REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITERATURE
OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the
students can:
Selects, cites, and
synthesizes properly
related literature
Uses sources according to
ethical standards
OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the
students can:
Presents written review
literature (8-10 pages)
LITERATURE
LITERATURE
-a collection of published
information or materials on a
particular topic.
REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITERATURE
-process of studying what has
already been written in a
particular topic.
REVIEW OF
RELATED
LITERATURE
-overview of all the writings
relative to a specific topic.
Primary Source Secondary Source
Secondary Source
Two Major ⚬ interprets,
analyzes, or
Primary Source Types of discusses
⚬ Original, RRL information
firsthand or
direct Sources from primary
sources.
information
TEXTBOOK
SECONDARY SOURCE
LOVE LETTER
PRIMARY SOURCE
BIOGRAPHY
SECONDARY SOURCE
VLOGGING
PRIMARY SOURCE
REFLECTION PAPER
SECONDARY SOURCE
APPLICATION
[Link] reliability and
correctness of
information.
AUCACYRC
GOALS OF
LITERATURE
REVIEW
TO DEMONSTRATE A
FAMILIARITY WITH THE
BODY OF KNOWLEDGE
AND ESTABLISHED
CREDIBILITY.
TO SHOW THE PATH
OF PRIOR RESEARCH
AND HOW A CURRENT
PROJECT IS LINKED TO
IT.
TO INTEGRATE AND
SUMMARIZE WHAT IS
KNOWN IN AN AREA.
TO LEARN FROM
OTHERS AND
STIMULATE NEW
IDEAS.
FIVE (5) BASIC CRITERIA
FOR EVALUATING
INFORMATION
01 ACCURACY
02 AUTHORITY
03 OBJECTIVITY
FIVE (5) BASIC CRITERIA
FOR EVALUATING
INFORMATION
04 CURRENCY
05 COVERAGE
FIVE (5) BASIC CRITERIA
FOR EVALUATING
INFORMATION
01 ACCURACY
Is the information
reliable?
Is the information
error-free?
01 ACCURACY
Is the information
based on proven facts?
Can the information be
verified against other
reliable sources?
FIVE (5) BASIC CRITERIA
FOR EVALUATING
INFORMATION
02 AUTHORITY
Who is the
author?
02 AUTHORITY
Does he or she
have the
qualifications to
speak or to write
on that topic?
02 AUTHORITY
Is the author
affiliated with
reputable
university or
organization in this
subject or field?
FIVE (5) BASIC CRITERIA
FOR EVALUATING
INFORMATION
03 OBJECTIVITY
What is the
intended purpose
of the information?
03 OBJECTIVITY
Is the information
facts or opinions?
Is the
information
biased?
FIVE (5) BASIC CRITERIA
FOR EVALUATING
INFORMATION
04 CURRENCY
When was the
information
published?
04 CURRENCY
Is the information
current or
outdated?
Does currency
matter in this
topic?
FIVE (5) BASIC CRITERIA
FOR EVALUATING
INFORMATION
05 COVERAGE
Does the
information
covered meet your
information needs?
05 COVERAGE
Does it provide
basic or in-
depth
coverage?
APPLICATION
[Link] reliability and
correctness of
information.
AUCACYRC
APPLICATION
[Link] reliability and
correctness of
information.
AUCACYRC
ACCURACY
2. The state of being
commonly known or
accepted
CYCUNRER
CURRENCY
3. The qualifications of
the author to write on the
topic
AIRUHTOY
AUTHORITY
4. The qualifications of
the paper to be true.
JCTOBE YTVI
OBJECTIVITY
5. Amount and quality of
reporting or analysis
given to a particular
subject or event.
OEGREACV
COVERAGE
CITATION OF
RELATED
LITERATURE
CITATION
provides details
about the
source.
CITATION
two manners namely:
a. in-text citation
b. referencing list
IN-TEXT CITATION
Found in all of
the chapters in
research.
IN-TEXT CITATION
Found in all of the
chapters in research.
1. Author’s last name
2. Date of publication
3. Page information
REFERENCING LIST
Bibliography
and/or references
at the last part.
REFERENCING LIST
1. Author’s name
2. Date of publication
3. Page information
4. Publisher
5. Place of Publishing
REFERENCING LIST
6. Volume
7. Edition
CITATION OF
RELATED LITERATURE
1. APA
2. MLA
3. CMS
APA
- American
Psychological
Association
- primarily used in
social sciences
Example of APA
(Smith, 2020)
(Alberto & Santos, 2010)
-Uses Author-date
format
MLA
- Modern Language
Association
- common in the
humanities
Example of MLA
(Smith 45)
(Alberto and Santos 10)
- Author-page
system.
CMS
- Chicago Manual of
Style
- Widely used in
history, business, and
the fine arts
Example of CMS
(Smith 2020, 45)
- Author, date and
page
SYNTHESIZING
INFORMATION
FROM
RELEVANT
LITERATURE
SYNTHESIS
-combining
different
ideas to form
a coherent
whole
TWO WAYS
IN
PRESENTING
SYNTHESIS
TWO WAYS IN
PRESENTING
SYNTHESIS
a. Exploratory Synthesis
b. Argument Synthesis
EXPLORATORY
SYNTHESIS
-bring sources together to
explain a perspective and
the reasoning behind it.
ARGUMENT
SYNTHESIS
-bring sources together to
make an argument.
Research on
EXAMPLE
remote work’s impact on
productivity presents varying perspectives. Some
studies, like Smith (2022), suggest that remote
EXPLORATORY
SYNTHESIS
work boosts productivity due to fewer
distractions. However, Jones (2021) finds that
remote work can lead to burnout, reducing
overall productivity. Other research, such as by
Lee (2023), points out that productivity depends
on the work environment and individual
preferences, with some employees thriving in
EXAMPLE
Evidence supports the argument that remote work
improves productivity. Smith (2022) found a 20%
increase in employee output when working from
ARGUMENT
SYNTHESIS
home due to fewer workplace distractions. Similarly,
Lee (2023) found that employees who worked
remotely reported better work-life balance, leading
to higher job satisfaction and more efficient work.
While Jones (2021) warns about burnout, these issues
can be mitigated with proper management, making
remote work a generally effective model for
increasing productivity.
JOURNALS
STATISTICAL
RECORD
ARTIFACTS
SONGS
SOURCES FOR
CRAFTING RRL
DOCUMENTS
-written or printed
sources.
SOURCES FOR
CRAFTING RRL
NUMERICAL
RECORDS
-subcategory of
documents
-includes
numerical data
SOURCES FOR
CRAFTING RRL
ORAL
STATEMENTS
-communicated
through speech.
SOURCES FOR
CRAFTING RRL
RELICS
-object, item, or
fragment from the
past.
“Find out who you are
and do it on purpose.”
—Dolly Parton
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION
