1

Weekly-05 [A] (Solve Sheet)

wm‡jevm: mshy³ †Kv‡Yi w·KvYwgwZK AbycvZ, wecixZ w·KvYwgwZ  Av`k© M¨vm I
M¨v‡mi MwZZË¡, ZvcMwZwe`¨v  ivmvqwbK mvg¨ve¯’v, Kg©g~Lx imvqb
c~Y©gvb: 400 Set-01 mgq: 2 NÈv

   cos(sin–1x + sin–1y) = cos( – sin–1z)

tan–1
3sin2 
+ tan–1 tan = ? †hLv‡b, – <  <
1
1.
5 + 3cos2 4  2 2  cos(sin–1x).cos(sin–1y) – sin(sin–1x).sin(sin–1y) = – cos(sin–1z)
   1 – x2 . 1 – y2 – xy = – 1 – z2
[tan–1
3sin2  [4 Marks]
+ tan–1 tan = ? where – <  < ]
1
5 + 3cos2 4  2 2  1 – x . 1 – y = xy – 1 – z
2 2 2

–1 3sin2  –11   (1 – x2)(1 – y2) = x2y2 + 1 – z2 – 2xy 1 – z2

mgvavb: tan + tan
4 tan
5 + 3cos2  1 – x2 – y2 + x2y2 = x2y2 + 1 – z2 – 2xy 1 – z2
 (x2 + y2 – z2)2 = 4x2y2(1 – z2)
3
2tan 
  + tan2   x4 + y4 + z4 + 2x2y2 – 2y2z2 – 2x2z2 = 4x2y2 – 4x2y2z2
+ tan–1
tan
= tan–1
1 – tan2 
1
[3 Marks]
  4   x4 + y4 + z4 + 4x2y2z2 = 2(x2y2 + y2z2 + z2x2) [6 Marks]
 1 + tan2
5+3

–1
4. hw` tan–1x + tan–1y + tan–1z = Ges x + y + z = 3 nq,
= tan
6tan  + tan –1tan 2
5 + 5tan2 + 3 – 3tan2  4  †`LvI †h, x = y = z
= tan–1
3tan  –1tan
+ tan 
4 + tan2  4  [If tan–1x + tan–1y + tan–1z = and x + y + z = 3, then show
2
4 + tan  + 4 
3tan tan
2 that x = y = z.]
= tan–1  1 – 3tan  
2 [3 Marks]
mgvavb: tan–1x + tan–1y + tan–1z = 2

 16 + 4tan   2
x + y + z – xyz  
16tan + tan   tan–1
= tan 
3
–1
 – xy – yz – zx = 2
1
 16 + tan2  x + y + z – xyz 
tan(16 + tan )
2
 = tan
= tan–1   1 – xy – yz – zx 2
 16 + tan  
2
 1 – xy – yz – zx = 0
= tan–1(tan)  xy + yz + zx = 1 [4 Marks]
=  [4 Marks] Avevi,

x+y+z= 3
2. hw` (sin–1x)2 – (cos–1x)2 = a nq, †hLv‡b 0 < x < 1 Ges a  0,
 x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xy + 2yz + 2xz = 3  1 = 3(xy + yz + zx)
Zvn‡j 2x2 – 1 Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|  x2 + y2 + z2 – xy – yz – zx = 0
[If (sin–1x)2 – (cos–1x)2 = a (where 0 < x < 1 and a  0), what  2x2 + 2y2 + 2z2 – 2xy – 2yz – 2zx = 0
will be the value of 2x2 – 1.]  (x – y)2 + (y – z)2 + (z – x)2 = 0 [4 Marks]
mgvavb: (sin–1x)2 – (cos–1x)2 = a ev¯Íe c~Y©eM© ivwki mgwó k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i hw` cÖwZwU c„_Kfv‡e k~b¨
–1 –1 –1 –1
 (sin x + cos x)(sin x – cos x) = a nq|
 (x – y)2 = (y – z)2 = (z – x)2 = 0
 (sin–1x – cos–1x) = a x–y=0 z – x = 0
2
  x=y x=z
  – cos–1x – cos–1x = a [5 Marks] x=y=z
2 2  [2 Marks]
 2a
 – 2cos–1x = 
2  5. sin(cosec) = cos cosec n‡j, †`LvI †h,
 2a  2 
 2cos–1x = –
2   = sin–1  A_ev  = sin–1 1  , hLb n  ℤ|
3
 2a  4n + 1  1 – 4n
 cos–1(2x2 – 1) = – 
2  [If sin(cosec) = cos cosec , show that
 2 
 2x2 – 1 = cos – 
2a
2    = sin–1
3 
or  = sin–1
1 
, when n  ℤ.]
 4n + 1  1 – 4n
 2x – 1 = sin 
2 2a
[5 Marks] 
 mgvavb: sin(cosec) = cos2cosec
 
 
 cos cosec = cos – cosec
–1 –1 –1
3. hw` sin x + sin y + sin z =  nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h,
4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
x + y + z + 4x y z = 2(x y + y z + z x ) 2 2 2  2 
 
[If sin–1x + sin–1y + sin–1z = , proof that x4 + y4 + z4 + 4x2y2z2  cosec = 2n   – cosec [4 Marks]
2 2 2 2 2 2
= 2(x y + y z + z x )]
2 2 
(+) wb‡q cvB,
mgvavb: sin–1x + sin–1y + sin–1z = 
 sin–1x + sin–1y =  – sin–1z
 2
1 1 8. hw` sin + sin2 = 1 nq, Z‡e cos12 + 3cos10 + 3cos8 +
cosec = 2n + – cosec
2 2 cos6 Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
3 4n + 1
 cosec [If sin + sin2 = 1, then what will be the value cos12 +
2 2
3 3cos10 + 3cos8 + cos6]
 sin = mgvavb: †`Iqv Av‡Q,
4n + 1
sin = 1 – sin2
  = sin–1
3 
[3 Marks]
4n + 1  sin = cos2
(–) wb‡q cvB, cÖ`Ë ivwk = cos12 + 3cos10 + 3cos8 + cos6
1 1
cosec=n – + cosec = (cos2)6 + 3(cos2)5 + 3(cos2)4 + (cos2)3
2 2 = sin6 + 3sin5 + 3sin4 + sin3 [3 Marks]
1 4n – 1 = (1 – cos ) + 3sin(1 – cos2)2 + 3(1 – cos2)2 + sin(1 – cos2)
2 3
 – cosec=
2 2 = (1 – sin)3 + 3sin(1 – sin)2 + 3(1 – sin)2 + sin(1 – sin)
1 = 1 – sin3 + 3sin2 – 3sin + 3sin + 3sin3 –
 sin =
1 – 4n 6sin2 + 3 + 3sin2 – 6sin + sin – sin2
  = sin–1
1  = 4 + 2sin  – sin  – 5sin
3 2
[3 Marks]
[3 Marks]
1 – 4n = 4 + 2sin(1 – cos2) – (1 – cos2) – 5sin
= 4 + 2sin(1 – sin) – (1 – sin) – 5sin
6. mgvavb Ki: 3sinx – cosx = 2; 0 < x < 2 = 4 + 2sin – 2sin2 – 1 + sin – 5sin
[Solve that: 3sinx – cosx = 2; 0 < x < 2] = 3 – 2sin – 2(1 – cos2)
= 3 – 2sin – 2(1 – sin)
mgvavb: 3sinx – cosx = 2
= 3 – 2sin – 2 + 2sin
3 1
 sinx – cosx = 1 [Dfqcÿ‡K 2 Øviv fvM K‡i] =1 [4 Marks]
2 2
  4sinx + 3cosx = 5 mgxKi‡Yi `ywU g~j  I  n‡j, sin( + )
 sinx cos – cosx sin = 1 [4 Marks] 9.
6 6
Gi gvb KZ?

 sinx –  = 1 [If equation 4sinx + 3cosx = 5 has two roots  and ,
 6
  determine the value sin( + ).]
 x – = (4n + 1) mgvavb: †`Iqv Av‡Q,
6 2
  4sinx + 3cosx = 5 mgxKi‡Yi `ywU g~j  I 
 x = (4n + 1) + ; n  ℤ [4 Marks]
2 6 tanx secx [cosx Øviv Dfqcÿ‡K fvM]
2
 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 3 [2 Marks]  16tan2x + 24tanx + 9 = 25sec2x
 16tan2x + 24tanx + 9 = 25 + 25tan2x
 9tan2x – 24tanx + 16 = 0
3 Bnv tanx Gi wØNvZ mgxKiY, hvi g~j tan I tan
7. †`LvI †h, sin + cosec = Gi mvaviY mgvavb,
2 24 8
A_©vr, tan + tan = 9 = 3 [3 Marks]

 = n + (– 1)n n‡e| 16
4
tantan = [3 Marks]
3 9
[Show that, sin + cosec = has a general solution
2 tan + tan
GLb, tan( + ) =
 1 – tantan
 = n + (– 1)n ] 8
4
3 3 – 24
mgvavb: sin + cosec = = =
16 7
2 1–
9
1 3
 sin + = 24
sin 2  sin( + ) =  [4 Marks]
25
sin  + 1 3
2
 =
sin 2  1–p 
 2sin  – 3sin + 2 = 0
2
[4 Marks] 10. hw` tan2 = 1+p
tan nq Zvn‡j †`LvI †h,
2
 2sin2 – sin – 2sin + 2 = 0 cos – p
 sin( 2sin – 1) – 2( 2sin – 1) = 0 cos =
1 – pcos
 ( 2sin – 1)(sin – 2) = 0  1–p  cos – p
[If tan = tan , then show that cos = ]
1 2 1+p 2 1 – pcos
 sin = [sin  2] [4 Marks]
2  1–p 
 mgvavb: tan2 = 1+p
tan
2
 sin = sin
4 1 1–p
  =
  = n + (– 1)n ; n  ℤ [2 Marks]  
4 tan
2
( 1 + p) tan
2
 3
  GLb,
1 – tan2 (1 – p) – (1 + p) tan2
2 2 b+c a+b+c
 = [4 Marks]  =
  11 18
1 + tan2 (1 – p) + (1 + p) tan2 a+b+c
2 2
awi, 18 = k
[eM© K‡i we‡qvRb-†hvRb]
  b + c = 11k ...... (i)
1 – tan2 – p1 + tan2 
  2 c + a = 12k ...... (ii)
GLb, cos2  2  =
2
a + b = 13k ..... (iii) [3 Marks]
   
1 + tan2 + ptan2 – 1 (i), (ii) I (iii) †hvM K‡i cvB,
2  2 
2(a + b + c) = 36k
 
1 – tan2 1 + tan2  a + b + c = 18k
2 2
–p (i) bs n‡Z, a = 7k
2 2
1 + tan 1 + tan (ii) bs n‡Z, b = 6k
2 2
= (iii) bs n‡Z, c = 5k
  36k2 + 25k2 – 49k2 1
1 + tan2 1 – tan2
2 2 cosA = =
–p 60k2 5
  49k2 + 25k2 – 36k2 19
1 + tan2 1 + tan2
2 2 cosB = =
70k2 35
cos – p 49k2 + 36k2 – 25k2 5
 cos = [6 Marks] cosC = =
1 – pcos 84k2 7
 cosA : cosB : cosC = 7 : 19 : 25 [7 Marks]
 y  x
11. hw` tan +  = tan3 +  nq, Z‡e sinx
2
3 + sin x 
 4 2  4 2 1 + 3sin2x Gi 13. †`LvI †h, (1 + sec2)(1 + sec4)(1 + sec8) .....
gvb wbY©q Ki| tan2n
(1 + sec2n) =
 y  x
[If tan  +  = tan3  +  , then determine the value
tan
 4 2 4 2 [Show that (1 + sec2)(1 + sec4)(1 + sec8) .....
 3 + sin2x  tan2n
sinx
1 + 3sin x
2 .] (1 + sec2 n
) = .]
tan
 y  x
mgvavb: tan4 + 2 = tan34 + 2 mgvavb: 1 + sec2 = 1 +
1
    cos2
 
y x 3 1 + tan2
1 + tan 1 + tan =1+
2

2

y
=  x
1 – tan2
1 – tan
2  
1 – tan
2 =
1 –
2
tan 2

 
y y x x 3
cos + sin cos + sin 2tan 1
2 2 

2 2

=
 = [4 Marks] 1 – tan2 tan
y y x x
cos – sin
2 2  2 
cos – sin
2 =
tan2
tan
[3 Marks]
y 2  x 23
   
y x
cos + sin  cos2 + sin2  tan2 
2
Abyiƒcfv‡e, (1 + sec22) =

2 2

y  
y
=
x  x 
[eM© K‡i] tan2
 cos – sin
2  
2 
 2 
cos – sin
2  
 (1 + sec2 ) = 3 tan2 3

tan22

3
1 + siny 1 + sinx
 = tan2n
1 – siny  1 – sinx  (1 + sec2n) = [4 Marks]
1 + siny 1 + sin3x + 3sin2x + 3sinx tan2n–1
 = n
L.H.S = (1 + sec2) (1 + sec22) (1 + sec23) .... (1 + sec2 )
1 – siny 1 – sin3x + 3sin2x – 3sinx
2siny 2sin3x + 6sinx tan2 tan22 tan23 ...... tan2n
 = [we‡qvRb-†hvRb K‡i] =  
2 2 + 6sin x2
tan tan2 tan22 tan2n–1
2
tan2 n
 sinx
sin x + 3 
1 + 3sin2x = siny [6 Marks] =
tan
= R.H.S [3 Marks]

nq Zvn‡j †`LvI †h, 14.  = n  n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, 2ncoscos2cos22 ...... cos2n–1 = 1
b+c c+a a+b
12. hw` ABC G = =
11 12 13 2 +1
cosA : cosB : cosC = 7 : 19 : 25 
b+c c+a a+b [ = n prove that, 2ncoscos2cos22 ...... cos2n–1 = 1]
2 +1
[If = = for ABC, then show that,
11 12 13 mgvavb: †`Iqv Av‡Q,
cosA : cosB : cosC = 7 : 19 : 25.] 
mgvavb: †`Iqv Av‡Q, = n
2 +1
b + c c + a a + b 2(a + b + c)  2n +  = 
= = =
11 12 13 36  2n =  – 
 4
 sin2n = sin( – ) = sin [3 Marks] n«‡`i Zj‡`‡ki ZvcgvÎv = T1
 2sin2n–1cos2n–1 = sin Avgiv Rvwb,
 2cos2n–1(2sin2n–2 cos2n–2) = sin P1V1 P2V2
= ........................(i) [5 Marks]
 2ncos2n–1 cos2n–2 cos2n–3 ..... sin2n–n cos2n–n = sin T1 T2
3
[4 Marks] V1 r1 3.63 729
 2n cos2n–1 cos2n–2 cos2n–3 .... sin cos = sin GLv‡b, V = 3 =  4  = 1000
2 r
 2n coscos2 cos22 ....... cosn–1 = 1 [3 Marks] 2
 mgxKiY (i) n‡Z cvB,
15. 10–3 m3 AvqZ‡bi GKwU eÜ wmwjÛv‡i 400 K ZvcgvÎv, 1.5 atm P 1 V1 T 1
 =
Pv‡c O2 M¨vm c~Y© Kiv nq| K‡›UBbv‡i wb‡Pi w`‡K GKwU wQ`ª Kiv nj P 2 V2 T 2
125800 729 T1
†hwU w`‡q evqygЇj M¨vm †ei n‡q hvq| wKQz mgq ci K‡›UBbv‡ii   =
1.013  105 1000 313
ZvcgvÎv, Pvc cwi‡e‡ki ZvcgvÎv, Pv‡ci mgvb nq| K‡›UBbvi †_‡K †ei  T1 = 283.36 K [3 Marks]
nIqv M¨v‡mi cwigvb KZ? (evqygÐjxq ZvcgvÎv = 300 K)  n«‡`i Zj‡`‡ki ZvcgvÎv = (283.36 – 273)C
[In a closed container of volume 10–3 m3, O2 gas is filled at = 10.36C [2 Marks]
temperature 400 K and pressure 1.5 atm. A small hole is
made in the container from which gas leaks out to open 17. †Kvb M¨vm AYyi e¨vmva© 1.2  10–10 m Ges Mo gy³ c_ 2.6  10–8
atmosphere. After some time, the temperature and pressure
m| D³ M¨v‡mi GK NbwgUvi AvqZ‡b AYyi msL¨v wbY©q Ki| hw`
of the container become equal to that of surrounding. Find
the mass of gas that leaks out from the container. AYyM‡jvi Mo eM©‡eM 800 ms–1 nq, Z‡e cici `ywU msN‡l©i g‡a¨ mgq
(Atmospheric temperature = 300 K)] e¨eavb wbY©q Ki|
mgvavb: awi, ïiæ‡Z O2 M¨v‡mi fi m1 [Radius of molecule of a gas is 1.2  10–10 m and mean free
Av`k© M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î, PV =  321 RT
m
path for that gas is 2.6  10–8 m. Find the number of
molecule in 1 m3 volume of that gas. If the R.M.S velocity of
32PV any molecule is 800 ms–1, then find the time interval between
 m1 =
RT two collisions.]
32(1.5  105) (10–3) mgvavb: AYyi e¨vm,  = 2  1.2  10–10 m = 2.4  10–10 m
=
(8.314) (400)
Mo gy³ c_,  = 2.6  10–8 m;
= 1.443 g [4 Marks]
†k‡l, K‡›UBbv‡i O2 M¨v‡mi fi m2 n‡j, GKK AvqZ‡b, AYyi msL¨v, n = KZ?
1
PV =   RT
m2 Avgiv Rvwb,  = 2
π n
 32 
1
 m2 =
32PV n= 2
RT π 
32(105) (10–3) 1
n=
=
(8.314) (300) 3.14  (2.4  10–10)2  2.6  10–8
= 1.283 g [4 Marks] = 2.12  1026 /m3 [5 Marks]
†ei nIqvq O2 M¨v‡mi fi, m = m1 – m2 Avevi, `~iZ¡ = †eM  mgq
 m = 1.443 – 1.283 = 0.16 g [2 Marks]   = Cr.m.s  t
 2.6  10–8
16. GKwU n«‡`i Zj‡`k †_‡K GKwU evqy ey`ey` E‡aŸ© D‡V‡Q| Zj‡`‡k  t = = sec
Cr.m.s 800
–11
ey`ey‡`i e¨vm 3.6 wgwg Ges DcwiZ‡j 4 wgwg; n«‡`i MfxiZv 2.5 wgUvi = 3.25  10 sec [5 Marks]
Ges DcwiZ‡ji ZvcgvÎv 40C| n«‡`i Zj‡`‡ki ZvcgvÎv KZ?
18. A cÖ¯’‡”Q‡`i †ÿÎdj I L ˆ`N©¨wewkó GKwU wmwjÛvi AvK…wZi
MfxiZvi m‡½ cvwbi Nb‡Z¡i cwieZ©b AvMÖn¨ Ki| evqygÐjxq Pvc = 76
bj‡K Av`k© M¨vm Øviv c~Y© Kiv Av‡Q| b‡ji GK cÖvšÍ †_‡K Aci cÖvšÍ
†[Link]. cvi` Ges g = 980 †[Link]./†m2|
ch©šÍ ZvcgvÎv T0 †_‡K 2T0 Gi Kvi‡Y mij‰iwLKfv‡e cwiewZ©Z nq|
[A water bubble is traveling upwards from the bed of a lake.
At the bed of the lake the diameter of the bubble is 3.6 mm hw` b‡ji me RvqMvq Pvc P nq Z‡e b‡ji g‡a¨ KZ †gvj M¨vm
and on the surface of the lake is 4 mm. The depth of the lake we`¨gvb?
is 2.5 meter and temperature at the surface of the lake is [A Cylindrical tube of cross sectional area A and length L is
40C. Find the temperature at the bed of the lake. Ignore filled with an ideal gas. Temperature of the gas varies
the change in the density of water with height and linearly from T0 at one end to 2T0 at the other end.
atmospheric pressure is 76 cm Hg and g = 980 cm/s 2.] Calculate the number of mole of the gas in the tube
mgvavb: n«‡`i c„‡ô Pvc, P2 = 1.013  105 Nm–2 assuming pressure to be uniform throughout equal to P.]
n«‡`i Zj‡`‡k Pvc, mgvavb:
P1 = P2 + hg T0 2T0
= (1.013  105 + 2.5  1000  9.8) Nm–2
= 125800 Nm–2
4 3
n«‡`i Zj‡`‡k ey`ey‡`i AvqZb, V1 = 3 πr1
x x=L
n«‡`i Dcwi Z‡ji ZvcgvÎv, T2 = 40C = (40 + 273) K x=0 dx
= 313 K
 5
T g‡b Kwi cwiewZ©Z wkwkiv¼ = tC [5 Marks]
kxZj cÖvšÍ †_‡K x `~i‡Z¡ ZvcgvÎv, T = T0 + L0 x [2 Marks]
 tC ZvcgvÎvq m¤ú„³ ev‡®úi Pvc = 7.96  10–3 m cvi`
ÿz`ª AvqZb Adx G †gvj msL¨v, GLv‡b, cÖ`Ë ivwk¸‡jv n‡Z †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, (8.1 – 7.5)  10–3 m
P(Adx) PA dx cvi` = 6  10–4 m cvi` Pvc e„w×i Rb¨ 7C n‡Z ZvcgvÎv e„w× =
dn = =  [4 Marks]
RT0 
– 
RT x
( 8 – 7)C = 1C
1 L
L
(7.96 – 7.5)  10–3 m cvi` = 0.46  10–3 m cvi` Pvc e„w×i
1
 RT ln 1 + x  = PALln2
PA Rb¨ 7C n‡Z ZvcgvÎv e„w× = 0.6  0.46 = 0.766C
n= [4 Marks]
0  L RT0
0  cwiewZ©Z wkwkiv¼ = (7 + 0.766)C = 7.766C [5 Marks]

19. 57C ZvcgvÎvq I 2 atm Pv‡c 1 mole NO2 M¨vm‡K GKwU cv‡Î
ivLv Av‡Q| a‡i bvI, M¨v‡mi AYy¸‡jv r.m.s †e‡M MwZkxj| Zvn‡j 21.
cv‡Îi †`qv‡ji 1 m2 Gi mv‡_ 1s G AYy¸‡jvi Kx cwigvY msNl© nq? P(atm)
[1 mole NO2 at 57 C and 2 atm pressure is kept in a vessel. C
Assuming the molecules to be moving with rms velocity, find
the number of collisions per second, which the molecules
make with one square meter area of the vessel wall.]
A θ
nRT 8
mgvavb: P = V .............(i) B
θ
F
P= 2 8 V(L)
A
TA = 100 K n‡j C we›`y‡Z Pvc I ZvcgvÎv KZ?
A = 1 m2 n‡j, P = F
dp [If TA = 100 K, then determine the pressure and
myZivs, P = F = dt [3 Marks] temperature at point C.]
8 BC P – 8
= (2mvrms)f ..........(ii) [f = GKK mg‡q GKK mgvavb: tanθ = 2 = AB = 8C– 2
†ÿÎd‡j msNl© msL¨v, m = GKwU AYyi fi] PC – 8
(i) I (ii) †_‡K, 4=
6
nRT  PC = 32 atm [4 Marks]
P= = 2mvrmsf [2 Marks]
V †h‡nZz,
M 3RT PV
P=2 f = nR = constant
NA M T
PNA 1 PAVA PCVC
f=  =
2 3MRT TA TC
2  105  6.02  1023 1  TC =
TC
 PCVC
f=
2 3  46  10–3  8.31  330 PAVA
 f = 3.1  1027 s–1 100
[5 Marks] =  32  8
82
20. †Kv‡bv GKwU Ave× ¯’v‡bi evqyi ZvcgvÎv 15C I wkwkiv¼ 8C|  TC = 1600 K [6 Marks]
ZvcgvÎv K‡g 10C n‡j cwiewZ©Z Rjxq ev‡®úi Pvc I wkwkiv¼ KZ
22. 2 mole GK cvigvYweK M¨vm 2m3 n‡Z 3m3 AvqZ‡b cÖmvwiZ nq
n‡e? (7C I 8C ZvcgvÎvq m¤ú„³ Rjxq ev‡®úi Pvc h_vµ‡g 7.5 
Ggb GKwU cÖwµqvq hv P = 3V2 mgxKiY †g‡b P‡j| M¨vm Øviv K…ZKvR
10–3 m I 8.1  10–3 m cvi`)
I M¨v‡mi Af¨šÍixY kw³i cwieZ©b wbY©q Ki| Avw` ZvcgvÎv 23C wQj|
[The atmospheric temperature and dew point of a confined
[2 mole monoatomic gas undergoes a process which follows
place are 15C and 8C. If the temperature of is dropped to
P = 3V2 equation by expanding from 2m3 to 3m3. Determine
10C then what will be the vapor pressure and dew point?
work done by the gas and it’s change in internal energy.
(Saturated vapor pressure at 7C and 8C are 7.5  10–3
Initial temperature was 23C.]
mHg and 8.1  10–3 m Hg respectively)]
mgvavb: g‡b Kwi 10C I 15C ZvcgvÎvq IB ¯’v‡bi Am¤ú„³ Rjxq 
mgvavb: w = P dv
ev‡®úi Pvc h_vµ‡g P1 I P2| Zv n‡j wkwkiv‡¼i msÁv Abymv‡i,
= 3V 2
dV
P2 = 15C ZvcgvÎvq Am¤ú„³ Rjxq ev‡®úi Pvc = 8C ZvcgvÎvq
m¤ú„³ Rjxq ev‡®úi Pvc = 8.1  10–3 m cvi`| = (3 – 23) J
3

Avevi ¯’vbwU Ave× e‡j evqyi AvqZb wbw`©ó| Kv‡RB Pv‡ci m~Î = (27 – 8) J
= 19 J [2 Marks]
P T 273 + 10 283
Abymv‡i Avgiv cvB, P1 = T1 = 273 + 15 = 288 PV = nRT
2 2
 3V3 = nRT
283
 cwiewZ©Z Rjxq ev‡®úi Pvc, P1 =  P2  T  V3
288
Vf 3
 = 
Tf
283
=
288
 8.1  10–3 m cvi` Ti Vi
Tf 27
= 7.96  10–3 m cvi`  =
Ti 8
 6
–1 –1
 Tf =   296 K
27 GLb, T2V2 = T1V1
8  V1
 Tf = 999 K [4 Marks]  T2 = T1 – 1 †hLv‡b,  =
V2
f RT2 
 dW = n RdT 1 –  – 1
1
2 myZivs, W12 = [2 Marks]
1–  
3  8.314  (999 – 296)
=2 J GKBfv‡e, T3 = T4 – 1
2
RT3  1
= 17534.226 J [3 Marks] Ges W34 = – 1 [2 Marks]
1 –   – 1 
Avevi, W23 = 0, W41 = 0
23. wZbwU Kv‡b©v BwÄb GKwU T1 ZvcgvÎvi ZvcDrm I T4 ZvcgvÎvi
 Wnet = W12 + W23 + W34 + W41
ZvcMÖvn‡Ki gv‡S wmwi‡R hy³ (wPÎvbymv‡i)| hw` T1 > T2 > T3 > T4
R(T2 – T3) 
1 –  – 1
1
Ges cÖ‡Z¨KwU Bwćbi Kg©`ÿZv GKB nq Z‡e T3 Gi gvb T1 I T4 Gi  Wnet = [2 Marks]
1–   
gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki| R R
Qin = (T3 – T2) = (T – T3)
W1 W2 W3 –1 1– 2
Wnet 1
= = 1 – –1
T1 A T2 B T3 C T4 Qin 
[Three 0Carnot engines0 operate in series
0 between a0 heat  = 10,  = 1.4
source at a temperature T1 and a heat sink at temperature   = 60% [2 Marks]
T4 (according to the figure). If T1 > T2 > T3 > T4 and every
engines are equally efficient than express T3 with respect to 25. Aw·‡R‡bi aªæe AvqZ‡b †gvjvi Av‡cwÿK Zvc (CV) I aªæe Pv‡c
T1 and T4.] †gvjvi Av‡cwÿK Zvc (CP) wbY©q K‡iv| ¯^vfvweK ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡c
mgvavb: kZ©g‡Z,
T2 T3 T4 Aw·‡R‡bi NbZ¡ 1.43 kgm–3, ¯^vfvweK Pvc = 1.01  105 Nm–2 Ges 
= = CP
T1 T2 T3 = = 1.4|
 T3 = T2T4
2 CV
1 [Determine the molar specific heat of oxygen for constant
 T3 = (T2T4)2............(i) volume (CV) and constant pressure (CP). In normal pressure
2 –3
Ges, T2 = T1T3 [5 Marks] and Temperature, the density of oxygen is 1.43 kgm ,
CP
normal pressure = 1.01  105 Nm–2 and  =
1
= 1.4]
= T1(T2T4)2 .............(ii) CV
1 mgvavb: CP – CV = R
= T1(T2T4)2 [(i) n‡Z]
PV MPV MP
3 3 R= = =
nT wT T
 T2 = T1T2 –3
2 4 32  10  1.01  105
=
273  1.43
1
2
 T2 = (T1T4)3.............(ii)
= 8.279 Jmol–1K–1 [5 Marks]
(i) n‡Z, CP
1 Avevi, C = 
V
 2 2
1
R 8.279
T3 = (T1T4)3 T4 [(i) n‡Z]  CV = = Jmol–1K–1
1  – 1 1.4 – 1
 T3 = (T1T4
2
)3 [5 Marks] = 20.697 Jmol–1K–1
 CP = CV = 28.9758 Jmol–1K–1 [5 Marks]
24. 1 mole Aw·‡Rb M¨vm‡K PvwµK cÖwµqvi ga¨ w`‡q †bqv n‡”Q| GB
26. 40 wWwMÖ †mjwmqvm ZvcgvÎvq Ges 76 †m. wg. evqy Pv‡c wKQz cwigvY
M¨v‡mi AvqZb GB cÖwµqvi g‡a¨ 10 ¸Y nq| wb‡Pi wP‡Î P-V WvqvMÖvg
evqy‡K iæ×Zvcxq cÖwµqvq AvqZb wظY Kiv n‡j ZvcgvÎv KZ n‡e?
†`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| 1-2 I 3-4 cÖwµqvØq iƒ×Zvcxq Ges 2-3 I 4-1
Avevi hw` cwiewZ©Z ZvcgvÎv †_‡K 20 wWwMÖ †mjwmqvm e„w× Kiv nq, Z‡e
mgAvqwbK cÖwµqv| GB m¤ú~Y© cÖwµqvi Kg©`ÿZv KZ?
[One mole of oxygen undergoes a cyclic process in which
Gi Pvc KZ n‡e? [ = 1.4]
volume of the gas changes 10 times within the cycle, as [What will be the final temperature of some air, initially at
shown in the figure. Processes: 1 – 2 and 3 – 4 are adiabatic, 40C and 76 cmHg pressure, undergoes adiabatic process by
2 – 3 and 4 – 1 are isochoric. Find the efficiency of the tuicing its volume? Also, if the final temperature is
process.] increased 20C, what will be the final pressure? ( = 1.4)]
–1 –1
P mgvavb: T1V 1 = T2V 2
V1  – 1
 T2 =  
3
V2 × T1
1 1.4 – 1
= 
4
× (40 + 273)
2 2
1 = 237.2096 K [3 Marks]
 
O V0 10V0
V Avevi, P1V 1 = P2V 2

R  P = V1 × P1
mgvavb: W12 = (T – T1)
1– 2
[2 Marks] 2
V2
 7
mgvavb: awi, x mL GwmW †bqv n‡q‡Q| Zvn‡j je‡Yi `ªe‡Yi AvqZb
=   × 76
1 1.4
2 wb‡Z n‡e (20 – x) mL| GLb †nbWvim‡bi mgxKiY e¨envi KwiÑ
= 28.7986 cm [jeY]
ZvcgvÎv Av‡iv 20C ev 20 K evov‡j, pH = pKa + log [4 Marks]
[ÿvi]
T 2 = 257.2096 K [3 Marks] 0.1(20 – x)
1– 1–  4.7 = – log(2  10–5) + log
0.15 x
T 1 P 1
= T 2 P 2
 2 – 0.1 x = 0.15 x  1.00237

