B pharmacy 1st semester introduction External subjects Internal subjects #HAP #comunication skill #pharmaceutical inorganic chemistry #remedial biology or #ph tical analysi pharmaceutical analysis ne #pharmaceuticsBP101T. HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-I (Theory) 45 Hours ‘Scope: This subject is designed to impart fundamental knowledge on the structure and functions of the various systems of the human body. It also helps in understanding both homeostatic mechanisms. The subject provides the basic knowledge required to understand the various disciplines of pharmacy. Objectives: Upon completion of this course the student should be able to 1. Explain the gross morphology, structure and functions of various organs of the human body. 2. Describe the various homeostatic mechanisms and their imbalances. 3. Identify the various tissues and organs of different systems of human body. 4. Perform the various experiments related to special senses and nervous system. 5. Appreciate coordinated working pattern of different organs of each system Course Content: Unit 10 hours + Introduction to human body Definition and scope of anatomy and physiology, levels of structural organization and body systems, basic life processes, homeostasis, basic anatomical terminology. © Cellular level of organization Structure and functions of cell, transport across cell membrane, cell division, cell junctions. General principles of cell communication, intracellular signaling pathway activation by extracellular signal molecule, Forms of intracellular signaling: a) Contact-dependent b) Paracrine c) Synaptic d) Endocrine © Tissue level of organization Classification of tissues, structure, location and functions of epithelial, muscular and nervous and connective tissues. Unit 1 10 hours © Integumentary system ‘Structure and functions of skin © Skeletal system Divisions of skeletal system, types of bone, salient features and functions of bones of axial and appendicular skeletal system Organization of skeletal muscle, physiology of muscle contraction, neuromuscular junction 29 = Joints Structural and functional classification, types of joints movements and its articulation Unit 111 10 hours * Body fuids and blood * Body fluids, composition and functions of blood, hemopoeisis, formation of hemoglobin, anemia, mechanisms of coagulation, blood grouping, Rh factors, transfusion, its significance and disorders of blood, Reticulo endothelial system. © Lymphatic system Lymphatic organs and tissues, lymphatic vessels, lymph circulation and functions of Iymphatic system Unit IV 08 hours Peripheral nervous system: Classification of peripheral nervous system: Structure and functions of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Origin and functions of spinal and cranial nerves. ‘© Special senses Structure and functions of eye, ear, nose and tongue and their disorders. Unit V 07 hours © Cardiovascular system Heart — anatomy of heart, blood circulation, blood vessels, structure and functions of artery, vein and capillaries, elements of conduction system of heart and heart beat, its regulation by autonomic nervous system, cardiac output, cardiac cycle. Regulation of blood pressure, pulse, electrocardiogram and disorders of heart. 30BP102T. PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS (Theory) 45 Hours Scope: This course deals with the fundamentals of analytical chemistry and principles of electrochemical analysis of drugs Objectives: Upon completion of the course student shall be able to © understand the principles of volumetric and electro chemical analysis © carryout various volumetric and electrochemical titrations ‘© develop analytical skills ‘Course Content: UNIT-I 10 Hours (a) Pharmaceutical analysis- Definition and scope Different techniques of anal ysi ii) Methods of expressing concentration iii) Primary and secondary standards. iv) Preparation and standardization of various molar and normal solutions- Oxalic acid, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, sodium thiosulphate, sulphuric acid, potassium permanganate and ceric ammonium sulphate (b)Errors: Sources of errors, types of errors, methods of minimizing errors, accuracy, precision and significant figures (Pharmacopoeia, Sources of impurities in medicinal agents, UNIT-IL 10 Hours ‘+ Acid base titration: Theories of acid base indicators, classification of acid base titrations and theory involved in titrations of strong, weak, and very weak acids and bases, neutralization curves ‘+ Non aqueous titration: Solvents, acidimetry and alkalimetry titration and estimation of Sodium benzoate and Ephedrine HCL UNIT-II 10 Hours * Precipitation titrations: Mohr’s method, Volhard’s, Modified Vothard’s, Fajans method, estimation of sodium chloride. ‘+ Complexometric titration: Classification, metal ion indicators, masking and demasking reagents, estimation of Magnesium sulphate, and calcium gluconate. ‘© Gravimetry: Principle and steps involved in gravimetric analysis. Purity of the precipitate: co-precipitation and post precipitation, Estimation of barium sulphate. ests. ‘* Basic Principles,methods and application of diazotisation titration. 