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Practical No-3 Linux

This document outlines a practical exercise on user and group management in Linux for the Computer Science and Engineering department at Shri Ramdeobaba College. It includes an overview of user types, key files, and essential commands for managing users and groups, as well as detailed experimentation tasks for creating users, groups, and managing file ownership. Additionally, it provides a bonus section on file permissions using command-line tools.

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27 views3 pages

Practical No-3 Linux

This document outlines a practical exercise on user and group management in Linux for the Computer Science and Engineering department at Shri Ramdeobaba College. It includes an overview of user types, key files, and essential commands for managing users and groups, as well as detailed experimentation tasks for creating users, groups, and managing file ownership. Additionally, it provides a bonus section on file permissions using command-line tools.

Uploaded by

ak2204eq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PRACTICAL NO.

3 – User and Group Management in Linux (Updated)


Institution: Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management,
Nagpur
Department: Computer Science and Engineering
Session: 2024–2025
Subject: Fundamentals of Linux OS – I Semester

Aim: Explore and execute user and group management in Linux using modern command-line tools.

THEORY OVERVIEW

Linux is a multi-user operating system where user and group management is essential for security
and resource control. Users are assigned permissions individually or through groups, which simplifies
administration.

User Types

●​ Root: Superuser with full access.

●​ Regular Users: Limited access to their own files.

●​ System Users: Used by services; no login shell.

Key Files

●​ /etc/passwd: User info

●​ /etc/shadow: Encrypted passwords

●​ /etc/group: Group info

●​ /etc/gshadow: Group password policies

Commands

Task Command

Create user sudo useradd username

Set password sudo passwd username

Delete user sudo userdel -r username

Create group sudo groupadd groupname

Add user to group sudo usermod -aG groupname username

Rename group sudo groupmod -n newgroupname oldgroupname

Delete group sudo groupdel groupname

Change file owner/group sudo chown owner:group filename


Task Command

Change group ownership sudo chgrp groupname filename

View users cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd

View groups cut -d: -f1 /etc/group

View user info id username

View user groups groups username

EXPERIMENTATION TASKS

🔹 Part 1: User Management


1.​ Create a user student with home directory and shell /bin/bash.

2.​ Set password for student to password123.

3.​ Add student to sudo group.

4.​ Display UID, GID, and group memberships of student.

5.​ Delete student and their home directory.

6.​ Create user rbu with:

o​ UID: 123

o​ GID: 1003

o​ Home: /home/rbu/rbu

o​ Shell: /bin/sh

o​ Password: rbu
Part 2: Group Management

1.​ Create group developers.

2.​ Create user devuser and add to developers.

3.​ Verify group membership of devuser.

4.​ Rename group developers to devteam.

Part 3: Ownership and Permissions

1.​ Create file file1.txt as user rbu.

2.​ Create user rbu2 without setting a password.

3.​ Change owner of file1.txt to rbu2 and group to devteam.

BONUS: FILE PERMISSIONS

Use ls -l filename to view permissions. Use chmod 755 filename to set:

●​ Owner: read/write/execute

●​ Group: read/execute

●​ Others: read/execute

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