T 1 1 –   x = 8 mL [4 Marks]
 P2 =   × P1  je‡Yi `ªeY (20 – 8) = 12 mL [2 Marks]
 T2 
1.4
237.20961 – 1.4 × 28.7986
=
257.2096
= 38.23 cm Hg [4 Marks]
30. 0.25 N A¨vwmwUK Gwm‡Wi Rjxq `ªe‡Y H+ Avq‡bi NbgvÎv 1.25 
–3
27. 0C ZvcgvÎvi 1 kg eid‡K 100C ZvcgvÎvi ev‡®ú cwiYZ Kiv 10 M| H GwmW `ªe‡Y A¨vwmwUK Gwm‡Wi kZKiv we‡qvRb we‡qvRb
n‡jv| GbUªwci cwieZ©b wbY©q K‡iv| aªæeK (Ka) Ges pKb Gi gvb MYbv Ki|
+
[1 kg of ice with 0C was heated to produce the 100C [In a 0.25–3N solution of acetic acid the concentration of H is
steam. What if the change the entropy?] 1.25  10 M. Calculate the percent dissociation dissociation
mgvavb: S = S1 + S2 + S3 constant (Ka) and pKb of acetic acid]
mlf T2 mlv mgvavb: CH3COOH(aq) ⇌ H+(aq) + CH3COO–(aq)
=
T1
+ mS ln +
T1 T2
[5 Marks] 1.25  10–3
 Gwm‡Wi kZKiv we‡qvRb =  100 = 0.5%
1 × 3.36 × 105 373 1 × 2.26 × 106 0.25
= + 1 × 4200 ln + 0.5 N
273 273 373
–1
 we‡qvRb gvÎv,  = = 5  10–3 =
 S = 8600.598 JK [5 Marks] 100 n
myZivs Gwm‡Wi we‡qvRb aªæeK, M = †gvjvwiwU
28. GKwU A¨v‡gvwbqv-A¨v‡gvwbqvg †K¬vivBW evdv‡ii pH gvb 9, hvi [H+] [CH3COO–] N = bigvwjwU
Ka =
g‡a¨ [NH3] = 0.25| hw` 75 mL, 0.1 M KOH 200 mL evdvi `ªe‡Y [CH 3 COOH] n = Zzj¨msL¨v
†hvM Kiv nq, Zvn‡j pH KZ cwigvY cwieZ©b n‡e? Kb = 2  10 –5   
=
0.25 – 
[An ammonia-ammonium chloride buffer has a pH value of
(5  10–3)2
9 with [NH3] = 0.25. By how much the pH will change if 75 =
mL of 0.1 M KOH be added to 200 mL buffer solution K b = 0.25 – 5  10–3
2  10–5.] = 1.02  10–4 [6 Marks]
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, Avevi, K w = K a K b

[jeY] Kw 1  10–14
 POH = pKb + log  K = = = 9.8  10–11
[ÿvi]
b
Ka 1.02  10–4
[S]  pKb = – log (9.8  10–11) = 10.009 [4 Marks]
ev, 14 – pH = pKb + log [B]
[S] 31. 35C ZvcgvÎvq WvBwg_vBj A¨vwg‡bi 5g/L Rjxq `ªe‡Yi pH Gi
ev, 14 – 9 = – log10(2  10–5) + log [B] gvb 8.22 n‡j †hŠ‡Mi we‡qvRb aªæe‡Ki gvb KZ n‡e?
ev, [S] = 0.5 [4 Marks] [In a 5g/L solution of dimethylamine if the pH is 8.22 then
NH4Cl Gi m mol = 100 what will be the value of the dissociation constant?
NH3 Gi m mol = 50 Temperature is 35C.]
mgvavb: (CH3)2NH + H2O ⇌ (CH3)2NH 2 + OH–
+
7.5 m mol KOH hy³ Kivi ci, NH4Cl = 92.5 m mol
NH3 = 57.5 m mol [2 Marks] 5
92.5 `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv = 45 M = 0.11 M
GLb, pOH = pKb + log 57.5 = 4.9
†`Iqv Av‡Q, pH = 8.22
 pH = 9.1  pOH = 14 – 8.22 = 5.78 [4 Marks]
 pH = 0.1 [4 Marks]  [OH–] = 10–5.78 = 1.66  10–6 M
[OH–] [(CH3)2NH2]
29. `ywU ey‡iU †`Iqv Av‡Q| GKwU 0.15 M GwmwUK GwmW w`‡q fiv  K b =
[(CH3)3NH]
Ges Ab¨wU 0.1 M †mvwWqvg A¨vwm‡UU w`‡q fiv| pH 4.7 Gi †gvU 20 1.66  10–6  1.66  10–6
=
mL `ªeY ˆZwi Ki‡Z cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Kx cwigv‡Y †gkv‡Z n‡e? `ªe‡Y †Kv‡bv 0.11
–5 = 2.51  10–11 [6 Marks]
cvwb hy³ Kiv hv‡e bv| GwmwUK Gwm‡Wi Ka = 2  10 .
[You are given two burettes. One is filled with 0.15 M acetic
32. cvwbi we‡qvRb aªæeK 3.24  10–18 n‡j 350 mL cvwb‡Z OH– Gi
acid and other is filled with 0.10 M sodium acetate. How
much of each would you mix together to produce a total of msL¨v KZ?
20 mL of solution with a pH of 4.7. You any not add any [What is the number of OH– in 350 mL water if the
water to solution. Ka of acetic acid is 2  10–5.] ionization constant is 3.24  10–18?]
mgvavb: 2H2O ⇌ H3O+ + OH–
 8
[H3O+]  [OH–] 1 g mL–1 NbZ¡ a‡i 1 L mgvavb: H3PO4 ⇌ 3H+ + PO4
3–
K=
[H2O]2 1000 ïiæ‡Z: c 0 0
[OH–]2 cvwbi †gvjmsL¨v = 18
 3.24  10–18 = mvg¨ve¯’vi: (1 – )c 3c c
(55.56)2 = 55.56 3–
[H+]3 [PO4 ]
 [H2O] = 55.56 M [2 Marks] Ka =
 [OH–] = 1  10–7 mol/L [4 Marks] [H3PO4]
–7
1  10  350 (3c)3c 274c3
 350mL G OH– Av‡Q = mol =
(1 – )c
=
1–
[3 Marks]
100
–8
= 3.5  10 mol –2.2 27 4 3
c
10 
Avevi, 1 mol = 6.023  1023wU 1–
– –8
 OH Gi msL¨v = 3.5  10  6.023  10 wU 23  27  (0.15)3  4  10–2.2  – 10–2.2  0
= 2.11  1016 wU [4 Marks]    0.4431 [5 Marks]
 pH = – log (3c)
= – log (3  0.4431  0.15)
33. 500 mL `ªe‡Y 0.25 mol H2S we`¨gvb| NbgvÎvi Kxiƒc cwieZ©b
= 0.7 [2 Marks]
Ki‡j H2S Gi we‡qvRb 8(AvU) ¸Y e„w× cv‡e? H2S Gi
Ka = 9.1  10–8 36. 1000 cm3 Gi GKwU `ªe‡Y 92 g HCOOH Ges 3g CH3COOH
[In a 500 mL solution 0.25 mol H2S is present. What is the Av‡Q| mgAvqZb cÖfve D‡cÿv K‡i `ªeYwUi pH MYbv Ki| KCH3COOH
change in concetration required to increase the dissociation
= 1.8  10–15, KHCOOH = 1.8  10–4
of H2S by 8 times? Ka = 9.1  10–8]
[There are 9.2 g HCOOH and 3g CH 3COOH is a 1000 cm3
mgvavb: H2S(aq) ⇌ 2H+(aq) + S2–(aq) solution. Ignoring the common ion effect calculated the pH.
(1 – )c 2c c KCH3COOH = 1.8  10–15, KHCOOH = 1.8  10–4]
(2c)2c 43c2
Ka = = [3 Marks] 9.2
(1 – )c 1 –  mgvavb: nHCOOH = 46 = 0.2 mol, CHCOOH = 0.2 mol/L
awi cwieZ©xZ NbgvÎv c Ges we‡qvRb gvÎv  3
0.25 nCH3COOH = = 0.05 mol
GLv‡b, c = 0.5 = 0.5 M Ges  =  + 8 = 9 60
CCH3COOH = 0.05 mol/L [5 Marks]
43c2 43c2 +
pH = – log[AvqwbZ c`v‡_©i H AvqZ‡bi NbgvÎvi mgwó]
Ka = 9.1  10–8 = =
1 –  1 – 
 3 + (9.1  10–8) 2 – (9.1  10–8) = 0 [
= – log KHCOOH  CHCOOH + KCH3COOH  CCH3COOH ]
  = 4.491  10–3 –4
= – log( 1.8  10  0.2 + –5
1.8  10  0.05)
  = 9  4.491  10–3 = 0.04 [5 Marks] = 2.158 [5 Marks]
Ka(1 – )
c = = 3.4125  10–4 M
43
37. (a) 1.25% 
= 0.019 M [2 Marks] W
 V  NaOH `ªe‡Yi pH KZ?
[What is the pH of 1.25   NaOH solution?]
34. W
V
(b) H2SO4 `ªe‡Yi pH = 2.1 n‡j H `ªe‡Yi [H2SO4] †gvjvwiwU wbY©q
Ki|
[If the pH = 2.1 in a H2SO4 Solution then calculate the
10 mL 0.1 M 50 mL 0.2 M 30 mL 0.5 M 15 mL 0.01 M molarity [H2SO4] of that solution]
mgvavb: GLv‡b, 1.25%  V  NaOH ej‡Z †evSvq 100 cc `ªe‡Y
W
H2SO4 HCl NaOH KOH
`ªeY PviwUi wgkÖ‡Yi pH KZ n‡e? NaOH Av‡Q 2.5 g
[What would be the pH of the mixture of all four solutions?] n W 
n= 
W
(esV)acid – (esV)base  H `ªe‡Yi †gvjvwiwU, s = =
mgvavb: [H+] = v MV  M
V 1.25
2  0.1  10 + 1  0.2  50 – 1  0.5  30 – 0.01  15 =
100
=
10 + 50 + 30 +15 40 
1000
= – 0.03 = 0.3125 M [3 Marks]
 [H+] Gi gvb FYvZ¥K  NaOH  Na+ + OH–
 `ªeYwU ÿvixq cÖK…wZi n‡e Z_v, [5 Marks] 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125
–
[OH ] = 0.03 M  pOH = – log (0.3125) [2 Marks]
 pOH = – log (0.03)  pH = 14 – 0.505 = 13.495
 pH = 14 – 1.523 (b) H2SO4  2H+ + SO4
2–

= 12.477 [5 Marks] pH = 2.1 [3 Marks]

 – log [H+] = 2.1
35. 0.15 M dmdwiK Gwm‡Wi Rjxq `ªe‡Yi pH KZ? pKa = 2.2  [H+] = 7.94  10–3 M
[What will be the pH of, the aquous solution of 0.15 M 1
phosphoric acid? pKa = 2.2] wewµqv n‡Z cvB `ªe‡Y H2SO4 Gi †gvjmsL¨v = 2  H+ †gvjmsL¨v
 9
1 gvB‡KvWvg©v A¨vwmwU:
 H2SO4 Gi †gvjvwiwU =  [H+]
2 gvB‡KvWvg©v A¨vwmwU
1 CH3CH2OH(10%) + O2 
=  7.94  10–3 M 35C
2
= 3.97  10–3 M [2 Marks] CH3COOH + H2O
A¨vwmwUK GwmW
38. 2-bvB‡Uªv‡db‡ji GKwU `ªe‡Yi pH = 3.8 Ges `ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv 0.3 (10%) [2 Marks]
mol/L n‡j †hŠMwUi ka Gi gvb MYbv Ki|
[Calculate the ka of 2-nitrophenol that is in a solution having 40. (a) GwRs Gi mgq hZ †ewk nq, wf‡bMv‡ii ¯^v` I MÜ ZZ fv‡jv
pH = 3.8 and concentration = 0.3 mol/L.] nq †Kb?
mgvavb: pH = 3.8 (b) wb¤œwjwLZ A¨vw›U Aw·‡W›U ¸‡jvi MvVwbK ms‡KZ wjL?
 – log[H3O+] = 3.8 (i) BHT (ii) Propyl Gallate (iii) TBHQ
 [H3O+] = 1.585  10–4 M [4 Marks] (a) Why does the taste of vinegar get better by increasing a
H2O(l) – aging?
C6H4(NO2)OH  C6H4(NO2)O (aq) + H3O+(aq)
(b) Write down the structural formula for the following
[C6H4(NO2)O–] [H3O+]
 ka = oxidants:
[C6H4(NO2)OH]
(i) BHT (ii) Propyl Gallate (iii) TBHQ
1.585  10–14  1.585  10–4 e¨vL¨v: (a) wf‡bMvi n‡jv 6 – 10% (w/v) B_vbwqK Gwm‡Wi Rjxq
=
0.3 [[H3O+] = [C6H4(NO2)O+]]
`ªeY| e¨vK‡Uwiqvi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z B_vbj‡K Aw·‡Rb Øviv RvwiZ K‡i
= 8.374  10–8 M [6 Marks]
B_vbwqK Gwm‡W cwiYZ Kiv nq|
39. (a) A¨vw›U Aw·‡W›U Kx? gvB‡KvWvg©v A¨vwmwU
CH3CH2OH + O2  CH3COOH + H2O
(b) gë wf‡bMvi cÖ¯‘wZ‡Z wb‡¤œv³ ivmvqwbK wewµqvmg~n msNwUZ nq| O2 Gi cwigvY Kg n‡j Am¤ú~Y© RviY N‡U| d‡j B_vb¨vj (CH3 –
wewµqvi P, Q, R I S Gi bvg wjL| CHO) Drcbœ nq| Drcbœ B_vbwqK GwmW‡K 6 – 10% gvÎvq
Maltase cwiYZ K‡i cv‡Îi g‡a¨ cÖvq wZb gv‡mi gZ mgq a‡i AÜKv‡i
P + H2O  Q;
Zymase †i‡L †`qv nq GB cÖwµqv‡K GwRs e‡j|
Q  R + 2CO2; cÖv_wgKfv‡e ˆZwi Kiv wf‡bMvi wKQzUv wZ³ ¯^v` I A¨vwmwUK MÜhy³
Aceto-bacter nq| wZ³ ¯^v` `~i Kiv I A¨vwmwUK MÜ `~i K‡i wf‡bMv‡ii ¯^v` I
R + Q2  S + H2O
(a) What is antioxidant? eY© wVK ivLvi Rb¨ `xN© mgq w¯’i Ae¯’vq †i‡L †`Lvi cÖ‡qvRb nq|
(b) The following reaction occurs in the process of preparing wf‡bMvi `xN© mgq w¯’i _vKvi Kvi‡Y m~² KYv¸‡jv `ªeY †_‡K c„_K
molt vinegar. Find out the P, Q, R and S. n‡q wb‡P Zjvwb wn‡m‡e c‡o| d‡j wf‡bMvi Av‡iv cwi¯‹vi I ¯^”Q
Maltase nq| Am¤ú~Y© Rvi‡Yi d‡j Drcbœ B_vb¨vj RvwiZ n‡q B_vbwqK
P + H2O  Q; Gwm‡W cwiYZ nq| GRb¨ GwRs Gi mgq hZ †ewk nq, wf‡bMv‡ii
Zymase ¯^v` I MÜ ZZ DrK…ó gv‡bi nq| [4 Marks]
Q  R + 2CO2;
Aceto-bacter (b)
R + Q2  S + H2O (i) BHT ev weDUvB‡j‡UW nvBWªw· UjyBb:
mgvavb: (a) Pwe© ev wjwcW AYyi RviY-we‡hvR‡b Ask MÖnYKvix O2 AYy I CH3
OH CH3
wjwcW AYy †_‡K m„ó gy³ gyjK‡K †kvlY K‡i wKQz ivmvqwbK c`v_© CH3 – C C – CH3
Pwe©hy³ Lv`¨e¯‘i cPb †iva K‡i| Gme ivmvqwbK c`v_©‡K A¨vw›U
CH3 CH3
Aw·‡W›U e‡j| [2 Marks]
(b) CH3 [2 Marks]
gë wf‡bMvi c×wZ‡Z wf‡bMvi cÖ¯‘wZ: (ii) Propyl Gallate:
A¨vj‡Kvnj Drcv`b: COOCH2CH2CH3
Bbfvi‡Um/my‡µvR
C12H22O11 + H2O  C6H12O6 + C6H12O6
37C
wPwb (my‡µvR) (Møy‡KvR + d«z‡±vR = OH OH
OH [2 Marks]
BbfvU© wPwb) [4 Marks]
(iii) TBHQ ev Uviwkqvix weDUvBj nvB‡WªvKzB‡bvb:
RvB‡gm
2C6H12O6  4CH3 – CH2 – OH + 4CO2 OH CH3
20C – 24C
C – CH3
BbfvU© wPwb B_vbj
CH3
A¨vwm‡Uv e¨vKUi iƒcvšÍi ev A¨vwmwUK GwmW Drcv`b:
A¨vwm‡Uv-e¨vKUi OH
CH3CH2OH(10%) + O2  CH3COOH + H2O [2 Marks]
B_vbj A¨vwmwUK GwmW (6%)
[2 Marks]

