Practical Work Hamlet.

Mora Lopez Pereda 4th 3rd tt

Guidelines:

1. Describe the environments in which the actions take place and locate them within.
characters. Locate the space and the time of the drama.
2. Search for the history and characteristics of Elizabethan Theatre. Locate this work within the
Shakespeare's production. Classify the genre and type of work. Justify why it is a
tragedy.
3. Why does the father appear in the form of a ghost or a shadow? What is the
time of the day and the place?
A complex and contemplative prince, Hamlet grapples with existential questions and seeks revenge for his father's murder.

Gertrude, Ophelia, Polonius, Laertes, Horatio, and Fortinbras.

5. What is the vision of women in the work? Explain the relationships between Hamlet and his mother.
and Hamlet and Ophelia.
Develop a list of the themes that appear in the work and justify them.
Is there a theater performance in the palace? Who recognizes what is happening?
"To be or not to be, that is the question" this is the most famous phrase from the work. What is its
Meaning? Choose a monologue from Hamlet and explain its importance within the actions.
Search for examples of foreshadowing, asides, ironies, and contradictions. Explain the meaning of
these resources.
10. Comment in the group and write a brief conclusion on why Hamlet is still relevant.
currently.
11. Investigate versions and adaptations of the work in film, theater, series, etc. Comment if
Did they see any of the versions?

Responses:

The work takes place in Denmark in 1600 during the Middle Ages. The environments
which appear are on the outside and inside, one of them is the castle of Elsinore
where most of the characters are located, the cemetery in which they appear in
the scenes of the gravediggers and at Ofelia's burial. But, in total, the spaces
son
The hall, where several scenes take place involving Ophelia, Hamlet,
Guillermo, Gertrudis, Horacio, Ricardo, Claudio, Plonio, Laertes, and the group of comedians.
The front of the castle, where scenes take place involving The Shadow.
del Rey Hamlet, Hamlet, Francisco, Horatio, Bernardo, and Marcelo.
The Queen's room, where the terrible death of Polonius occurs.
Also, some of the scenes that make up the work take place in other spaces.
like the border of Denmark, where small and short scenes are presented in the
who participate Fortinbras, a captain, soldiers, Hamlet, Guillermo and Ricardo.
In Polonius's home, where Ophelia, Laertes, and Polonius converse.
The king's cabinet, where scenes take place in which Laertes and Claudius chat.
The cemetery, where they bury Ofelia, after her death, accompanied by the
participación de Hamlet, Horacio, Gertrudis, Laertes, Claudio, el curo y sepultureros.

The 'Elizabethan Period' is known by that name because it was consolidated under the reign
of Isabel I (1558-1603). It was a period of great flourishing of theater in
 England, and the period in which Shakespeare wrote. Some characteristics of
the works of Elizabethan theater are:
The characters reflect on the issues that concerned men of the
era without abandoning the axes of action of history.
There was no scenery, so the authors had to invent it through the
speeches of the characters.
-The characters are constantly torn between desire and reality or between the
cordura and madness. To convey this duplicity, the employed resource is the
monologue, a supportive speech in which the characters perform a
introspection and reflection.
The texts are not tied to the unit of action, time, and place.

theatrical
Isabeline Theater: it is a revenge drama, of great depth and much
poetic narrative, which comes from Renaissance humanism, where the plot is centered
a philosophical, psychological, moral, and conscience problem.

Hamlet is a tragedy because the shadow of his father asks the young prince to
Denmark avenges the murder that his own brother committed against him, and as a result
from this in history will unleash a series of murders, madness, vengeance and
melancholy, which makes it tragic. And it is of the dramatic theatrical genre.

The soul of Hamlet's father appears in the form of a ghostly shadow,

Night, before dawn, in front of the palace, with the purpose of letting him know about
Hamlet about the truth concerning his father's death. In the kingdom, it was known
publicly that the king had died from the bite of a snake, but
truly, he himself had been murdered by his brother Claudio, the uncle of
Hamlet. This is why the ghost asks Hamlet to take revenge on the murderer.

4) Hamlet: He is the young son of the late king Hamlet of Denmark and his wife.
Gertrude. He is kind, very intelligent, and philosophical as he tries to manage his
life guided by thought and its actions. At one moment in the work,
it shows his impulsive character as when he mercilessly kills Polonius while
to confuse him with Claudio.
Claudio: King of Denmark and uncle of Hamlet. He replaced his brother the king
Hamlet, when he was murdered by him. He married Hamlet's mother,
Gertrudis. She is ambitious, does not follow moral or justice, as she does not hesitate.
in committing crimes.
Gertrude: She is the queen of Denmark and the mother of Prince Hamlet. She was
married to the late King Hamlet, but after his death, she married
Claudio, his brother-in-law.
Ofelia: She is a young woman with a humble and kind soul, she is very obedient to her
father. She is the daughter of Polonius and the beloved of Hamlet, with whom she decides to end her
relationship advised by his father and his brother.
Polonius: He is the chamberlain of the kingdom and advisor to the king, he is also the father of Ophelia.

and Laertes.
Laertes: The character of Laertes is a male character, with a lot of
 skill and very close with his father, who is Polonius. Unlike
Ofelia, her brother, he, upon learning of his father's death, decides to take revenge.
from Hamlet, meeting with the king to help him assassinate him. Horatio: It is
Hamlet's best friend is the confidant, a good advisor to the prince, and loyal.
Fortimbrás: Prince and son of the late king of Norway, who was murdered by
the former King Hamlet. He seeks to avenge the death of his father, before dying
Hamlet requests to be the next king of Denmark.

