Simple Continuous Perfect
ACTIVE
S + would + V1 + O Putra would write a letter S + would + be + V-ing Putra would be writing a letter S + would + have + V3 Putra would have written a letter S + would + have + been + V-ing
PASSIVE
S + would + be + V3 A letter would be written by Putra S + would + be + being + V3 A letter would be being written by Putra S + would + have + been + V3 A letter would have been written by Putra S + would + have + been + being + V3
Perfect continuous
Putra would have been writing a letter
A letter would have been being written by Putra
PAST
Simple and continuous
A. Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung di waktu lampau saat kegiatan lain terjadi.
When
When + S1 + simple past + S2 + past continuous
Ex : When she came, Irwan was playing football Atau
S1 + past continuous + when + S2 + simple past
Ex : Irwan was watching TV, when she came home B. Menyatakan dua kegiatan berlangsung bersamaan di waktu lampau
While
While + S1 + past continuous + S2 + past continuous
Ex : While she was swimming, Irwan was playing football Atau
S1 + past continuous + while + S2 + past continuous
Ex : Irwan was watching TV, while she was reading a book Atau
While S1 + past continuous + S2 + simple past
Ex : while Irwan was watching TV, she read a book
C. Menyatakan suatu tindakan yang sedang berlangsung pada suatu waktu spesifik di masa lampau. Ex : Irwan was playing football at 7 yesterday morning
PAST
Simple and Perfect
A. Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang terjadi sebelum kegiatan lain di waktu lampau; biasanya ada dua atau lebih kegiatan yang beriringan.
Before
S1 + past perfect + before + S2 + simple past
Ex : Putra had played football, before he went home Atau
Before + S1 + simple past + S2 + past perfect
Ex : Before Putra went to home, he had had his breakfast
After
S1 + simple past + after + S2 + past perfect
Ex : Putra went to stadion, after he had had his breakfast Atau
After + S1 + past perfect + S2 + simple past
Ex : After Putra had had his breakfast, he went to stadion
Stative verbs
Kata kerja yang menunjukkan waktu sekarang tetapi selamanya tidak boleh dalam bentuk Continuous melainkan dalam bentuk non-continuous. Appear Belong Believe Forget Hear Hate Have know like love mean mind need own owe prefer realize remember seem see smell taste understand want wish
Example : -
Do you like PKn? (bukan are you liking PKn)
I need two balls now. (bukan I am needing two balls now)