---
 1

Weekly-05 [B] (Solve Sheet)

wm‡jevm: mshy³ †Kv‡Yi w·KvYwgwZK AbycvZ, wecixZ w·KvYwgwZ  Av`k© M¨vm I
M¨v‡mi MwZZË¡, ZvcMwZwe`¨v  ivmvqwbK mvg¨ve¯’v, Kg©g~Lx imvqb
c~Y©gvb: 400 Set-01 mgq: 2 NÈv


hw` tan–1 
1 + x2 – 1 – x2 
1.  =  nq Z‡e, x2 Gi gvb wbY©q  cos–1x + cos–1y =  –
 1 + x2 + 1 – x2  3
2
Ki|  cos–1{xy – 1 – x2 1 – y2}=
3
 1 + x – 1 – x  = , then determine the value
2 2
[If tan–1  1
  xy – (1 – x2)(1 – y2) = –
 1 + x + 1 – x2
2
2
[4 Marks]
of x2.]  xy +
1
= (1 – x2)(1 – y2)
2
mgvavb: tan–1 
1+x – 1–x 
2 2
= 1 2
 x2y2 + 2xy . +   = (1 – x2)(1 – y2)
1
 1 + x2 + 1 – x2 2 2
1 + x2 – 1 – x2
 = tan 1
 x y + xy + = 1 – x2 – y2 + x2y2
2 2
1 + x2 + 1 – x2 4
2 1 + x2 tan + 1 3
 = [†hvRb-we‡qvRb K‡i]  x + y + xy =
2 2
[6 Marks]
– 2 1 – x2 tan – 1 4
1 + x2 1 + tan
 = [4 Marks] 4. †`LvI †h, tan–1(1 + a) – tan–1a = cot–1(1 + a + a2) Ges Bnvi
1 – x2 1 – tan
3
1 + x2 cos + sin mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI †h, cot–13 + cot–17 + cot–113 + cot–121 = cot–12
 =
1 – x2 cos – sin
2 [Show that, tan–1(1 + a) – tan–1a = cot–1(1 + a + a2) and use the
1–x 1 – sin2
 = [eM© K‡i] previous expression to show that, cot–13 + cot–17 + cot–113 + cot–
1 + x2 1 + sin2
3
2 2 1
21 = cot–1 ]
 2= [†hvRb-we‡qvRb K‡i] 2
2x 2sin2
x2 = sin2 [6 Marks] mgvavb: L.H.S = tan–1(1 + a) – tan–1a
1+a–a
= tan–1
2. hw` cos–1  + cos–1  =  nq, Zvn‡j 9x2 – 12xycos + 4y2
x y 1 + (1 + a)a
2 3 = tan–1
1
2
Gi m‡ev©”P gvb wbY©q Ki| a + a +1
–1
= cot (1 + a + a2) [5 Marks]
[If cos–1  + cos–1  = , then what is the maximum value of
x y
= R.H.S
2 3
 tan–1(1 + a) – tan–1a = cot–1(1 + a + a2)
9x2 – 12xycos + 4y2?] n = 1, 2, 3, 4 ewm‡q cvB,
–1x –1y tan–12 – tan–11 = cot–13
mgvavb: cos 2 + cos 3 = 
tan–13 – tan–12 = cot–17
x y
1 – x 1 – y 
2 2
tan–14 – tan–13 = cot–113
cos–1 . –
2 3  4  9  tan–15 – tan–14 = cot–121 [3 Marks]
2 2 †hvM K‡i cvB,
 –
xy 1 – 1 –  = cos
x y
6  4  9  [3 Marks] tan–15 – tan–11 = cot–13 + cot–17 + cot–113 + cot–121
2 2 2 2 4
cos = 1 – 1 – 
xy xy x y  tan–1 = cot–13 + cot–17 + cot–113 + cot–121
 + cos2 –
36 3  4  9  6
x2y2 xy x2
y 2
x 2 2
y 3
 + cos2 – cos = 1 – – +  cot 3 + cot–17 + cot–113 + cot–121 = cot–1
–1
[2 Marks]
36 3 4 9 36 2
2 2
x y xy
 + – cos = 1 – cos2 5. sin(cot) = cos(tan) n‡j, cÖgvY Ki †h, cosec2 ev cot2
4 9 3
 9x + 4y – 12xy cos = 36sin 
2 2 2
[5 Marks] 1
Gi gvb – n + 4 Gi mgvb| hLb n  ℤ|
sin Gi m‡ev©”P gvb 1 e‡j,
9x2 – 12xycos + 4y2 Gi m‡ev©”P gvb = 36  1 [If sin(cot) = cos(tan), prove that cosec2 or cot2 has a
= 36 [2 Marks] 1
value of – n + when n  ℤ.]
4
–1 –1 –11 3 mgvavb:
2 =  n‡j, cÖgvY Ki †h, x + y + xy = 4
2 2 sin(cot) = cos(tan)
3. cos x + cos y + cos

 sin(2n + cot) = sin  tan
[Prove that x2 + y2 + xy = when cos–1x + cos–1y + cos–1  = .] 2 
3 1
4 2 
 2n + cot =  tan
mgvavb: cos–1x + cos–1y + cos–12 = 
1 2
 2

nq, cos 2  = 0  cos  = 0
1 5
 2n + cot =  tan
2 2
1 1 1
 n + cot =  tan
5   
2 4 2  = (2n + 1)  = (2n + 1)
2 2 2 2
1 1
 n – = ( tan – cot)    = (2n + 1)
4 2   = (2n + 1) [2 Marks] [2 Marks]
5
1   tan2 – 1
=  tan –  , 3 ,
1
2 tan
=
2tan
[6 Marks]  –      e¨ewa‡Z  =    [2 Marks]
5 5
(+) wb‡q cvB,

tan + tan +  + tan + †K tan3 Gi gva¨‡g cÖKvk
2
1 1 8.
n– =–
4 tan2
3  3 
Ki|
1
 cot2 = – n + ; n  ℤ 
[Express tan + tan +  + tan +  as an expression
[2 Marks] 2
4
(–) wb‡q cvB, 3  3 
tan3.]
1 – (1 + tan2) 1
n– = =– 
mgvavb: tan + tan3 +  + tan 3 + 
= – cosec2 2
4 2tan sin2
1
 
 cosec2 = – n + ; n  ℤ [2 Marks]  2
4 tan + tan tan + tan
3 3
= tan + + [3 Marks]
 2
6. mgvavb Ki: 3sin – cos = 2, hLb – 2 <  < 2. 1 – tan tan 1 – tan tan
3 3
[Solve that 3sin – cos = 2, when – 2 <  < 2.] 3 + tan – 3 + tan
mgvavb: 3sin – cos = 2 = tan + +
1 – 3 tan 1 + 3 tan
3 1 3 + 3tan + tan + 3 tan2 – 3 + 3tan + tan – 3 tan2
 sin – cos = 1 = tan +
2 2 (1 – 3 tan) (1 + 3 tan)
 
 cos cos – sin sin = – 1 = tan +
8 tan
[4 Marks]
3 3 1 – 3tan2

 cos +  = – 1 [4 Marks] tan – 3tan3 + 8tan
 3 =
1 – 3tan2
 3(3tan – tan3)
  + = (2n + 1)
3 =
1 – 3tan2
2
  = 2n + ;nℤ [4 Marks] = 3tan3 [3 Marks]
3
2 , 4
 mxgvi g‡a¨  = – [2 Marks] 9. hw` cos + cos = a, sin + sin= b Ges  – = 2 nq, Z‡e
3 3
cos3
Gi gvb KZ?
7. cos
[If cos + cos = a, sin + sin= b and  – = 2, then what
r cos3
x is the value of ]
wP‡Î, f() = r cos
mgvavb: cos + cos = a, sin + sin = b,  –  = 2

GLb, (cos + cos)2 + (sin + sin)2 = a2 + b2
x
 cos2 + 2coscos + cos2 + sin2 + 2sinsin
1 1 + sin2 = a2 + b2
mgvavb Ki: – = 2; –     
f(2) f()
 1 + 1 + 2(coscos + sinsin) = a + b 2 2
x 1 1
f()  ; solve that –
f(2) f()
= 2; –       2cos( – ) = a2 + b2 – 2
4
x  2cos2 = a2 + b2 – 2 [4 Marks]
mgvavb: GLv‡b, f() = r = cos GLb, cos3 + cos = 2coscos2
GLb,  cos3 = cos(2cos2 – 1)
cos3
1
–
1
=2  = 2cos2 – 1 = a2 + b2 – 2 – 1
f(2) f() cos
1 1 cos3
 – =2  = a2 + b 2 – 3 [6 Marks]
cos2 cos cos
cos – cos2
 =2
cos2.cos 2 sin 1 1 – cos2 1
10. hw` = Ges = nq †hLv‡b,
 cos – cos2 = 2cos2cos 1 + cos2 7 2 10
 cos– cos2 = cos3 + cos 
,   0   Zvn‡j, tan( + 2) Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
 cos3 + cos2 = 0  2

 2cos cos  = 0
5
[4 Marks]
 2  2
 3
2 sin 1 1 – cos2 1  
[If = and = where ,    tan2 = 3tan2 [we‡qvRb-†hvRb K‡i]
2 2
1 + cos2 7 2 10
 
0   , then determine the value of tan( + 2).]  tan  3tan = 0
2 2
[3 Marks]
 2
2 sin 1 12. GKwU wÎfz‡Ri evû¸‡jvi ˆ`N¨© mgvšÍi aviv †g‡b P‡j Ges e„nËg
mgvavb: =
1 + cos2 7 †KvYwU ÿz`ªZg †Kv‡Yi wظY n‡j evû¸‡jvi AbycvZ wbY©q Ki|
2 sin 1 [Each side of a riangle follow arithmatic series (linear
 =
2cos2 7 progression) and the maximum angle is twice of the smallest
1 angle. Determine the ratio of the sides.]
 tan = mgvavb: 2b = a + c
7 A
1 – cos2 1
Ges A = 2C
Avevi, = 10 A+B+C=
2 10 1 c b
  B =  – 3C
1
 sin = GLb,
10 3
2b = a + c
1 B a C
 tan =  2sinB = sinA + sinC
3
 2sinB = sin2C + sinC
2tan  2sin( – 3C) = sin2C + sinC
 tan2 =
1 – tan2  2sin3C = sin2C + sinC
1
2  2(3sinC – 4sin3C) = sin2C + sinC
3
=  2(3 – 4sin2C) = 2cosC + 1
1
1–  6 – 8 + 8cos2C = 2cosC + 1
9
 8cos2C – 2cosC – 3 = 0
3 3 1
= [6 Marks]  cosC = , – (MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq) [4 Marks]
4 4 2
cÖ`Ë ivwk = tan( + 2) 9 7
 sinC = 1– =
tan + tan2 16 4
= Avevi, sinA = sin2C = 2sinCcosC
1 – tantan2
1 3 7 3 3 7
7 4
+ =2  = [2 Marks]
4 4 8
=
3 Ges, sinB = sin3C = 3sinC – 4sin3C
1–
28 3 7 4 (7 7)
= –
4 + 21 4 43
=
25 5 7
=1 [4 Marks] = [2 Marks]
16
 a : b : c = sinA : sinB : sinC
11. 2(cos – cos) + coscos = 1 n‡j cÖgvY Ki †h, =[Link] [2 Marks]
 
tan  3tan = 0
2 2
13. cÖgvY Ki †h, 
cosA + cosBn  sinA + sinB n n1
 
[Prove that tan  3 tan = 0, when 2(cos – cos) +
 sinA – sinB  + cosA – cosB = 2cot 2(A – B) A_ev
2 2 0 hLb n h_vµ‡g †Rvo A_ev we‡Rvo msL¨v|
[Prove that 
coscos = 1.] cosA + cosBn  sinA + sinB n n1
mgvavb: 2(cos – cos) + coscos = 1  sinA – sinB  + cosA – cosB = 2cot 2(A – B) or
 2cos – 2cos + coscos = 1 0, when the n is even and odd respectively.]
n n
 cos(cos – 2) = 1 – 2cos
mgvavb: L.H.S =  sinA – sinB  + cosA – cosB
cosA + cosB sinA + sinB
2cos – 1
 cos = [3 Marks] n n
2 – cos
2cosA + B cosA – B 2sinA + B cosA – B
  2   2   2   2 
=  + B–A 
1 – tan2
2 –
 2cos 2  sin 2    2sin 2  sin 2  
–1 A + B A B A+B
2
2  2
1 – tan 1 + tan
2 n
2 A – B  A – B
 = = cotn + – cot  [4 Marks]
1 + tan2

1 – tan2
  2    2 
2 2 n = †Rvo msL¨v n‡j,
2–
 1 1
1 + tan2 cotn (A – B) + cotn (A – B)
2 2 2
  n1
1 – tan2 1 – 3tan2 = 2cot (A – B) = R.H.S [3 Marks]
2 2 2
 = [4 Marks] n = we‡Rvo msL¨v n‡j,
 