5) The female characters in the work of Hamlet are used as an object, which
facilitates the development of the story, particularly that of the characters, by
by its author. They are also socially portrayed as submissive women,
obedient, sensitive, fragile and their characters arise from presence
from other male characters. For example, the character of Gertrudis, only
she occupies a place in the work, because she is the wife of the dead king, since no matter how much
she would be queen, if the king were alive, she wouldn't be spoken of under any circumstances and
about her opinions and feelings. In Ofelia's case, her father Polonius was
very worried about her chastity. To such an extent that at no time did she
he considered what she thought about it to be important; in fact, her father told her
prohibited to see Hamlet.
The relationship between Hamlet and Ophelia was one of love, but they had a relationship that left
much to desire. At one point, Hamlet tells Ophelia that he does not love her, and that
all this time he had been lying to her about his feelings, but when
Ofelia is dying, he confesses that he really loved her. It was a difficult relationship.
because Ofelia's father and brother did not accept Hamlet at all.
they wanted close to her.
The relationship between Hamlet and Gertrude (his mother) is very strange. Hamlet abhors
completely the relationship of her mother with her uncle Claudio due to the short time that
They took a long time to get together after their father's death, he felt it as a
a kind of betrayal.

6) Death: This theme is mentioned a lot in the work that is also related to
the revenge that always revolves around death. Also the suicide of Ophelia
it accounts in this theme for its final traffic like the unexpected death of Hamlet or the
poisoning of Gertrudis.

Humor: This theme is also related to the irony from the characters.

Love: the love between Hamlet and Ophelia is shown, which ends in tragedy with
Ofelia's suicide due to her inability to bear the actions of her beloved.

The fate: Hamlet takes the wine cup that was a deception devised by his uncle and
then he kills him with his own poison, thus completing his revenge.

Impunity: This is evident when those in power make mistakes, or

simply crimes, and they can escape unharmed, like Hamlet who kills Polonius and does not
is punished.
 Incest: Hamlet speaks often about the incest generated between his mother.
Gertrudis and her uncle Claudio, who share the same bed.

Hatred: We can see hatred in Hamlet towards his uncle Claudius for having killed his father.
his father, also Hamlet's hatred towards his mother Gertrude for having married
with his uncle after such a short time since the death of the king.

The truth: Here we can see that when the ghost tells Hamlet that his uncle
Claudio had killed him, and Hamlet discovers the truth when in the play he sees his
Uncle acts in a nervous way and withdraws from the scene, that is to say, Claudio...
Only Delata and Hamlet can confirm what the ghost of his father had told him.
it was true.

Madness: Here we have two situations, the situation of Hamlet who feigns his madness.
to have time to make their decisions and to not raise suspicions of
her revenge. And the other situation is that of Ofelia, who becomes truly mad after the
death of her father by the hands of her beloved Hamlet.

7) When Hamlet decides to have the comedians perform a theatrical representation in the
palace about a situation very similar to what his family suffered (the murder)
King Hamlet), has the function for him and Horatio to see what the reaction is of
Claudio, since if he got upset, they would know that he was indeed the author.
of the murder. Those who recognize what is happening are Gertrudis, who
decide to talk to his son about what he had done, and Claudio.

8) "To be or not to be, that is the question" this is the most famous phrase from the work. What
Is it its meaning?
The meaning of the phrase is to question its mere existence. Throughout the work Hamlet
is slowly losing his sanity and this is noticeable as he questions the
simpler discussions and at the same time complex answers that life has,
as is the questioning of death, dreams, and the meaning of life itself. Its
To doubt is to question life itself, revealing the madness in which it is.
falling Hamlet.

9) Irony: theatrical irony is a paradoxical situation in which a character finds themselves.

facing it unknowingly adds drama to the work. The irony in this work is that the
King Claudio poisons Prince Hamlet and with that same poison, Hamlet...
poisons him and both die.
Anticipation: anticipation is the literary device through which it is introduced.
elements that are related to what is going to happen later in the story. In
In this case, what is anticipated is the death of Claudio, the main objective of Hamlet.
from the beginning of the work it is to kill him.
Contradiction: contradictions are alternatives, they are two opposing options that
They generate a conflict in a character. For example: In Hamlet's conscience there is
contradictions between justice and revenge as he did not know whether to allow himself to be distressed by
the death of his father and sink into sorrow or arm oneself with justice and courage to
to be able to take revenge. There are also contradictions between reason and madness, responsibility
and freedom.
 Aside: It is a resource in which a character speaks to themselves, while
the rest of the figures present pretend not to hear what is being said, or
it can simply be found alone. In certain cases, it may be a
conversation between two characters or more, and if there are more present, it is assumed that
they don’t listen to them.

