23 13.

(728) By 1850, __% of the compositions in orchestral

concerts were by dead composers; by 1875, __%
Chapter 29
Late Romanticism in Germany and Austria
14. TQ: According to the author, Brahms understood what
1. [719] Before 1850, music was written within ________; he had to do to be successful: be aware of the style
after 1850, composers had to compete with a _________. accepted by audiences and then introduce something
new. 1. How are you going to succeed? Do you have that
same perspective for your future? Is that concept still
2. (720) This was the beginning of musicology. What applicable to our world? 2. Why is it, then, that we
editions were published? Most of the composers were continue to teach freshman music theory, etc.? Can you
________; musicologists, _________. think of instances where the academic route has been
circumvented?

3. Renaissance and Baroque music came out in what 15. What were Brahms's orchestral works before the
editions? symphonies?

16. List the symphonies.

4. What is the English collection? French?

5. Because of interest in previous music, there was more

music available and more variety for programs. 17. (725) SR: Brahms was born in _______. His father was a
6. What ways did composers compete with music that was musician. Brahms studied ________ and earned money
familiar to audiences? by __________.

18. SR: Brahms had the support of __________. He had a

7. (721) What were the dichotomies of Brahms and relationship with _____, but nothing is known beyond
Wagner? that.

19. SR: How did Brahms make his living?

8. What techniques did Brahms borrow from Liszt? What
three goals did both camps have in common?

9. Nationalism was still an important aspect of instrumental 20. SR: What composers did he edit?
music in the 19th century.

10. (722) SR: Who bridged the gap between Brahms and 21. SR: Make a list of the compositions you haven't
Wagner? recorded.

11. (723) What are some of the terms associated with the
lighter side of classical music?

12. In the beginning a composer could write in both styles,

but later composers specialized in one or the other.

Burkholder/Grout/Palisca, Ninth Edition, Chapter 29

22. (726) What are the unusual things about Brahms's first 33. (729) What are some of the techniques that Brahms used
symphony? in his piano works?

34. What composers influenced his three piano sonatas?

23. What are the three characteristics demonstrated in 35. What are the variation works?
Brahms's third symphony?

36. What are some of the techniques in the Handel

variations?
24. What is the form of the fourth movement of the fourth
symphony?

25. (727) What might have been the melody source? 37. What is the purpose of the Waltzes, Op. 39 (1865) and
Hungarian Dances (1872)? Home, dance, or concert?

26. Is there a precedence for a theme and variations final 38. At the end he wrote six collections of ______.
movement?

39. What are the formal structures of these pieces? Deft?

27. Wow! Bariolage. It appeared in the 7th edition. Now

you're responsible for it! But all the other things the 40. What is the texture of Brahms's songs? How many?
author has omitted in the 7th through 9th editions, you What form?
are not responsible for because they never existed
(unless they are introduced anachronistically)! Keep
your fingers crossed for basso seguente, et alia (which
means, "and others"). 41. NOTE: A discussion of "Wie Melodien zieht es mir" in
28. TQ: What is the purpose of the paragraph "The rich web the 7th edition gave the following characteristics of his
of allusion…."? song writing, so I'll leave it here with the answer.
What are the characteristics of his songwriting with
regard to melody, harmony, accompaniment?

29. His violin concerto ranks with ________. His best piano
concerto, in __ movements!, is his __.

30. (728) Brahms has __ chamber works.

42. (730) Much of his choral music was composed for _____
performers.
31. What are the chamber works that feature piano?

43. His greatest choral work is the _____ for ______. Is it

liturgically correct?
32. What is the term for Brahms's transforming themes? TQ:
What is it for Liszt (see p. 732)?

44. Brahms was considered _____, but he didn't take the

easy way out through innovation.

© 2014, 2009, 2007, 2001, 2000 Ted A. DuBois

24 56. (734) Liszt's symphonic poems influenced what
composers? Chromaticisms? Augmented triad?
45. Franz Brendel coined the phrase "New German School"
for the composers _______. What is the premise? Who's
on the other side? Who joined Wagner later?

57. What were Bruckner's two genres?

46. (731) SR: What was Hanslick's position? Liszt's? 58. What was his occupation?

59. How many symphonies? Are they all definitive? Which

one is descriptive?
47. (732) In 18__, Liszt retired from performing, became a
conductor in ______, and concentrated on _________.

60. What is it about Beethoven's Ninth that Bruckner

48. Between 18__ and 18__, Liszt wrote __ _____ poems. emulated? Inchoate? Gambit?
Another was added in 1881-82.

49. (732) Define symphonic poem. What formal structure? 61. Beethoven's fourth-movement hymn served as a model
for the _____-like themes in most of Bruckner's finales.
Bruckner's finales often _____ subjects from earlier
movements.

50. What is the source of the symphonic poems mentioned

in the second paragraph? 62. What did he borrow from Wagner? Why was he so good
at orchestration?

51. What are the two symphonies? Are they programmatic? 63. (735) What is the Cecilian movement?

52. Liszt's method of changing the shape of the theme to 64. His motet Os justi is _____; Virga Jesse has _______.
match the mood of the program is known as ________. His Mass No. __ in E Minor (1866) is a unique neo-
The piece used to illustrate this procedure is ________. medieval work for __-part chorus and __ wind
instruments.

53. (733) A non-programmatic work is his ___ piano 65. (736) Bruckner designed his sacred music to function
concerto in E-flat Major, which has __ movements. equally well as part of the ____ or as ____ music and to
project a sense of ______ while incorporating _____
harmony.
54. Eliminated from the 8th edition: His piano sonata in B
minor (1853) has __ themes and can be seen as a ____
form or a ___-movement form played without pause. 66. What were Hugo Wolf's genres? Specialty?

55. Two oratorios, _____ and _____, have themes derived

from _____ 67. Wolf's ___ songs were written in a __-year period.

Burkholder/Grout/Palisca, Ninth Edition, Chapter 29

68. (737) Name the collections.

69. Lebe wohl illustrates ______'s arioso style, continuity

through the ____ part. There's also ______ voice-
leading, NCTS, and _____ tonality. Dissonances
resolves to ______, pure triads are ____, phrases end
more often on _____ chords. What is chromatic
saturation?

70. Richard Strauss earned his living as a _____. He was in

what cities? As a composer, what is he best remembered
for?

71. Who are models for Strauss? Why?

72. What are the names of the tone poems and program
source?

Personal experiences

73. (738) The music of Don Juan gives a hint of the story
rather than following it exactly. Till Eulenspiegel (1894-
95) is more representational (with composer notes in the
margins). It's in a "____" form. What is the story of Also
sprach? Philosophical or representational?

74. What is the form of Don Quixote? (739) What

instrument represents Don Quixote? Sancho Panza?

75. Brahms wrote in all genres to make his way into the
repertoire. Wagner and his group focused on just a few
genres.

© 2014, 2009, 2007, 2001, 2000 Ted A. DuBois