1 + tan2 1 + 3tan2 1 1
2 2
cotn (A – B) – cotn (A – B)
2 2
 4
= 0 = R.H.S [3 Marks] 16. mg AvqZ‡bi `ywU Kvu‡Pi evj¦ GKwU miæ b‡ji mv‡_ hy³ Ges 0C
ZvcgvÎv Ges 76 cm cvi` Pv‡c M¨vm c~Y© i‡q‡Q| GKwU evj¦ MwjZ
14. †`LvI †h, ei‡d Ges Ab¨wU 62C ZvcgvÎvi cvwbMv‡n ivLv nj| evj¦ `ywUi g‡a¨
2cos2n + 1 bZzb Pvc KZ? [miæ b‡ji AvqZb Awe‡eP¨]
= (2cos – 1)(2cos2 – 1)(2cos22 – 1) ... (2cos2n–1 – 1)
2cos + 1 [Two glass bulbs of equal volume are connected by a narrow
2cos2n + 1 tube and are filled with a gas at 0C and a pressure of 76 cm
[Show that = (2cos – 1)(2cos2 – 1)(2cos22 – 1) ...
2cos + 1 of mercury. One of the bulbs is then placed in melting ice
(2cos2n–1 – 1).] and the other is placed in water bath maintained at 62C.
mgvavb: (2cos + 1)(2cos – 1) = 4cos2 – 1 What is the new value of the pressure inside the bulbs? The
1 volume of the connecting tube is negligible.]
= 4  (1 + cos2) – 1 mgvavb: awi, cÖwZwU ev‡j¦i AvqZb V Ges ïiæ‡Z Dcw¯’Z †gvj,
2
= 2 + 2cos2 – 1 PV (76 cm Hg)V
n= =
= 2cos2 + 1 RT R(273)
2cos2 + 1 2  (76 cm Hg) V
 2cos – 1 = [3 Marks] `ywU ev‡j¦i Dcw¯’Z †gvj 2n = R (273)
[3 Marks]
2cos + 1
Abyiƒcfv‡e, hLb GKwU evj¦ MwjZ ei‡d (273 K) Ges 62C = 335 K
2cos22 + 1 ZvcgvÎvi cvwb Mv‡n ivLv nq ZLb Dcw¯’Z †gvj ïiæ‡Z Dcw¯’Z
2cos2 – 1 = †gv‡ji mgvb| hw` evj¦ `ywUi g‡a¨ †kl Pvc Pf nq,
2cos2 + 1
2cos23 + 1 Pi (2V) PfV PfV
2cos22 – 1 = = + [3 Marks]
2cos22 + 1 Ti Tf1 Tf1
2cos2n + 1 (76 cm Hg) (2V) PfV PfV
 2cos2n–1 – 1 = n–1 [4 Marks]  = +
2cos2  + 1 273 273 335
Zvn‡j, 2  76 273  335
2 n–1  Pf = 
(2cos – 1)(2cos2 – 1)(2cos2  – 1) .... (2cos2  – 1) 273 608
2 3 n
2cos2 + 1 . 2cos2  + 1 . 2cos2  + 1 .... 2cos2  + 1  Pf = 83.75 cm of Hg [4 Marks]
= 2 n–1
2cos + 1 2cos2 + 1 2cos2  + 1 2cos2  + 1
17. M f‡ii GKwU Acwievnx MwZkxj Rv‡ii g‡a¨ M fi wewkó GKwU
2cos2n + 1
 = (2cos – 1)(2cos2 – 1)(2cos22 – 1) M¨vm i‡q‡Q| M¨vmwUi AvYweK fiI M| RviwU‡K _vgv‡b n‡j ZvcgvÎv
2cos + 1
.... (2cos2n–1 – 1) T cwigvY n«vm cvq| RviwU‡K _vgv‡bvi c~‡e© MwZkw³ wbY©q Ki| M¨v‡mi
[3 Marks] iƒ×Zvcxq m~PK = |
[An insulated gas jar of mass M which is equal to the
15. GKwU cwievnx wc÷b wmwjÛvi AvK…wZi bj‡K A Ges B `ywU fv‡M molecular mass of the enclosed gas moves with certain
fvM K‡i| `ywU fv‡M mgvb f‡ii `ywU wfbœ M¨vm Ae¯’vb K‡i| M¨vm `ywUi kinetic energy. The mass of the gas contained is M. When
†gvjvi fi h_vµ‡g MA = 32 g, MB = 28 g| M¨vmxq mvg¨ve¯’vq `ywU the jar is stopped, the temperature of the gas is decreased by
fv‡Mi ˆ`‡N©¨i AbycvZ (X1 : X2) wbY©q Ki| T. Find the kinetic energy of the system before stopping.
[A conducting piston separates a cylindrical tube into two Take the adiabatic exponent of the gas to be .]
compartments A and B. The two compartments contain mgvavb: cigvYymg~‡ni MwZkw³, Af¨šÍixY kw³‡Z iæcvšÍwiZ nq|
Mv2 = nCVT =  
equal mass of two different gases. The molar mass of two 1 M R  ∵ CV = R 
T
gases are MA = 32 g and MB = 28 g. Find the ratio of lengths 2  M   – 1   – 1
(X1 : X2) of the two compartments in equilibrium.] 2RT
v= [4 Marks]
M( – 1)
wm‡÷‡gi MwZkw³, K = Kgas jar + KcigvYy
1 1
A B  K = 2 Mv2 + 2Mv2
1
 K = (2M)v2 = Mv2
2
2RT
K= [6 Marks]
X1 X2 –1
mgvavb: Av`k© M¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î, PV = nRT
m 18. V1 AvqZbwewkó GKwU cv‡Î, P1 Pv‡c I T1 ZvcgvÎvq M1 AvYweK
 PV = RT fiwewkó †Kv‡bv M¨vm ivLv Av‡Q| V2 AvqZbwewkó Av‡iKwU cv‡Î P2
M
mRT Pv‡c I T2 ZvcgvÎvq M2 AvYweK fiwewkó Aci GKwU M¨vm ivLv Av‡Q|
 MV = = aªæeK [5 Marks]
P hw` Dfq cv‡Îi M¨vmØq wgkv‡bvi ci wgkÖ‡Yi Pvc I ZvcgvÎv h_vµ‡g
M¨vm `ywUi mgvb f‡ii, GKB ZvcgvÎv I Pv‡ci nIqvq, P0 I T0 nq Z‡e wgkÖ‡Yi NbZ¡ KZ?
 MAVA = MBVB [A container of volume V1 has an ideal gas of molar mass
32 (X1A) = 28 (X2A) M1 at pressure P1 and temperature T1. Another container of
X1 7 volume V2 has another ideal gas of molar mass M 2 at
 = [5 Marks] pressure P and temperature T .Two gases are mixed in a
X2 8 2 2
vessel and acquire an equilibrium temperature of T0 and P0
respectively. Find the density of the mixture.]
 5
P 1V 1 P2V2 1 = R  20C ZvcgvÎvq m¤ú„³ Rjxq ev‡®úi NbZ¡
mgvavb: n1 = RT Ges n2 = RT
1 2 10
wgkÖ‡Yi †ÿ‡Î, P0V0 = (n1 + n2) RT0 =  17.3  10–6
100
V0 = (n1 + n2)
RT0
[3 Marks] = 1.73  10–6 gm/cc [2 Marks]
P0 2 = R  20C
n1M1 + n2M2 ZvcgvÎvq m¤ú„³ Rjxqev‡®úi NbZ¡,
 wgkÖ‡Yi NbZ¡,  =
V0 2 = 0.7  17.3  10–6 gm/cc [2 Marks]
(n1M1 + n2M2) P0 myZivs, cvwb ev®úxf~Z nIqvq Rjxq ev‡®úi NbZ¡ e„w×
=
(n1 + n2) RT0
= 2 – 1
 1V1M1 + P2V2M2 P0
P
= 7  1.73  10–6 – 1.73  10–6
 RT1 RT2 
= = 6  1.73  10–6 gm/cc [3 Marks]
 1 1 + 2 2 RT0
P V P V
GLb N‡ii AvqZb = 20  10  4
 RT1 RT2 
(P1V1T2M1 + P2V2T1M2) P0 = 800 m3
=
(P1V1T2 + P2V2T1)RT0
[7 Marks] = 8  108 cc
 ev®úxf~Z cvwbi fi = 8  108  6  1.73  10–6
19. GKwU Av`k© Zvc cwievnx cv‡Îi AvqZb V = 0.4 m3| cv‡Îi g‡a¨ = 8304 gm
= 8.304 kg [3 Marks]
T = 273 K ZvcgvÎvq Av`k© M¨vm ivLv Av‡Q| STP †Z M¨v‡mi NbZ¡ 
= 1.2 kg m–3| M¨v‡mi GKwU wbw`©ó cwigvY‡K †ei n‡Z †`qv n‡jv|
21. GKwU Kv‡Y©v Bwćb 5 mol M¨vm wb‡q 100C Ges 30C ZvcgvÎvi
d‡j M¨v‡mi Pvc P = 0.24 atm K‡g †Mj| †h cwigvY M¨vm †ei g‡a¨ Pvjbv Kiv n‡”Q| cÖwZ P‡µ Kvh©Ki K…ZKvR 420 J n‡j m‡gvò
n‡q‡Q Zvi fi KZ? cÖmvi‡Yi c~‡e© I c‡i AvqZ‡bi AbycvZ KZ?
[A perfectly conducting vessel of volume V = 0.4 m3 contains
[In a carnot engine 5 mol gas was used in between 100C &
an ideal gas at a temperature T = 273 K. The density of the
30C. Every cycle requires 420 J work. Determine the ratio
gas at STP is  = 1.2 kgm–3. A portion of the gas is let out
of volume before and after isothermal expansion.]
and the pressure of the gas falls by P = 0.24 atm. Find the Q T
mass of the gas which escapes from the vessel.] mgvavb: Q1 = T1
2 2
mgvavb: awi, M¨v‡mi Avw` I †kl Pvc h_vµ‡g P1 Ges P2 373
P1V = n1RT  Q1 = Q .............(i) [2 Marks]
303 2
P2V = n2RT
W = Q 1 – Q2
†hLv‡b, T = 273 K
 420 = Q1 – Q2 ..........(ii) [3 Marks]
m1 – m2
 (P1 – P2) V = (n1 – n2) RT =  Q1 = 2238 J
 M  RT V2
m W1 = Q1 = nRT1 ln
 (P) V = RT ...........................(i) [3 Marks] V1
M V2
Avw` Ae¯’vq (STP-†Z),  2238 = 5  8.314  373 ln
V1
T = 273 K V2
RT P0  = 1.155 [5 Marks]
= ..............................(ii) [3 Marks] V1
M  
(i) I (ii) †_‡K, 22.
V P
m = P(atm) B
P0 2Po C
1.2  0.4  0.24
=
1 GK cvigvYweK M¨vm
= 0.1152 kg Po D
 m = 115.2 g [4 Marks] A
Vo 2Vo V
20. GKwU N‡ii cwigvc 20 m  10 m  4 m| 20C ZvcgvÎvq D³ †jLwU GKwU Zvc Bwćbi Pµ wb‡`©k K‡i| BwÄbwUi Kg©`ÿZv wbY©q
Av‡cwÿK Av`ª©Zv 10% †_‡K evwo‡q 70% Ki‡Z KZUzKz cvwb ev®úxf’Z Ki|
nIqv cÖ‡qvRb? 20C ZvcgvÎvq m¤ú„³ Rjxq ev‡®úi NbZ¡ = 17.3  [The graph above shows the cycle of a heat engine.
10–6 gm/cc| Determine its efficiency.]
[The measurement of a room is 20 m  10 m  4 m. If the mgvavb: A  B
room temperature is 20C and relative humidity rises to 3
70% from 10%, then find the amount of water need to be Qin1 = W + U = 0 + nCvT = R(2T0 – T0)
2
evaporated. (Density of water vapor at 20C is 17.3  10–6 3
gm/cc)] = RT0 [2 Marks]
2
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, Av‡cwÿK Av`ª©Zv BC
tC ZvcgvÎvq wbw`©ó AvqZ‡bi evqy‡Z Dcw¯’Z Rjxq ev‡®úi fi 5
R=
tC ZvcgvÎvq IB AvqZ‡bi evqy‡K m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq Rjxq ev‡®úi fi
Qin2 = nCpT = R (4T0 – 2T0)
2
tC ZvcgvÎvq Dcw¯’Z Rjxq ev‡®úi NbZ¡ = 5 RT0 [2 Marks]
R= CD
tC ZvcgvÎvq m¤ú„³ Rjxq ev‡®úi NbZ¡
 20C ZvcgvÎvq evqy‡Z Dcw¯’Z Rjxq ev‡®úi NbZ¡,
 6
3 increases by 50 K. Calculate the spring constant and the
Qout1 = W + U = 0 + nCvT = R (2T0 – 4T0)
2 heat supplied by the heater.
= – 3RT0 [2 Marks] (P0 = 1.0  105 Nm–2)]
DA mgvavb:
5 5
Qout2 = nCpT = R (T0 – 2T0) = – RT0 [2 Marks] P0
2 2 k P0
 Wtotal =  + 5 – – 3 RT0
3 5
2 2 
= RT0
RT0
=  100% = 15.38% [2 Marks]
 + 5 RT0
3
2 
kx
23. wZbwU Kv‡b©v BwÄb GKwU T1 ZvcgvÎvi ZvcDrm I T4 ZvcgvÎvi P = P0 +
A
[2 Marks]
ZvcMÖvn‡Ki gv‡S wmwi‡R hy³ (wPÎvbymv‡i)| hw` T1 > T2 > T3 > T4
Ges cÖ‡Z¨KwU Bwćbi Kg©`ÿZv GKB nq Z‡e T3 Gi gvb T1 I T4 Gi 
 W = PdV

 W =  P
gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki| kx
+
Adx
W1 W2 W3  A
0

 W = P0Ax + kx2
1
 2 
T1 A T2 B T3 C T4
1
[Three 0Carnot engines0 operate in series
0 between a0 heat  50 = 105  4  10–3  0.1 + k  (0.1)2
2
source at a temperature T1 and a heat sink at temperature
 k = 2000 Nm–1 [4 Marks]
T4 (according to the figure). If T1 > T2 > T3 > T4 and every
engines are equally efficient than express T3 with respect to
Avevi,
3
T1 and T4.] U = nCvT = 2   50  8.3 = 1245 J [2 Marks]
mgvavb: kZ©g‡Z, 2
T2 T3 T4 Avevi,
= =
T1 T2 T3 Q = U + W
Q = 1245 + 50 = 1295 J [2 Marks]
 T3 = T2T4
2

1
6 3
 T3 = (T2T4)2............(i) [3 Marks] 25. GKwU wmwjÛv‡i 300 K ZvcgvÎvq I 10 Pa Pv‡c 0.001 m M¨vm
2
Ges, T2 = T1T3 Av‡Q| M¨vmwU‡K cÖ_‡g m‡gvò cÖmviY Kiv nj Ges c‡i iæ×Zvcxq
1 cÖwµqvq AveviI cÖmviY Kiv nj, cÖwZ †ÿ‡ÎB cÖmvi‡Yi AbycvZ 1 : 2|
= T1(T2T4)2 .............(ii) cÖmvi‡Y †gvU Kv‡Ri cwigvY †ei K‡iv|
1
= T1(T2T4)2 [(i) n‡Z] [2 Marks] [There are some gases in a cylinder with 300K temperature,
3 3
106 Pa pressure and 0.001 m3 volume. Initially the gas
undergoes isothermal expansion and later it goes under
 T22 = T1T24 adiabatic expansion. Each case has a 1 : 2 ratio of
1
2 expansion. Determine the total work for those expansions.]
 T2 = (T1T4)3.............(ii) [3 Marks] mgvavb: 1g av‡c,
(i) n‡Z, V2
1 W1 = nRT ln
V1
 2
1
2 V2
T3 = (T1T4)3 T4 [(i) n‡Z] = P1V1 ln
V1
1
 T3 = (T1
2
T )3
4
[2 Marks] [∵ PV = nRT]
= 106 × 0.001 ln2
24. GKwU wmwjÛv‡ii mv‡_ finxb Ges Nl©Ynxb w¯úªs Gi mv‡_ hy³ = 693.147 J [2 Marks]
4  10–3 m2 cÖ¯’‡”Q‡`i †ÿÎdjwewkó wc÷b jvMv‡bv Av‡Q| wmwjÛv‡ii iæ×Zvcxq cÖmvi‡Y,
wfZ‡i 2 mole Gi GK cvigvYweK M¨vm ivLv Av‡Q| ïiæ‡Z w¯úªswU –1
T1V 1 = T2V 2
–1

mvg¨ve¯’vq Av‡Q| GKwU B‡jKwUªK wnUv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ M¨v‡m Zvc †`qvi Rb¨ 1 1.4 – 1
 T2 =   × 300
wnUviwU wmwjÛv‡ii wfZ‡i ¯’vcb Kiv n‡jv| d‡j M¨v‡mi AvqZb cÖmvwiZ 2
n‡jv Ges 50 J KvR m¤úbœ n‡jv| G‡Z wc÷bwUi 0.10 m miY n‡jv = 227.357 K [2 Marks]
Ges M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv 50 K e„w× †cj| w¯úªs aªæe‡Ki gvb I wnUvi KZ…©K
PV = nRT
cÖ`Ë Zv‡ci gvb wbY©q K‡iv| (P0 = 1.0  105 Nm–2) PV 106 × 0.001
[Two moles of an ideal monatomic gas are confined within a n= = = 0.4 mole [2 Marks]
RT 8.314 × 300
cylinder by a massless and frictionless spring loaded piston nR
of cross-sectional area 4  10–3 m2. Initially the spring is in W2 = (T – T1)
1– 2
its relaxed state. Now the gas is heated by an electric heater, 0.4 × 8.314
placed inside the cylinder, for some time. During this time, = (227.357 – 300)
1 – 1.4
the gas expands and does 50 J of work in moving the piston
= 603.95 J [3 Marks]
through a distance 0.10 m. The temperature of the gas
 7
Wnet = W1 + W2  Gwm‡Wi †gvj = 0.15 x
= 1297.1 J [1 Mark]  jeY ˆZwi n‡e (50 – x)  0.1 †gvj
 Aewkó GwmW _vK‡e 0.15x – 0.1 (50 – x) [2 Marks]
26. GKwU Kv‡b©v BwÄb hLb 27 C ZvcgvÎvq Zvc MÖvn‡K _v‡K ZLb Gi
†nbWvim‡bi m~Î g‡Z,
Kg©`ÿZv 50%| G‡K 60% Kg©`ÿ Ki‡Z n‡j Gi Dr‡mi ZvcgvÎv KZ 0.1(50 – x)
evov‡Z n‡e? 4.7 = – log(2  10–5) + log
0.15x – 0.1(50 – x)
[When the temperature of a Carnot engine is 27C, its 5 – 0.1x
efficiency is 50%. To make the engine 60% efficient, how  =1
0.25x – 5
much temperature of the source needs to be increased?]  x = 28.6 mL [6 Marks]
T
mgvavb: 1 = 1 – T2  ÿv‡ii AvqZb = 50 – 28.6 = 21.6 mL [2 Marks]
1

