Sure!
Below are **Python programming questions and answers** for each of the
following data types:
1. **Integer**
2. **String**
3. **List**
4. **Dictionary**
5. **Boolean**
---
### ✅ 1. Integer
**Question:**
Write a Python program to check whether a given integer is **even or odd**.
**Answer:**
```python
num = int(input("Enter an integer: "))
if num % 2 == 0:
print("The number is even.")
else:
print("The number is odd.")
```
---
### ✅ 2. String
**Question:**
Write a Python program to **count the number of vowels** in a given string.
**Answer:**
```python
string = input("Enter a string: ")
vowels = "aeiouAEIOU"
count = 0
for char in string:
if char in vowels:
count += 1
print("Number of vowels:", count)
```
---
### ✅ 3. List
**Question:**
Write a Python program to **find the largest number** in a list.
**Answer:**
```python
numbers = [12, 45, 78, 3, 67, 89, 23]
largest = max(numbers)
print("The largest number is:", largest)
```
---
### ✅ 4. Dictionary
**Question:**
Write a Python program to **count the frequency of each character** in a string
using a dictionary.
**Answer:**
```python
string = input("Enter a string: ")
char_count = {}
for char in string:
if char in char_count:
char_count[char] += 1
else:
char_count[char] = 1
print("Character frequency:")
print(char_count)
```
---
### ✅ 5. Boolean
**Question:**
Write a Python program to check if a given number is **both positive and even**.
Use Boolean logic.
**Answer:**
```python
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
is_positive = num > 0
is_even = num % 2 == 0
if is_positive and is_even:
print("The number is positive and even.")
else:
print("The number is not both positive and even.")
```
---
Would you like more advanced examples or versions for functions, classes, or file
handling too?
Great! Here's a **new set of Python questions and answers** for each data type
(Integer, String, List, Dictionary, Boolean), focusing specifically on using:
* `for` loops
* `while` loops
* `if-else` statements
---
### ✅ **1. Integer**
---
#### **Question 1 (for loop):**
Write a program to print the sum of the first 10 positive integers.
**Answer:**
```python
total = 0
for i in range(1, 21):
total += i
print("Sum of first 20 positive integers:", total)
```
---
#### **Question 2 (while loop):**
Write a program to check if a number is a **prime number**.
**Answer:**
```python
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
is_prime = True
i = 2
if num <= 1:
is_prime = False
else:
while i < num:
if num % i == 0:
is_prime = False
break
i += 1
if is_prime:
print(num, "is a prime number.")
else:
print(num, "is not a prime number.")
```
---
### ✅ **2. String**
---
#### **Question 3 (for loop + if):**
Write a program to **count uppercase and lowercase letters** in a string.
**Answer:**
```python
string = input("Enter a string: ")
upper = 0
lower = 0
for char in string:
if char.isupper():
upper += 1
elif char.islower():
lower += 1
print("Uppercase letters:", upper)
print("Lowercase letters:", lower)
```
---
#### **Question 4 (while loop + if-else):**
Write a program to reverse a string **using a while loop**.
**Answer:**
```python
string = input("Enter a string: ")
reversed_string = ''
i = len(string) - 1
while i >= 0:
reversed_string += string[i]
i -= 1
print("Reversed string:", reversed_string)
```
---
### ✅ **3. List**
---
#### **Question 5 (for loop + if):**
Write a program to print **all even numbers** from a list.
**Answer:**
```python
numbers = [1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19]
for num in numbers:
if num % 2 == 0:
print(num)
```
---
#### **Question 6 (while loop + if-else):**
Write a program to calculate the **sum of positive numbers only** in a list.
**Answer:**
```python
numbers = [3, -2, 7, -5, 10, -1]
i = 0
total = 0
while i < len(numbers):
if numbers[i] > 0:
total += numbers[i]
i += 1
print("Sum of positive numbers:", total)
```
---
### ✅ **4. Dictionary**
---
#### **Question 7 (for loop):**
Write a program to print each **key and value** in a dictionary.
**Answer:**
```python
student = {"name": "Alice", "age": 20, "grade": "A"}
for key in student:
print(key, ":", student[key])
```
---
#### **Question 8 (if-else):**
Write a program to check if a key exists in a dictionary.
**Answer:**
```python
person = {"name": "John", "city": "New York", "age": 25}
key = input("Enter a key to check: ")
if key in person:
print(f"The key '{key}' exists. Value: {person[key]}")
else:
print(f"The key '{key}' does not exist.")