33 UNIT-IV 08 Hours Redox titrations (a) Concepts of oxidation and reduction (b) Types of redox titrations (Principles and applications) Cerimetry, lodimetry, Iodometry, Bromatometry, Dichrometry, Titration with potassium iodate UNIT-V 07 Hours ‘* Electrochemical methods of analysis © Conductometry- Introduction, Conductivity cell, Conductometric titrations, applications. + Potentiometry - Electrochemical cell, construction and working, of reference (Standard hydrogen, silver chloride electrode and calomel electrode) and indicator electrodes (metal electrodes and glass electrode), methods to determine end point of potentiometric titration and applications. © Polarography - Principle, Mkovic equation, construction and working of dropping mercury electrode and rotating platinum electrode, applications 34BP103T. PHARMACEUTICS- I (Theory) 45 Hours Scope: This course is designed to impart a fundamental knowledge on the preparatory pharmacy with arts and science of preparing the different conventional dosage forms. ‘Objectives: Upon completion of this course the student should be able Know the history of profession of pharmacy ‘© Understand the basics of different dosage forms, pharmaceutical incompatibilities and pharmaceutical calculations Understand the professional way of handli the prescription ‘* Preparation of various conventional dosage forms, Course Content: UNIT-I 10 Hours ‘* Historical background and development of profession of pharmacy: History of profession of Pharmacy in India in relation to pharmacy education, industry and organization, Pharmacy as a career, Pharmacopoeias: Introduction to IP, BP, USP and Extra Pharmacopoeia. * Dosage forms: Introduction to dosage forms, classification and definitions © Preseription: Definition, Parts of prescription, handling of Prescription and Errors in prescription. * Posology: Definition, Factors affecting posology. Pediatric dose calculations based on age, body weight and body surface area. UNIT—I1 10 Hours * Pharmaceutical calculations: Weights and measures - Imperial & Metric system, Calculations involving percentage solutions, alligation, proof spirit and isotonic solutions based on freezing point and molecular weight. * Powders: Definition, classification, advantages and disadvantages,Simple & compound powders — official preparations, dusting powders, effervescent, efflorescent and hygroscopic powders, eutectic mixtures. Geometric dilutions. Liquid dosage forms: Advantages and disadvantages of liquid dosage forms Excipients used in formulation of liquid dosage forms. Solubility enhancement techniques 36 UNIT - II 08 Hours * Monophasic liquids: Definitions and preparations of Gargles, Mouthwashes, Throat Paint, Eardrops, Nasal drops, Enemas, Syrups, Elixirs, Liniments and Lotions. Biphasic liquids: * Suspensions: Definition, advantages and disadvantages, classifications, Preparation of suspensions; Flocculated and Deflocculated suspension & stability problems and methods to overcome. «Emulsions: Definition, classification, emulsifying agent, test for the identification of type ofmulsion, Methods of preparation & stability problems and methods to overcome. UNIT-IV 08 Hours * Suppositories: Definition, types, advantages and disadvantages, types of bases, methods of preparations. Displacement value & its calculations, evaluation of suppositories. Pharmaceutical incompatibilities: Definition, classification, physical, chemical and therapeutic incompatibilities with examples. UNIV-V 07 Hours * Semisolid dosage forms: Definitions, classification, mechanisms and factors influencing dermal penetration of drugs. Preparation of ointments, pastes, creams and gels. Excipients used in semi solid dosage forms. Evaluation of semi solid dosages forms 7BP104T. PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (Theory) 45 Hours ‘Scope: This subject deals with the monographs of inorganic drugs and pharmaceuticals, Objectives: Upon completion of course student shall be able to ‘*know the sources of impurities and methods to determine the impurities in inorganic drugs and pharmaceuticals ‘*understand the medicinal and pharmaceutical importance of inorganic compounds Course Content: UNITI ‘© Impurities in pharmaceutical substances: History of Pharmacopoeia, Sources and types of impurities, principle involved in the limit test for Chloride, Sulphate, Iron, Arsenic, Lead and Heavy metals, modified limit test for Chloride and Sulphate General methods of preparation, assay for the compounds superscripted with asterisk (*), properties and medicinal uses of inorganic compounds belonging to the following classes UNIT * Acids, Bases and Buffers: Buffer equations and buffer capacity in general, buffers in pharmaceutical systems, preparation, stability, buffered isotonic solutions, measurements of tonicity, calculations and methods of adjusting isotonicity. * Major extra and intracellular electrolytes: Functions of _ major physiological ions, Electrolytes used in the replacement therapy: Sodium chloride, Potassium chloride, Calcium gluconate* and Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS), Physiological acid base balance. Dental products: Dentifrices, role of fluoride in the treatment of dental caries, Desensitizing agents, Calcium carbonate, Sodium fluoride, and Zine eugenol cement. UNIT I © Gastrointestinal agents Acidifiers: Ammonium chloride* and Dil. HCI Antacid: Ideal properties of antaci Is, combinations of antacids, Sodium 40 Bicarbonate*, Aluminum hydroxide gel, Magnesium hydroxide mixture Cathartics: Magnesium sulphate, Sodium orthophosphate, Kaolin and Bentonite Antimicrobials: Mechanism, classification, Potassium permanganate, Boric acid, Hydrogen peroxide*, Chlorinated lime*, lodine and its preparations UNITIV ‘+ Miscellaneous compounds Expectorants: Potassium iodide, Ammonium chloride’. Emeties: Copper sulphate*, Sodium potassium tartarate Haematinies: Ferrous sulphate*, Ferrous gluconate Poison and Antidote: Sodium thiosulphate*, Activated charcoal, Sodium nitrite333 Astringents: Zine Sulphate, Potash Alum UNITV * Radiopharmaceuticals: Radio activity, Measurement of radioactivity, Properties of , , radiations, Half life, radio isotopes and study of radio isotopes - Sodium iodide I'', Storage conditions, precautions & pharmaceutical application of radioactive substances. a 10 Hours 10 Hours 10 Hours 08 Hours 07 HoursExam pattern #Total marks =100 #external marks or theory exam marks =75 #internal marks =25 Passing marks =50% or 50 marks out of 100 R For Handwritten notes CONNECT WITH us on instagram: KX