– 300
 0.5 = 1 30. 20C ZvcgvÎvq cvwbi we‡qvRb aªæeK Ges pH wnmve Ki| 20C
T1
 T1 = 600 K [4 Marks] I 25C G Kw Gi gvb h_vµ‡g 6.809  10–15 I 1  1–14
T [Calculate the ionization constant and pH of water at 20C.
2 = 1 –
2

T1 Given at 25C and 20C the value of Kw is respectively 1 

300 10–14 and 6.809  10–1.5]
 0.6 = 1 – mgvavb: 2H2O ⇌ H3O+ + OH–
T1
[H3O+]  [OH–] Kw
 T1 = 750 K [4 Marks] K= = [1 Mark]
[H2O]2 [H2O]
 T1 = 150 K [2 Marks]
1000
cvwbi NbZ¡ 1 g mL–1 a‡i 1 L cvwbi †gvjmsL¨v = 18
27. 0C ZvcgvÎvq 1 kg eid‡K 100C ZvcgvÎvi cvwb‡Z cwiYZ
= 55.56
Ki‡Z GbUªwci e„w× wbY©q K‡iv|  [H2O] = 55.56 mol/L [2 Marks]
[Determine the charge of entropy to convert 1 kg ice of 0C 6.809  10–15
to 100C water?] C G K = = 2.206  10–18 [3 Marks]
[55.56]2
mgvavb: S = S1 + S2 Avevi, Kw = [H ]  [OH ]
+ –
mlf T2
= + mS ln [5 Marks]  Kw = [H+]
T T1
1 × 3.36 × 105 373  pH = – log [H+] = – log ( 6.809  10–15)
= + 1 × 4200 ln = 7.083 [4 Marks]
273 273
–1
 S = 2541.617 JK [5 Marks]
31. NaCN Ges HCl aviYKvix GK wjUvi pH 8.5 Gi evdvi `ªeY
28. A¨vwmwUK Gwm‡Wi b~b¨Zg NbZ¡ KZ n‡Z n‡e hv‡Z GK wjUvi cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡Z KZ MÖvg-†gvj HCl cÖ‡qvRb n‡e, 0.01 MÖvg dgy©jv IR‡bi
A¨vwmwUK GwmW A¨vwm‡÷ evdvi `ªe‡Yi (pH = 4.74) 50mL 1 M HCl NaCN e¨envi K‡i? we‡qvRb aªæeK K(HCN) = 4.1  10–10
†hvM Kivi ci 0.1 BDwb‡Ui †ewk cwieZ©b bv nq? Ka = 1.8  10–5 [How many gram-mole of HCl will be required to prepare
[What must be the minimum concentration of acetic acid in one litre of buffer solution (containing NaCN and HCl) of
a one litre buffer solution of acetic acid acetate (pH = 4.74) pH 8.5 using 0.01 gram formula weight of NaCN?
–10
if the pH changes by not more than 0.1 unit on addition of Dissociation constant K(HCN) = 4.1  10 .]
50 mL 1 M HCl. Ka = 1.8  10 ] –5 [jeY]
mgvavb: 50 mL 1 M HCl hy³ Kivq hw` pH 0.1 cwigvY cwiweZ©b nq, mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, pH = pKa + log [A¤ø]
Z‡e bZzb pH = 4.74 – 0.1 = 4.64 [2 Marks] hw` x †gvj HCl †gkv‡bv nq Z‡e Zv NaCN Gi mv‡_ wgwkÖZ n‡q x
ZLb Gwm‡W NbgvÎv n‡e, †gvj cwigvY `ye©j GwmW HCN ˆZwi Ki‡e|
[jeY] mvg¨ve¯’vq : NaCN + HCl  NaCl + HCN
pH = pKa + log [3 Marks]
[ÿvi] (0.01 – x) x x x
x – 50 A¤ø x q evdv‡i,
ev, 4.64 = – log10(1.8  10–5) + log x + 50
[jeY]
ev, x = 416.69 pH = – log Ka + log [4 Marks]
[A¤ø]
 x = 0.45 M 0.01 – x
 8.5 = – log(4.1  10–10) + log 
 Gwm‡Wi b~¨bZg NbgvÎv [GwmW] = 0.416 M [5 Marks]  x 
0.01 – x
ev, 8.5 = (10 – log 4.1) + log  x 
29. `ywU e~¨‡iU †`Iqv Av‡Q| GKwU 0.15 M GwmwUK GwmW w`‡q c~Y©
0.01 – x
Ges Ab¨wU 0.1 M NaOH `ªeY w`‡q c~Y©| pH 4.7 Gi †gvU 50 mL ev, log  x  = – 0.8872 [log 4.1 = 0.6128]
AvqZ‡bi `ªeY ˆZwi Ki‡Z G‡`i‡K Kx cwigv‡Y wgwkÖZ Ki‡Z n‡e?
GwmwUK Gwm‡Wi Ka = 2  10–5. 0.01 – x
ev, x = 0.1296
[You are given two burettes. One is filled with 0.15 M acetic
acid and other with 0.10 M NaOH solution. How much of  x = 8.85  10–3 M = 8.85  10–3 mol HCl [6 Marks]
each would you mix together to produce a total of 20 mL
with a pH = 4.7. Ka of acetic acid is 2  10–5.] 32. 6g/L A¨vwmwUK Gwm‡Wi Rjxq `ªe‡Y OH– Gi NbgvÎv
mgvavb: awi, x mL A¨vwmwUK GwmW jvM‡e| 4.25  10–10 M| H `ªe‡Y Gwm‡Wi kZKiv we‡qvRb ; we‡qvRb aªæeK
 ÿv‡ii `ªe‡Yi AvqZb = 50 – x (Ka) Ges pKa Gi gvb MYbv Kiv|
 8
[In a 6g/L solution of acetic acid the concentration of OH – is GLv‡b, bigvwjwU
4.25  10–10 M. Calculate the percent dissociation. Ka and (eSV)acid – (eSV)base
†gvjvwiwU = Zzj¨msL¨v
pKa of the acid in the solution] [H+] =
50 + 10 + 20
mgvavb: CH3COOH(aq) ⇌ H+(aq) + CH3COO–(aq) [4 Marks]
mvg¨ve¯’vq: x–   2  0.5  50 + 2  0.05  10 – 1  0.2  20
=
6 50 + 10 + 20
Gwm‡Wi NbgvÎv, x = 60 M = 0.1 M = 0.5875 M
Avevi, [H+] [OH–] = Kw pH = – log (0.5875)
Kw 1  10–14  pOH = 14 – 0.231 = 13.769 [6 Marks]
 [H+] = – = M
[OH ] 4.25  10–10
(a) 3.5% 
= 2.35  10–5 M [2 Marks] 35. W
we‡qvwRZ †gvjmsL¨v  V  NaOH `ªe‡Yi pH KZ?
 Gwm‡Wi kZKiv we‡qvRb =
†gvU †gvjmsL¨v  100 [What is the pH of 3.5%   NaOH solution?]
W
V
2.35  10–5 (b) H2SO4 `ª‡eYi pH = 2.05 n‡j [H2SO4] = ?
=  100
0.1
[What is the value of [H2SO4] in a solution of H2SO4 having
= 0.0235% [3 Marks]
pH = 2.05?]
0.0235 –4
GLv‡b, we‡qvRb gvÎv,  = 100 = 2.35  10 mgvavb: (a) 3.5% NaOH ej‡Z †evSvq 100 cc `ªe‡Y NaOH _v‡K
3.5 g
[H+] [(CH3COO–)] (2.35  105)2 n W 
 Ka = n= 
= W
(0.1 – 2.35  10–4)  H `ªe‡Yi †gvjvwiwU, s = =
[CH3COOH]
–9
v MV  M
= 5.536  10 [3 Marks] 3.5
 pKa = – log (Ka) = – log(5.536  10–9) =
100
= 0.875
= 8.26 [2 Marks] 40 
1000
GLb, NaOH  Na+ + OH–
0.875 0.875 0.875
33. 500 mL 0.35 mol L–1 `ªe‡Y cvwb †hvM K‡i NbgvÎv KZ Ki‡j pOH = – log (0.875)
H2S Gi we‡qvRb 12 ¸Y n‡e? H2S Gi Ka = 9.1  10–8.  pH = 14 – 0.0579 = 13.942 [5 Marks]
[Sufficient water is added to 500 mL 0.35 mol/L H 2S 2–
(b) H2SO4  2H + SO4
+
solution to make the dissociation 12 times as before, what is
 pH = – log [H+] = 2.05
the changed concentration tration? Ka = 9.1  10–8]
 [H+] = 8.913  10–3 M
mgvavb: H2S(aq) ⇌ 2H+(aq) + S2–(aq) wewµqv n‡Z cvB, `ªe‡Y H2SO4 Gi †gvj msL¨v
(1 – )c 2c c 1
(2c)2c 43c2 =  P(H+ Gi †gvjmsL¨v)
Ka = = [3 Marks] 2
(1 – )c 1 –  1
awi cwieZ©xZ NbgvÎv c Ges we‡qvRb gvÎv   H2SO4 Gi †gvjvwiwU =  [H+]
2
  = 12  1
=  8.913  10–3 M
GLb, 2
43  0.352 43 c2 = 4.456  10–3 M [5 Marks]
Ka = 9.1  10–8 = = [2 Marks]
1– 1 – 
 0.49  + 9.1  10  – 9.1  10–8 = 0
3 –8 36. 0.95 N dmdwiK Gwm‡Wi Rjxq `ªe‡Y pH KZ? pKa = 2.12.
  = 5.694  10–3 [What will be the pH of a 0.95 N phosphoric acid solution?
  = 12  5.694  10–3 pKa = 2.12]
3–
Ka(1 – ) mgvavb: H3PO4 3H+ + PO4
 c = = 8.158  10–3 M [5 Marks] ïiæ‡Z:
43 C 0 0
mvg¨ve¯’vq: (1 – )c 3c c
34. GLv‡b, pKa = 2.12
 – log Ka = 2.12
 Ka = 10–2.12
Normality 0.95
Ges C = equivalent number M = 3

50 mL 49 g/L = 0.3167 M [3 Marks]

10 mL 0.1 N 20 mL 0.2 M + 3 3–
H2SO4 H2SO4 NaOH [H ] [PO ] (3c) c 27 c
3 4 3
GLb, Ka = [H PO ]4 =
`ªeY wZbwU wgkÖ‡Yi pOH KZ? 3 4 (1 – )c 1–
[What is the pOH of the mixture of the 3 solutions?] hw`  << 1 nq, Zvn‡j K a = 27  4 3
c [3 Marks]
49
mgvavb: cÖ_g cv‡Î H2SO4 Gi NbgvÎv = 98 M = 0.5 M 4 Ka 4 10–2.12
= 3= = 0.3067
27c 27  (0.3167)3
0.1
2q cv‡Î H2SO4 Gi NbgvÎv = 2 M = 0.05 M  pH = – log[H ] = – log(3c)
+

= – log(3  0.3067  0.9167) = 0.5355 [4 Marks]

 9
[Note:  D‡cÿv bv Ki‡j pH  0.59 Avm‡e, †m‡ÿ‡Î c~Y© b¤^i (iv) Soft drink (†Kvgj cvbxq)
cv‡e|] (v) Crop seed (km¨ exR)
[Select the proper preservatives from the following list to
37. 280 cm3 Gi GKwU `ªe‡Y 1.2 g HCOOH Ges 2.1 g preserve the following foods/agricultural product. List of
CH3COOH Av‡Q| mgAvqb cÖfve D‡cÿv K‡i `ªe‡Yi pH †ei Ki| preservatives– Salt(NaCl), Vinegar, Sugar, CO and Y-rays
3 (i) Hilsha Fish
[There are 1.2g HCOOH and 2.1g CH 3COOH in a 280 cm
solution. Determine the value of pH of the solution and (ii) Pickle
ignore the common ion effect.] (iii) Jelly
–4 –5 (iv) Soft drink
[KHCOOH = 1.8  10 , KCH3COOH = 1.8  10 ]
(v) Crop seed]
1.2
mgvavb: nHCOOH = 46 = 0.026 mol mgvavb: (i) jeY (NaCl), (ii) wf‡bMvi, (iii) wPwb, (iv) CO2 (v) -iwk¥
[10 Marks]
0.026
CHCOOH = mol/L = 0.093 mol/L
280
40. (a) Lv`¨ msiÿK Kx?
1000
(b) wf‡bMvi Kxfv‡e e¨vK‡Uwiqv aŸsm K‡i?
2.1
nCH3COOH = = 0.035 mol [(a) What is food preservatives?
60
(b) How do vinegar destroy the bacteria?]
0.035
CCH3COOH = mol/L = 0.125 mol/L [4 Marks] mgvavb: (a) Lv`¨ msiÿY n‡jv †mmKj cÖvK…wZK ev ivmvqwbK c`v_© hv
0.28
pH = – log[AvqwbZ c`v‡_©i H+ AvqZ‡bi NbgvÎvi mgwó] Aí cwigv‡b Lv`¨e¯‘i mv‡_ wgwk‡q Lv`¨e¯‘‡K dvsMvm I
e¨vK‡Uwiqvi AvµgY A_ev Lv`¨e¯‘i GbRvB‡gi cÖfv‡e cPb †iva
= – log[ KHCOOH  CHCOOH + KCH3COOH  CCH3COOH]
Kiv hvq| Lv`¨ msiÿK e¨envi Kivi D‡Ïk¨:
= – log( 1.8  10–4  0.093 + 1.8  10–5  0.125) (i) Lv‡`¨i cywó gvb AÿzYœ ivLv
= 2.252 [6 Marks] (ii) Lv‡`¨i ¯’vwqZ¡Kvj evov‡bv
(iii) Lv‡`¨ †Kv‡bv welv³ c`v_© hy³ bv n‡Z †`Iqv [3 Marks]
38. 2-A¨vwg‡bv‡cÖvcv‡bvwqK GwmW Gi GKwU `ªe‡Yi pH gvb 3.88 Ges
`ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv 1.8  10–2 mol/L| GwmWwUi pka Gi gvb MYbv Ki|
(b) B_v‡bvwqK Gwm‡Wi 6 – 10% Rjxq `ªeY wf‡bMvi| Lv`¨`ª‡e¨
[A solution of 2-aminopropanoic acid has pH = 3.88 and
concentration = 1.8  10–2 mol/L. Calculate the pka of the wf‡bMvi †hvM Ki‡j Zv Dcv`v‡bi pH gvb‡K Kwg‡q †`q| G gvb 5
acid.] †_‡K 4 Gi wb‡P †b‡g Av‡m| Avi †h me Lv`¨`ª‡e¨ pH Gi gvb 4.5
mgvavb: †`Iqv Av‡Q, pH = 3.88 Gi †P‡q Kg, Zv e¨vK‡Uwiqv Øviv mn‡R bó nq bv| Gfv‡eB
 – log[H3O+] = 3.88 wf‡bMvi pH Gi gvb Kwg‡q Lv`¨`ªe¨‡K e¨vK‡Uwiqvi AvµgY †_‡K
 [H3O+] = 1.32  10–4 M
H2O(l) iÿv K‡i| GQvovI wf‡bMvi e¨vK‡Uwiqvi Ôactive siteÕ mg~n‡K
GLb, CH3 – CH(NH2) – C  CH3 – CH(NH2) – cÖkwgZ K‡i †d‡j| e¨vK‡Uwiqv †_‡K wbtm„Z GbRvBg Lv`¨ cP‡bi
COO–(aq) + H3O+(aq) [5 Marks]
+
[H3O ] [CH3 – CH(NH2) – COO – dvi‡g‡›Ukb wewµqvq cÖfveK wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| GbRvB‡gi †cÖvwUb
 ka = wkK‡ji bvB‡Uªv‡R‡b †h gy³ B‡jKUªb †Rvo _v‡K Zv G cÖfveb
[CH3 – CH(NH2) – COOH]
–4 2
(1.32  10 )
+
 [H3O ] wµqvi Rb¨ Ôactive siteÕ mieivn K‡i| wKš‘ wf‡bMv‡i Dcw¯’Z
= mol/L = [CH – CH(NH ) – COO–]
1.8  10–2 3 2 B_v‡bvwqK GwmW `ªeY †h H+ mieivn K‡i Zv H Ôactive siteÕ †K
 pka = – log(ka) = 6.014 M [5 Marks] cÖkwgZ K‡i|
H+ H+
39. wb‡Pi Q‡K ewY©Z Lv`¨/K…wl cY¨mg~n msiÿ‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡`q ZvwjKv .. .. 
.. 
..
– N – N – + H+  – N – N –
†_‡K Dchy³ wcÖRvi‡fwUf wbe©vPb Ki| cÖ‡`q wcÖRvi‡fwU‡fi ZvwjKv
d‡j GbRvBg Avi cÖfveb wµqv NUv‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvB Lv‡`¨
jeY (NaCl), wf‡bMvi, wPwb, CO Ges -iwk¥|
(i) Hilsha Fish (Bwjk gvQ) dvi‡g‡›Ukb N‡U bv| [7 Marks]
(ii) Pickle (AvPvi)
(iii) Jelly (†Rjx)
---
 1

