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SQL-rdms Interview Simple Questions

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20 views1 page

SQL-rdms Interview Simple Questions

Uploaded by

shubhchou4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

📌 SQL / RDBMS Interview Questions & Answers

✅ Basics

Q1. Difference between INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL OUTER JOIN?

INNER JOIN: returns only matching rows from both tables.

LEFT JOIN: all rows from left + matching rows from right.

RIGHT JOIN: all rows from right + matching rows from left.

FULL OUTER JOIN: all rows from both sides, with NULL where no match.

Q2. What is the difference between DELETE, TRUNCATE, and DROP?

DELETE: removes rows, can use WHERE, logged, can rollback.

TRUNCATE: removes all rows, faster, minimal logging, can’t use WHERE.

DROP: removes the table structure itself.

Q3. What are constraints in SQL?

NOT NULL – disallows null values

UNIQUE – ensures all values in column are unique

PRIMARY KEY – unique + not null

FOREIGN KEY – ensures referential integrity

CHECK – enforces condition

DEFAULT – provides default value

Q4. Difference between WHERE and HAVING?

WHERE: filters rows before aggregation

HAVING: filters groups after aggregation

Example:

SELECT dept, COUNT(*)


FROM employees
WHERE salary > 50000
GROUP BY dept
HAVING COUNT(*) > 5;

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