Inorganic Chemistry
Lecture No- 7
P-Block
By – OM PANDEY, IIT Delhi
1 Silicate and silicone
Talk with UQT’s
Borax Bead Test Identification of d block metals
On Heating borax , first loses water and swells up .
On further heating it turns into transparent liquid which solidifies in glass like
material ( borax bead).
Na2B4O7 • 10H2O
CuO
CoO
Cr2O3
Sodium Peroxo-borate Na2 [ B2 (OH)4 (O2)2 ]
By oxidizing boric acid or sodium metaborate with H2O2.
Sodium peroxoborate is used as a brightener in washing powders.
Compounds of Silicon Silica Silicones Silicates Zeolites
Silica 95 % of earth crust is made up of silica & silicates .
Silicon dioxide is a covalent , 3-D network soild .
Silicon dioxide is solid but CO2 is gas .
Silica in its normal form is almost non-reactive because of very high Si — O bond enthalpy.
NaOH
HF
SiO2
Metal
X2
H2
H2O
Silicones Synthetic Organosilicon Polymers
Repeating unit :
Cu H2O
R — Cl + Si
Chain length of the polymer can be controlled by adding R3SiCl which blocks the ends.
ether
R — Cl + Mg
SiCl4
NCERT
Silicones are resistant of Heat Water Electricity .
They are used as sealant, greases, electrical insulators and for water
proofing of fabrics.
Silicones are Bio-compatible. So, they have surgical & cosmetic plants .
Binary compound of silicon & oxygen
Silicates
2 important man-made silicates are glass and cement .
Orthosilicic acid Pyrosilicic acid
Formula
Anion
Name of silicates
Structure
Silicates Anion Si : O No of oxygen (-) charge per unit
(shared) tetrahedron
Ortho
Pyro
Chain/
Cyclic
2-D sheet
3-D sheet
QUESTION (27 June, 2022 / Shift-I)
Match the List-I with List-II.
List-I (Si-compounds) List-II (Si-polymeric/Other products)
(A) (CH3)4Si (I) Chain Silicone
(B) (CH3)Si(OH)3 (II) Dimetric Silicone
(C) (CH3)2Si(OH)2 (III) Silane
(D) (CH3)3Si(OH) (IV) 2D-Silicone
A (A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(IV)
B (A)-(IV), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(III)
C (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)
D (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
QUESTION (09 Jan, 2019 / Shift-I)
Correct statements among (i) to (iv) regarding silicones are
(i) They are polymers with hydrophobic character
(ii) They are biocompatible
(iii) In general, they have high thermal stability and low dielectric strength
(iv) Usually they are resistant to oxidation and used as greases.
A (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
B (i), (ii) and (iii)
C (i) and (ii) only
D (i), (ii) and (iv)
QUESTION (27 June, 2019 / Shift-I)
The basic structural unit of feldspar, zeolites, mica and asbestos is :
A (SiO3)2–
B SiO2
C (SiO4)4–
R
D ( Si – O )
R (R = Me)
QUESTION (29 Jan, 2023 / Shift-I)
During the borax bead test with CuSO4, a blue green colour of the bead was observed in
oxidising flame due to the formation of
A Cu3B2
B Cu
C Cu(BO2)2
D CuO