```
---
### ✅ **5. Boolean**
---
#### **Question 9 (if-else + Boolean logic):**
Write a program to check if a user is eligible to vote (age >= 18 and citizen ==
True).
**Answer:**
```python
age = int(input("Enter age: "))
citizen = input("Are you a citizen? (yes/no): ").lower() == "yes"
if age >= 18 and citizen:
print("You are eligible to vote.")
else:
print("You are not eligible to vote.")
```
---
#### **Question 10 (while loop + Boolean flag):**
Write a program that keeps asking the user to enter a **positive number** until
they do.
**Answer:**
```python
valid = False
while not valid:
num = int(input("Enter a positive number: "))
if num > 0:
valid = True
print("Thank you! You entered:", num)
else:
print("That's not a positive number. Try again.")
```
---
Would you like similar questions using **functions**, **file handling**, or
**classes** next?
Absolutely! Below are **logical thinking Python problems** (questions only)
organized by data type — focusing on **Integer, String, List, Dictionary, and
Boolean**. These are designed to challenge your **reasoning and problem-solving**
skills a bit more than basic syntax tasks.
Let me know if you'd like the answers as well after trying them out.
---
## 🧠 LOGICAL THINKING PROBLEMS
---
### 🔢 **1. Integer**
#### **Q1. Armstrong Number Checker**
Check whether a number is an **Armstrong number** (e.g., 153 = 1³ + 5³ + 3³).
---
#### **Q2. Reverse Digits Without String Conversion**
Given a positive integer, **reverse its digits** without converting it to a string.
---
#### **Q3. Digital Root**
Keep summing the digits of a number until a **single-digit** number is obtained.
*Example:* 987 → 9+8+7 = 24 → 2+4 = **6**
---
### 🧵 **2. String**
#### **Q4. Anagram Checker**
Write a program to check if two strings are **anagrams** (contain the same
characters in a different order).
---
#### **Q5. Palindrome Ignoring Spaces and Case**
Check if a sentence is a **palindrome** (ignoring spaces, punctuation, and case).
*Example:* "Was it a car or a cat I saw" → Palindrome ✅
---
#### **Q6. Longest Word Finder**
Find the **longest word** in a given sentence.
---
### 📋 **3. List**
#### **Q7. Second Largest Unique Number**
Find the **second largest unique number** in a list without using `sort()`.
---
#### **Q8. Find Missing Number**
A list contains numbers from 1 to 100, but one number is missing. Find it **without
using loops over the full range**.
---
#### **Q9. Remove Duplicates Without Set**
Remove all **duplicate elements** from a list manually (i.e., without using `set()`
or libraries).
---
### 📚 **4. Dictionary**
#### **Q10. Invert a Dictionary**
Given a dictionary, invert it — swap keys and values.
*Example:* `{"a": 1, "b": 2}` → `{1: "a", 2: "b"}`
---
#### **Q11. Most Frequent Value**
Find the **most frequent value** in a dictionary.
---
#### **Q12. Merge Two Dictionaries with Summed Values**
Merge two dictionaries by **adding values of common keys**.
*Example:*
```python
dict1 = {'a': 5, 'b': 2}
dict2 = {'a': 3, 'c': 4}
# Result → {'a': 8, 'b': 2, 'c': 4}
```
---
### ✅ **5. Boolean**
#### **Q13. Truth Table Evaluator**
Ask the user for two boolean values and print the result of:
* AND
* OR
* NOT (on each)
* XOR
---
#### **Q14. Password Strength Checker**
Check if a password is **strong** using Boolean logic:
* At least 8 characters
* Contains a digit
* Contains an uppercase letter
* Contains a symbol
---
#### **Q15. Login System with Limited Attempts**
Simulate a login system that gives the user **3 attempts** to enter the correct
password. After 3 failed tries, it locks them out.
---
Would you like detailed **answers** or solutions for any of these next? You can
also choose a specific problem you'd like to try.
In the meantime, I’ll provide detailed answers for each question **right here**
below.
---
## ✅ DETAILED LOGICAL PROBLEM ANSWERS
---
### 🔢 **1. Integer**
#### **Q1. Armstrong Number Checker**
```python
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
sum_of_powers = 0
temp = num
num_digits = len(str(num))
while temp > 0:
digit = temp % 10
sum_of_powers += digit ** num_digits
temp //= 10
if sum_of_powers == num:
print("Armstrong number.")
else:
print("Not an Armstrong number.")