Weekly-06 [D] (Solve Sheet)

wm‡jevm: mshy³ †Kv‡Yi w·KvYwgwZK AbycvZ, wecixZ w·KvYwgwZ  Av`k© M¨vm I
M¨v‡mi MwZZË¡, ZvcMwZwe`¨v  ivmvqwbK mvg¨ve¯’v, Kg©gyLx imvqb
c~Y©gvb: 400 Set-01 mgq: 2 NÈv

1. †`LvI †h, cot–1(2n – 1) – cot–1(2n + 1) = cot–1(2n2) Ges Bnvi 1 2n + 1

 tan + =
mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI †h, tan 2
2n + 1
4  tan2 + 1 = (tan) [4 Marks]
cot–1(2  12) + cot–1(2  22) + cot–1 (2  32) = cot–1 2
3
1
[Show that, cot–1(2n – 1) – cot–1(2n + 1) = cot–1(2n2) and with  tan2 – (2n + 1)tan + 1 = 0
2
the help of the equation show that, cot–1(2  12) + cot–1(2 
1 1
22) + cot–1 (2  32) = cot–1 ]
4 (2n + 1)  (2n + 1)2 – 4  1  1
2 4
3  tan = [4 Marks]
mgvavb: cot–1(2n – 1) – cot–1(2n + 1) 2
2
1 4n + 4n + 1
= tan–1
1
– tan–1
1 (2n + 1)  –4
2n – 1 2n + 1 2 4
=
(2n + 1) – (2n – 1) 2
(2n – 1)(2n + 1) 1 1
= tan–1 (2n + 1)  4n2 + 4n + 1 – 16
1 2 2
1+ =
(2n – 1)(2n + 1) 2
2n + 1 – 2n + 1 1
= tan–1 = (2n + 1  4n2 + 4n – 15) [2 Marks]
4n2 – 1 + 1 4
2
= tan–1 2 = cot–1(2n2) [5 Marks] 
4n 3. sec + cosec = 2 2 n‡j, cÖgvY Ki †h,  = (8n + 3) Ges
–1 –1
 cot (2n – 1) – cot (2n + 1) = cot (2n )–1 2 12
n = 1, 2, 3, 4 ewm‡q cvB, 
(8n + 1) †hLv‡b n  ℤ|
–1 –1 –1
cot 1 – cot 3 = cot (2  1 ) 2 4
–1 –1 –1
cot 3 – cot 5 = cot (2  2 ) 2 
[If sec + cosec = 2 2 , then show that,  = (8n + 3) and
–1 –1 –1
cot 5 – cot 7 = cot (2  3 ) 2 12
†hvM K‡i cvB, 
(8n + 1) ; where n  ℤ|]
–1 –1 –1 2 –1 2 –1
cot 1 – cot 7 = cot (2  1 ) + cot (2  2 ) + cot (2  3 ) 2 4
1 mgvavb: sec + cosec = 2 2
 cot–1(2  12) + cot–1(2  22) + cot–1(2  32) = tan–11 – tan–1 1 1
7
 + =2 2
1 cos sin
1–
7 1 1
= tan–1  cos + sin = 2cos sin ........... (i)
1 2 2
1+
7  
 cos cos + sin sin = sin2
–13 4 4
= tan
4  
 cos –  = cos – 2
= cot–1
4  4 2 
3  
  – = 2n   – 2 [4 Marks]
 cot–1(2  12) + cot–1(2  22) + cot–1 (2  32) = cot–1
4 4 2 
3 (+) wb‡q, (–) wb‡q,
[5 Marks]
   
 – = 2n + – 2  – = 2n – + 2
4 2 4 2
2. tan(cot) = cot(tan) n‡j, †`LvI †h,
3 
1  3 = 2n +  –  = 2n –
tan= (2n + 1  4n2 + 4n – 15) , †hLv‡b n  ℤ Ges n < – 2 4 4
4  
A_ev n > 1   = (8n + 3) [3 Marks]   = (– 8n + 1)
12 4
1 (i) n‡Z,
[If tan(cot) = cot(tan), then show that tan=
4
 
(2n + 1  4n2 + 4n – 15) ; where n  ℤ and n < – 2 or n > 1] cos sin + sin cos = sin2
4 4
mgvavb: tan(cot) = cot(tan) 
 sin  +  = sin2
    4
 cot – cot = cot(tan)
2  
 sin2 = sin  + 
  4
 tan = n + – cot

 2 = n + (– 1)n  +  ......... (ii)
2
 tan + cot = n +
1  4
2 (ii) G n = 2n ewm‡q,
 st
2  Chemistry 1 Paper Chapter-2

2 = 2n + (– 1)2n  +
1
6. mgvavb Ki: cosx cos2x cos3x = 4
 4
 1
 2 = 2n +  + [Solve: cosx cos2x cos3x =
]
4 4
 mgvavb: (2cos2x)(2cos3x cosx) = 1
  = 2n +
4  (2cos2x)(cos4x + cos2x) = 1
  2cos22x – 1 + 2cos2x cos4x = 0
  = (8n + 1) [3 Marks]
4  cos4x + 2cos2x cos4x = 0
 cos4x(2cos2x + 1) = 0 [4 Marks]
4. mgvavb Ki: 2sin22x – 6cos2x + 1 = 0 nq, cos4x = 0
[Solve: 2sin22x – 6cos2x + 1 = 0] 
 4x = (2n + 1)
mgvavb: 2sin22x – 6cos2x + 1 = 0 2
 2(2sinx cosx)2 – 6cos2x + 1 = 0 
 x = (2n + 1) ; n  ℤ [3 Marks]
 8sin2x cos2x – 6cos2x + 1 = 0 8
 8(1 – cos2x)cos2x – 6cos2x + 1 = 0 A_ev, 2cos2x + 1 = 0
 8cos2x – 8cos4x – 6cos2x + 1 = 0 1 2
 cos2x = – = cos
 8cos4x – 2cos2x – 1 = 0 2 3
 (2cos2x – 1)(4cos2x + 1) = 0i [5 Marks] 2
 2cos2x = 1 [⸪ 4cos2x + 1  0]  2x = 2n 
3
 cos2x =
1 
2  x = n  ; n  ℤ [3 Marks]
3
1
 cosx = 
2 7. mgvavb Ki: cos2x + cos22x + cos23x + cos24x = 2
1  [Solve: cos2x + cos22x + cos23x + cos24x = 2]
GLb, cosx = = cos
4
2 mgvavb: (cos2x – 1) + (cos22x – 1) + cos23x + cos24x = 0
  – sin2x – sin22x + cos23x + cos24x = 0
 x = 2n  ; n  ℤ [3 Marks]
4  (cos23x – sin2x) + (cos24x – sin22x) = 0
Avevi, cosx = –
1  cos4x cos2x + cos6x cos2x = 0
2  cos2x(cos4x + cos6x) = 0
3  2cos2x cos5x cosx = 0 [4 Marks]
= cos
4 nq, cos2x = 0
3 
 x = 2n  ; nℤ [2 Marks]  2x = (2n + 1)
4 2

 x = (2n + 1) ; n  ℤ [2 Marks]
5. mgvavb Ki: 2cos2x + 4cosx = 3sin2x 4
[Solve: 2cos2x + 4cosx = 3sin2x] A_ev, cosx = 0
mgvavb: 2cos2x + 4cosx – 3sin2x = 0 
 x = (2n + 1) ; n  ℤ [2 Marks]
2
 2cos2x + 4cosx – 3 + 3cos2x = 0
Ges, cos5x = 0
 5cos2x + 4cosx – 3 = 0

– 4  16 + 4  3  5  5x = (2n + 1)
 cosx = 2
25

– 2  19  x = (2n + 1) ;nℤ [2 Marks]
= [5 Marks] 10
5
wKš‘, a–b
– 2 – 19 8. hw` tantan = a+b
nq, Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h,
cosx = MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| [⸪ – 1  cosx  1]
5 (a – bcos2)( a – bcos2) = a2 – b2
A_©vr, a–b
– 2 + 19 [If tantan = , then prove that, (a – bcos2)( a –
cosx = a+b
5 2 2
bcos2) = a – b .]
 cosx = cos a–b
 19 – 2 mgvavb: tantan = a+b
 x = 2n  ; n  ℤ †hLv‡b,  = cos–1
 5  a–b
[5 Marks]  tan2tan2 =
a+b
 (a – b) = (a + b)tan2tan2 [3 Marks]
= Practice Content 3
L.H.S = (a – bcos2)(a – bcos2) 3
 1 = 2cos2B + 1 – (2sinBcosB) = 0 2
[4 Marks]
 1 – tan2   1 – tan2  4
= a–b a–b
 1 + tan2  1 + tan2 3
 2cos2B – sin22B = 0
    4
=  
2 2 2 2
a + a tan – b + b tan a + a tan – b + b tan
 1 + tan 2
  1 + tan 2
   8cos2B – 3 + 3cos22B = 0
(a – b) + (a + b) tan  (a – b) + (a + b) tan 
2 2  (cos2B + 3)(3cos2B – 1) = 0 [3 Marks]
=   GLb,
 1 + tan 2
 1 + tan 2

(a + b) tan  (1 + tan ) (a + b) tan  (1 + tan )
2 2 2 2 3cos2B – 1 = 0 [⸪ cos2B  – 3]
=   1
 1 + tan  2
 1 + tan  2
  cos2B = [3 Marks]
3
[a – b Gi gvb ewm‡q]
[5 Marks]

11. 2sin  sin  sin  sin  sin  Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|
3 5 7 9
= (a + b) tan tan 
2 2 2

a–b  22  22   22   22   22

= (a + b)2  
[Evaluate the value: 2sin  sin  sin  sin  sin  ]
a+b 3 5 7 9
= (a + b)(a –b) 22 22 22 22 22
= a2 – b2    3 5 7 9
= R.H.S [2 Marks] mgvavb: 2sin22 sin22  sin22  sin22  sin 22
 10  8  6
= 2sin – – –
9. tan + 2tan2 + 4tan4 + 8cot8 Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 2 22  sin2 22 sin2 22
 4  2
sin –  sin – 
[Evaluate the value: tan + 2tan2 + 4tan4 + 8cot8]
mgvavb: 4tan4 + 8cot8  2 22   2 22

= 2cos         
8 10 8 6 4 2
= 4tan4 +
tan(2  4)  22  cos22 cos22 cos22 cos22 [4 Marks]

= 2cos  cos  cos  cos  cos 
8 2 3 4 5
= 4tan4 +
2tan4 11 11 11 11 11

= – 2cos  cos  cos  cos –  cos 
1 – tan24 2 4 8 5
8 – 8tan 4 2  11   11   11   11   11
= 4tan4 + [3 Marks] 
2tan4 – 2sin 
8tan24 + 8 – 8tan24 11    2 4 8 5
= cos
=
2tan4  11 cos11 cos11 cos11 cos11
sin
4 11
=
– 2sin 
tan4 2
 11 
cos  cos  cos  cos  [3 Marks]
= 4cot4 2 4 8 5
=
 4tan4 + 8cot8 = 4cot4 .................. (i) [2 Marks]   11   11   11   11
2sin
Abyiƒcfv‡e, 4cot4 + 2tan2 = 2cot2..... (ii) 11

– 2sin 
Ges 2cot2 + tan = cot ....................... (iii) 4
(i), (ii) I (iii) †hvM K‡i cvB, 11 4 8 5
= cos
tan + 2tan2 + 4tan4 + 8cot8 = cot [5 Marks]  11 cos11 cos11
22sin
11

– 2sin 
3 3 8
10. 2 cosA = cosB + cos B I 2 sinA = sinB – sin B n‡j,
11 8 5
= cos
cÖgvY Ki †h, cos2B = 3
1
 11 cos11
23sin
11
[If 2 cosA = cosB + cos3B and 2 sinA = sinB – sin3B, then
– 2sin
16
cos 
5
prove that cos2B = ]
1.  11   11
=
3 
24sin 
mgvavb: †`Iqv Av‡Q, 11
3
2sin  cos 
2 cosA = cosB + cos B ........ (i) 5 5
2 sinA = sinB – sin3B .......... (ii) 11 11
=
(i)2 + (ii)2 K‡i cvB, 
24sin 
2 2 2 2
2(sin A + cos A) = cos B + sin B + cos B + sin B + 6 6
11
2cos4B – 2sin4B
sin
10
 1 = 2(cos4B – sin4B) + cos6B + sin6B  11 
 1 = {2(cos2B + sin2B) (cos2B – sin2B)} + (cos2B)3 =

+ (sin2B)3 24sin 
 11
 1 = 2cos2B + (cos2B + sin2B)3 – 3cos2Bsin2B(cos2B + sin2B)
 st
4  Chemistry 1 Paper Chapter-2

1  sin
GLb, cotA + cotB + cotC = 3
11  cot2A + cot2B + cot2C + 2 (cotAcotB + cotBcotC +
=

24 sin 
cotCcotA) = 3(cotAcotB + cotBcotC + cotCcotA)
11  cot2A + cot2B + cot2C – (cotAcotB + cotBcotC +
1 cotCcotA) = 0
= [3 Marks] 1
16
 {(cotA – cotB)2 + (cotB – cotC)2 + (cotC – cotA)2} = 0
2
  1 2 [4 Marks]
12. hw` – <  < 0 <  < Ges sin( + ) = I cos( – ) = nq GKvwaK eM©ivwki †hvMdj k~b¨ n‡j cÖ‡Z¨KwU eM©ivwki gvb
4 4 3 3
Avjv`vfv‡e k~b¨ nq|
Zvn‡j,   =?
2
sin cos cos sin
+ + +  cotA – cotB = 0
cos sin sin cos
  1 2  cotA = cotB
[If – <  < 0 <  < and sin( + ) = and cos( – ) = , Avevi,
4 4 3 3
cotB – cotC = 0
then 
sin cos cos sin  2
+ + + = ?]  cotB = cotC
cos sin sin cos  cotA = cotB = cotC
mgvavb: awi,  +  = A A=B=C [3 Marks]
–=B
 2 = A + B 14. hw` ABC wÎfz‡R, cos3A + cos3B + cos3C = 1 nq Z‡e †`LvI
I 2 = A – B †h, †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU †KvY Aek¨B 120 n‡e|
GLb, sin2 = sinA cosB + cosA sinB [In ABC triangle, if cos3A + cos3B + cos3C = 1 show that,
1 2 2 2 5
=  +  one of the angles is 120.]
3 3 3 3
mgvavb: cos3A + cos3B + cos3C = 1
2 + 2 10
= [4 Marks]  cos3A+ cos3B + cos{3 – 3(A + B)} = 1
9
[⸪ A + B + C = 180]
Avevi,  cos3A + cos3B – cos(3A + 3B) = 1
sin2 = sinA cosB – cosA sinB  cos3A + cos3B – cos3Acos3B + sin3Asin3B – 1 = 0
1 2 2 2
=  – 
5  cos3A(1 – cos3B) – 1(1 – cos3B) + sin3Asin3B = 0
3 3 3 3  (1 – cos3A)(1 – cos3B) = sin3Asin3B [4 Marks]
2 – 2 10
 2sin2   2sin2  = 2sin cos 2sin cos
3A 3B 3A 3A 3B 3B
= [4 Marks]
9 2 2 2 2 2 2
cÖ`Ë ivwk = 
sin cos cos sin 2
 tan  = cot 
3A 3B
+ +
cos sin sin cos
+ 2 2
cos( – ) cos( – )
2
3A  3B
= +  = – [3 Marks]
 cossin sincos  2 2 2
2cos( – ) 2cos( – )
2 
= + A+B=
 sin2 sin2  3
2 2
 
