Data Structures & Algorithms (Expanded Note ~380 words)
Data structures are methods of organizing and storing data for efficient access and modification.
Common structures include arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, and graphs. Algorithms are
step-by-step procedures to solve problems or perform tasks efficiently.
Efficient algorithms and data structures are critical for software performance. Sorting algorithms
(QuickSort, MergeSort) and searching algorithms (Binary Search) are fundamental, while graph
algorithms (Dijkstra’s, BFS, DFS) solve network and pathfinding problems. Time complexity
and space complexity analysis help optimize solutions. Mastery of data structures and algorithms
is essential for problem-solving, competitive programming, and building high-performance
software. Understanding these concepts allows IT professionals to design scalable, maintainable,
and efficient systems.