```
---
#### **Q2. Reverse Digits Without String Conversion**
```python
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
reversed_num = 0
while num > 0:
digit = num % 10
reversed_num = reversed_num * 10 + digit
num //= 10
print("Reversed number:", reversed_num)
```
---
#### **Q3. Digital Root**
```python
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
def digital_root(n):
while n >= 10:
sum_digits = 0
while n > 0:
sum_digits += n % 10
n //= 10
n = sum_digits
return n
print("Digital Root:", digital_root(num))
```
---
### 🧵 **2. String**
#### **Q4. Anagram Checker**
```python
str1 = input("Enter first string: ").lower().replace(" ", "")
str2 = input("Enter second string: ").lower().replace(" ", "")
if sorted(str1) == sorted(str2):
print("They are anagrams.")
else:
print("They are not anagrams.")
```
---
#### **Q5. Palindrome Ignoring Spaces and Case**
```python
text = input("Enter a sentence: ").lower()
cleaned = ''.join(char for char in text if char.isalnum())
if cleaned == cleaned[::-1]:
print("It's a palindrome.")
else:
print("Not a palindrome.")
```
---
#### **Q6. Longest Word Finder**
```python
sentence = input("Enter a sentence: ")
words = sentence.split()
longest = ""
for word in words:
if len(word) > len(longest):
longest = word
print("Longest word:", longest)
```
---
### 📋 **3. List**
#### **Q7. Second Largest Unique Number**
```python
numbers = [10, 40, 20, 40, 30, 10]
unique = []
for num in numbers:
if num not in unique:
unique.append(num)
first = second = float('-inf')
for num in unique:
if num > first:
second = first
first = num
elif num > second:
second = num
print("Second largest unique number:", second)
```
---
#### **Q8. Find Missing Number (1 to 100)**
```python
numbers = list(range(1, 101))
numbers.remove(57) # simulate missing number
expected_sum = 100 * 101 // 2
actual_sum = sum(numbers)
print("Missing number is:", expected_sum - actual_sum)
```
---
#### **Q9. Remove Duplicates Without Set**
```python
original = [1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5]
unique = []
for item in original:
if item not in unique:
unique.append(item)
print("List without duplicates:", unique)
```
---
### 📚 **4. Dictionary**
#### **Q10. Invert a Dictionary**
```python
original = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
inverted = {}
for key, value in original.items():
inverted[value] = key
print("Inverted dictionary:", inverted)
```
---
#### **Q11. Most Frequent Value**
```python
data = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 2, 'd': 3, 'e': 2}
freq = {}
for key in data:
val = data[key]
if val in freq:
freq[val] += 1
else:
freq[val] = 1
most_frequent = max(freq, key=freq.get)
print("Most frequent value:", most_frequent)
```
---
#### **Q12. Merge Two Dictionaries with Summed Values**
```python
dict1 = {'a': 5, 'b': 2}
dict2 = {'a': 3, 'c': 4}
merged = {}
for key in dict1:
merged[key] = dict1[key]
for key in dict2:
if key in merged:
merged[key] += dict2[key]
else:
merged[key] = dict2[key]
print("Merged dictionary:", merged)
```
---
### ✅ **5. Boolean**
#### **Q13. Truth Table Evaluator**
```python
a = input("Enter first boolean (true/false): ").lower() == "true"
b = input("Enter second boolean (true/false): ").lower() == "true"
print("AND:", a and b)
print("OR:", a or b)
print("NOT A:", not a)
print("NOT B:", not b)
print("XOR:", a != b)
```
---
#### **Q14. Password Strength Checker**
```python
import string
password = input("Enter password: ")
has_digit = any(c.isdigit() for c in password)
has_upper = any(c.isupper() for c in password)
has_symbol = any(c in string.punctuation for c in password)
is_long_enough = len(password) >= 8
if all([has_digit, has_upper, has_symbol, is_long_enough]):
print("Strong password.")
else:
print("Weak password.")
```
---
#### **Q15. Login System with Limited Attempts**
```python
correct_password = "letmein"
attempts = 3
while attempts > 0:
entered = input("Enter password: ")
if entered == correct_password:
print("Access granted.")
break
else:
attempts -= 1
print(f"Incorrect. {attempts} attempts left.")
if attempts == 0:
print("Account locked.")
```
---
Would you like a **PDF export**, **quiz version**, or **project-style problems**
based on this too?