10) Hamlet continues to be relevant today because it is a classic work of

Shakespeare who manages to bring together the human conflicts of that time such as betrayal,
revenge, madness, and love/hate. It's a very important part of the story of
Theater in general, thanks to this work, laid many foundations of the theatrical genre.
at the time of its writing and interpretation. In addition, one of its famous phrases,
a famous quote from one of Hamlet's monologues, "To be or not to be," has become very
famous within general culture.
Hamlet encompasses various themes, and that is what makes it relevant in the
current events, as to a greater or lesser extent, some of them have similarities
with today's reality. One that seems very important to me is health
mental. We can see it when Ofelia and Hamlet meet mentally
unstable, both due to the death of their parents, and in Hamlet's case, due to duty
What good does it do to avenge his father by killing his uncle? Although nowadays they are not addressed.
mental health themes arising from tragic situations such as those addressed in the text,
the issue of the death of our loved ones and being is still relevant
misunderstood and hurried to overcome grief. I also feel that many are
they could identify how the work treats the theme of friendships, since the
childhood friends of Prince Hamlet were called by Claudio, and they are
more for the king than for his own friend, since they fulfill the requests of the
they act for their own interest, instead of being with Hamlet of their own will, and
to truly help.
Regarding love, themes such as emotional responsibility are seen. For example,
Hamlet confesses to Ophelia that he never loved her and treats her badly, telling her to marry.
with a fool and goes to a convent, while the girl had certain
feelings towards him. This is something that remains to this day, the illusions,
the misunderstandings and the way we communicate with one another, and the duty that
we have to practice emotional responsibility. I also see that it appears the
comparison, when Hamlet feels envy for the fencing skills of
Laertes. Despite having other things he is good at, upon hearing that
Laertes is flattered and he doesn't, that topic lingers in his mind and he tries to
improve to overcome it. This happens constantly in our daily reality, whether it is
with our personality, physique, skills, among other things.

11)-Laurence Olivier, 1948: He won the Oscar for Best Picture and Best Actor, but it is a
controversial version due to the cuts and with a detail that has been discussed as serious
Olivier's error, which set a precedent: from the beginning of the film, he announces that "this is
the tragedy of a man who could not decide
the ghost demands). It also offers intimations of repressed incest and urges
edipic; the gloomy scenery is disconcerting; it seems that in the castle of
In Elsinor, the protagonists are almost alone, while in the original work, king,
 the queen, prince, and other characters —except during the monologues— are always
accompanied by guards

Grigori Kozintsev, 1964: Masterfully filmed in black and white, this is a

sober production, like a production from the Stalinist era. Scenes were
removed like the one that Hamlet, heading towards his confrontation with Gertrude, surprises.
to a remorseful Claudio, and he considers killing him. Although this passage is truncated,
Claudio does confess his crime, justifying his death during the final duel. Hamlet does not.
he dies in the mourning room, but instead, he goes out to the beach, followed by Horacio,
while a solitary seagull caws in the windy sky, representing the spirit
of Ophelia, with whom he will meet.

-Tony Richardson, 1969: First color version of Hamlet. This film version
a successful stage production by Richardson does not quite convince.
In the dramatic scene with Gertrudis, the director emphasized vapors.
Freudians, in Oedipal shadows of their relationship with their son the prince.

Franco Zeffirelli, 1990: This version takes flight, showcasing a cast of

first order, although the director also chose to highlight the Oedipal darkness, with
Gertrude and Hamlet kissing on the mouth. Zeffirelli had great success.
filming works of Shakespeare such as Romeo and Juliet (1968), and Hamlet was also
a box office success. Polonius spies on her in crucial passages, not indicated in the play.
original and on the other hand the film version in which the total is least felt
absence of the secondary plot of the Fortimbrás.

-Kenneth Branagh, 1996: The only film version that respects the text
complete original of Shakespeare. Branagh alters the order of some sequences,
but this version contains all the words of Hamlet. It contains sequences
visuals conceived by Branagh that are not seen in any other version:
representation of the murder of King Hamlet by Claudius, erotic passages between
Hamlet and Ophelia, and the last scene is that of Hamlet's body being taken to the field of
imaginary battle for the four captains. It shows in all its breadth how it was
created from the origin, not just the destruction of a royal house, of a cursed dynasty,
but the tragedy of the fall of a kingdom, irremediably corrupted.

Michael Almereyda, 2000: This version was an interesting proposal at first.

but it is acquiring a resemblance to another disastrous effort which was Romeo+Juliet
(Baz Luhman, 1996). Ofelia, but instead of losing her life in a river, she drowns in a
grand source of the lobby. Hamlet presents himself as a bipolar, depressive character with
suicidal tendencies.

The version we saw is the one in which Mel Gibson plays Prince Hamlet from 1990. It
What entertained me the most about the movie were the action moments, in addition to the fact that we can
watch it on youtube in separate parts. What was uncomfortable is the insinuation of incest by
Gertrude and Hamlet (who are mother and son).