2 2 C= = 120 [⸪ A + B + C = 180] [3 Marks]
2 2 3
3 3
=  +
2 – 2 10 2 + 2 10 
 9 9  15. iæ×Zvcxq Ae¯’vq GKwU cv‡Î 3 †gvj wØcvigvYweK M¨vm i‡q‡Q hvi
16 RoZvi åvgK = 2.76  10–46 kgm2 Ges hvi ZvcgvÎv 250 K|
= [2 Marks]
9 Av‡iKwU, iæ×Zvcxq Ae¯’vq cv‡Î 5 †gvj GK cvigvYweK M¨vm i‡q‡Q
hvi ZvcgvÎv 470 Kl M¨vm mg~n‡K Av`k© we‡ePbv K‡i, wØcvigvYweK
13. A + B + C =  Ges cotA + cotB + cotC = 3 n‡j †`LvI †h, M¨v‡mi rms †eM wbY©q Ki hLb cvÎ `ywU‡K miæ bj Øviv GKwÎZ Kiv
A=B=C
nq| b‡ji AvqZb MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| cÖ_g cv‡Î †KŠwYK †eM  5  1012
[If A + B + C =  and cotA + cotB + cotC = 3 , then show
rad/s. [†evëRg¨vb aªæeK, kB = 1.38  10–23 JK–1.]
that A = B = C.]
[An adiabatic vessel contains 3 mole of a diatomic gas.
mgvavb: †`Iqv Av‡Q,
Moment of inertia of each molecule is 2.76  10–46 kgm2 and
A+B+C= temperature is 250 K. Another adiabatic vessel contains 5
A+B=–C mole of a monotomic gas at a temperature 470 K. Assume
cotAcotB – 1 the gases to be ideal, calculate root mean square angular
 = – cotC
cotB + cotA velocity of diatomic molecules when the two vessels are
 cotA cotB – 1 = – cotB cotC – cotC cotA connected by a thin tube of negligible volume. Angulas
 cotAcotB + cotBcotC + cotCcotA = 1 [3 Marks]
= Practice Content 5
velocity of 1st container  5  1012 rad/s. (Boltzmann

mH mHe –3
 2 + 4   8.3  300 = 6  10  16.6  10
5
constant kB = 1.38  10–23 JK–1).]
1 mH2 mHe 6  10.6  102
mgvavb: cÖ‡Z¨K ¯^vaxbZvi gvÎvq kw³ = 2 kBT  + = = 4 gram
2 4 8.3  300
†h‡nZz GwU wØcvigvYweK M¨vm ZvB Gi `ywU N~Y©b MwZkw³ i‡q‡Q|  2mH2 + mHe = 10 [3 Marks]
N~Y©b MwZkw³ = 2  2 kBT1 = kBT1
1 †`Iqv Av‡Q, mH2 + mHe = 10
mgvavb K‡i cvB, mH2 = 6g; mHe = 4g
1 2
 I = kBT1 nH2 = 3 mol; nHe = 1 mol
2 rms
PH nH 3
I2rms M¨vm؇qi Pv‡ci AbycvZ, P 2 = n 2 = 1
 T1 = He He
2kB
(2.76  10–46) (5  1012)2
Avgiv Rvwb,
=
2 (1.38  10–23) Pvc = fi‡e‡Mi cwieZ©b  GKK †ÿÎd‡j msN‡l©i msL¨v
 T1 = 250 K [3 Marks]  P = 2mvrms.f [5 Marks]
hLb `ywU cv·K GK mv‡_ hy³ Kiv nq ZLb ZvcgvÎvi cwieZ©b N‡U PH2 (2mvrmsf )H2
 =
wKš‘ †gvU kw³i †Kvb cwieZ©b N‡U bv †Kbbv GwU GKwU iæ×Zvcxq PHe (2mvrmsf )He
cÖwµqv| wgkÖ‡Y M¨v‡mi AvqZb GKB _v‡K, myZivs Af¨šÍixY kw³i 3 MHe
 =
MHe . f1
†Kvb cwieZ©b nq bv| †k‡li ZvcgvÎv Tf n‡j, 1 MHe MH2 fH2
n1f1T1 + n2f2T2 f1 3 MHe
Tf =
n1f1 + n2f2
................(i)  = =3 2 [2 Marks]
f2 1 M H2
wØ-cvigvYweK M¨v‡mi Rb¨,
f1 = 5, n = 3 Ges T1 = 250 K 17. 1 m evû wewkó GKwU Nb‡K wnwjqvg M¨vm ivLv Av‡Q| Nb‡K we`¨gvb
GK cvigvYweK M¨v‡mi Rb¨, M¨v‡mi Pvc 100 Nm–2| M¨v‡mi cigvYy¸‡jvi r.m.s †e‡M †Kv‡bv GKwU
f2 = 3, n2 = 5 Ges T2 = 470 K
†`qv‡ji mgvšÍiv‡j PjvPj Ki‡Q| G‡Z †`Lv †Mj 1s G GKwU †`qv‡ji mv‡_
mgxKiY (i) †_‡K,
(5) (3) (250) + (3) (5) (470) 500 evi msNl© nq| a‡i bvI, cigvYy¸‡jvi wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ msNl© K‡i bv|
 Tf = = 360 K [4 Marks] 25
(5) (3) + (3) (5) hw` R = 3 J mol–1K–1 Ges k = 1.38  10–23 JK–1 nq, Z‡e M¨v‡mi
†k‡l `ywU M¨vm wgkÖ‡Yi ZvcgvÎv 360 K. wØcvigvYweK M¨v‡mi †kl
N~Y©b rms †eM, (rms)f = f kw³i wefvRb bxwZ Abymvv‡i, ZvcgvÎv KZ?
1 2 [A cubical box of side 1 m contains helium gas (atomic weight
I = kBT
2 f 4) at a pressure of 100 Nm–2. During an observation time of 1
2kBT second, an atom travelling with the root mean square velocity
 f = parallel to one of the edges of the cube, was found to make 500
I
hits with a particular wall, without any collision with other
2  1.38  10–23  360 25
= Jmol–1K–1 and k = 1.38  10–23 JK–1, then
2.76  10–46 atoms. If R =
3
 f = 6  1012 rads–1 [3 Marks] calculate the temperature of the gas.]
mgvavb: ev‡·i AvqZb = 1 m3, M¨v‡mi Pvc = 100 Nm–2
16. 300 K ZvcgvÎvq 16.6 L AvqZ‡bi GKwU cv‡Î nvB‡Wªv‡Rb I hw` M¨v‡mi ZvcgvÎv T nq,
wnwjqvg M¨v‡mi wgkÖY ivLv Av‡Q| cv‡Î Pv‡ci cwigvY 6  105 Pa Ges `ywU cici msN‡l©i ga¨eZ©x mgqKvj,
M¨vm wgkÖ‡Yi fi 10 g| hw` GKK mg‡q I cv‡Îi GKK †ÿÎd‡j 1
t = 500 sec
f
nvB‡Wªv‡Rb I wnwjqvg AYyi msN‡l©i msL¨v h_vµ‡g f1 I f2 nq Z‡e f1 2l
2 Avevi, t = v , [2 Marks] l
Gi gvb KZ? (R = 8.3 J mol–1 K–1) rms
[†hLv‡b l = ev‡·i GK evûi ˆ`N©¨]
[A container of volume V = 16.6 litre contains a mixture of
hydrogen and helium at a temperature of 300 K. The 2l 1
pressure in the container is 6  105 Pa and mass of the  t = =
vrms 500
mixture is 10 g. Let f1 and f2 be the number of collisions
 vrms = 1000 ms–1 [∵ l = 1 m]
made by the hydrogen and helium molecules with unit area
f1 3RT
of the container wall in unit time. Calculate the ratio . (R  = 1000
f2 M
= 8.3 J mol–1 K–1)] (1000)2M (10)6(4  10–3)
T= = = 160 K [8 Marks]
3 
mgvavb: M¨vm wgkÖ‡Yi †ÿ‡Î, nRT = PV 3R 25
3

mH2 mHe 
+ RT = PV
MH2 MHe
18. †dbx kn‡i GK e¨w³ Zvi Mvwoi Uvqv‡ii Pvc †g‡c †`Lj 1.8 
105 Pa| IB kn‡i ZLb ZvcgvÎv 30C Ges evqyi Pvc 1  105 Pa|
 st
6  Chemistry 1 Paper Chapter-2
Gici IB e¨w³ ev›`ievb kn‡i †Mj| †mLvbKvi ZvcgvÎv †`Lj 15C CvdT Rdv dT
 + = 2
Ges evqyi Pvc 6  104 Pa| IB mgq IB e¨w³i Mvwoi Uvqv‡ii Pvc T V T

†g‡c KZ cvIqv hv‡e? a‡i bvI Dfq‡ÿ‡Î Uvqv‡ii AvqZb GKB|  Cv lnT + R ln V = – +C
T
[A person in Feni measured the pressure of the tyre of his 1 
car is 1.8  105 Pa. Temperature and atmospheric pressure  ln T + ln V = – +C
–1 RT
at that time in Feni were 30C and 1  105 Pa. The person 1
drived the car to Bandarban where temperature and
atmospheric pressure were 15C and 6  104 Pa.
 ln VT ( –1
) = – RT + C
1 
Considering the volume of the tyre remains constant, then –1 – RT
what was the pressure of the tyre at Bandarban?]  VT –e =C [8 Marks]
mgvavb: GLv‡b,
Mvwoi Uvqv‡ii Pvc, Pt1 = 1.8  105 Pa 20. GK †gvj Av`k© M¨vm Ggb cÖwµqv m¤úbœ K‡i †hLv‡b Pvc I AvqZb
T1 = 30C  1 b2
P =  1 –  mgxKiY †g‡b P‡j| hw` GB cÖwµqvq M¨vmwUi
= 30 + 273  2 v 
= 303 K AvqZb b n‡Z 2b †Z cwiewZ©Z nq Z‡e ZvcgvÎvi cwieZ©b wbY©q Ki|
P1 = 1  105 Pa [One mole of an ideal gas passes through a process where
 1 b 2
pressure and volume obey the equation P =  1 –   .
T2 = 15C
= 15 + 273  2 v 
= 288 K Calculate the change in the temperature of the gas if its
P2 = 6  104 Pa volume changes from b to 2b.]

mgvavb: V = b n‡j, P =  1– 2 = 2
Pt2 = x = ? 1
Pvc gvcvi h‡š¿ Uvqv‡ii †h Pvc cvIqv hvq Zv evqygЇji Pv‡ci
= V = 2b n‡j, P =  1–  =
†P‡q KZ †ewk Zv eySvq| 1 7
myZivs †dbx‡Z Uvqv‡ii g‡a¨ cÖK…Z Pvc,  8 2
P1 = Pt1 + P1 = 1.8  10 + 1  10
5 5 P V
i i
Ti =
nR
= 2.8  10 Pa
5
[3 Marks]
aiv hvK, ev›`ie‡b Pvc gvcvi h‡š¿i cvV = x Pa b
 Ti = [2 Marks]
2R
AZGe G‡ÿ‡Î Uvqv‡ii g‡a¨ evqyi cÖK…Z Pvc,
7b
P2 = (x + 6  104) Pa Tf =
R
Avgiv Rvwb,
 T = Tf – Ti
P1 P2 P1T2
= ev, P2 = b 
7– 
1
T1 T2 T1 =
R  2
2.8  10  288
5
 x + 6  104 = 13b
303  T = [8 Marks]
2R
2.8  104  288
x= – 6  10 4
303
21. GKwU Dj¤^ wmwjÛv‡ii cÖ¯’‡”Q‡`i †ÿÎdj A Ges GwU‡Z M f‡ii
 x = 20.6  106 Pa = 2.06  105 Pa
AZGe, Pvc gvcvi h‡š¿i Pvc 2.06  10 Pa 5
[7 Marks] GKwU wc÷b jvMv‡bv Av‡Q| wmwjÛv‡ii g‡a¨ 1 mole GK-cvigvYweK
Av`k© M¨vm ivLv Av‡Q| GKwU wnUv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ M¨v‡mi g‡a¨ cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û
 q cwigvY Zvc mieivn Kiv n‡”Q| wc÷bwU hw` Zvc Acwievnx nq Z‡e
19. GKwU Av`k© M¨v‡mi †gvjvi Av‡cwÿK Zvc, C = mgxKiY
T wc÷‡bi †Kvb †e‡Mi Rb¨ M¨v‡mi Pvc me©`v P0 _vK‡e?
Abymv‡i ZvcgvÎvi mv‡_ cwiewZ©Z nq †h ZvcMZxq cÖwµqvq Gi cwieZ©b [A vertical cylinder of cross-sectional area A contains one
N‡U Zvi mgxKiY †KvbwU? mole of an ideal monotomic gas under a piston of mass M.
[For an ideal gas the equation of a process for which the At a certain instant, a heater that transmits to the gas an
molar specific heat of the gas varies with temperature as C amount of heat q per unit time is switched on under the
 piston. Determine the velocity v of the piston under the
= . What is the equation for that process?] condition that the gas pressure under piston is constant and
T
equal to P0 and the gas under the piston is thermally

mgvavb: C = T insulated.]
mgvavb: awi, wc÷‡bi Dc‡ii w`‡Ki †eM = v
dQ 
 = [2 Marks] 3
ndT T GLb, U = (1) CvT = 2 RT
nCvdT + Pdv 
 = W = PV = PAx [2 Marks]
ndT T
Mg
nRT dv  †hLv‡b, P = P0 + A
 Cv + =
V ndT T Avevi, PV = (1) RT
= Practice Content 7
5
P = aªæeK Ges PV = PAx [2 Marks]
2
Q = qt
5 θ A(T0, V0)
 qt = PAx
2
5 Mg x 5
 q = P0 + A = (P A + Mg) v
2 A t 2 0
2 q
v= [6 Marks]
5 P0A + Mg mgvavb: iæ×Zvcxq cÖwµqvq, TV – 1 = aªæeK
dV
V – 1 (1) + (T) ( – 1) V – 2 =0
22. wP‡Îi 1-4-3-2-1 PvwµK cÖwµqvi Rb¨ Av`k© M¨vm Øviv K…ZKv‡Ri dT
gvb wbY©q K‡iv| a‡iv, P1 = 105 Pa, P0 = 3  105 Pa, [T Gi mv‡c‡ÿ AšÍixKiY K‡i]
dV V
P2 = 4  105 Pa, V2 – V1 = 100 L Ges 4-3 Ges 2-1, V A‡ÿi  =– [2 Marks]
dT T ( – 1)
mgvšÍivj| Avevi, MÖvd †_‡K Xvj,

[Calculate the work done by an ideal gas during a cyclic dV
process 1-4-3-2-1 shown in Figure. Take P1 = 105 Pa,  dT T0V0 = tan (π – θ) = – tanθ [4 Marks]
P0 = 3  105 Pa, P2 = 4  105 Pa, V2 – V1 = 100 L and V0
segments 4-3 and 2-1 of the cycle to be parallel to the  = tanθ
T0( – 1)
V-axis.] V0
P –1=
T0 tanθ
3 4 R (V0 + T0 tanθ)
P2  CP = = T tanθ
 – 1 (T0 tanθ) V0 0
 CP = 1 + 
P0 0 T0
 V0 tanθ R
R RT0 tanθ
Ges CV = = [4 Marks]
1 –1 V0
P1 2
V 5
V1 V2 24. 2 mole M¨v‡mi GKwU AvqZb 20 L, ZvcgvÎv 27C Ges  = |
3
(†ÿÎ 0-2-1)
1 (†ÿÎ 0-4-3)
mgvavb: W = Nwoi KuvUvi w`‡K – Nwoi KuvUvi wecixZ w`‡K M¨vmwU cÖ_‡g mgPvcxq cÖwµqvq AvqZb wظY Kiv n‡jv| Gici M¨vmwU‡K
1 1 iƒ×Zvcxq cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g Avevi Avw` ZvcgvÎvq wb‡q Avmv n‡jv|
W = (V2 – V1) (P0 – P1) – (V4 – V3) (P2 – P0) [2 Marks]
2 2 (a) m¤ú~Y© cÖwµqv‡K P-V MÖv‡di gva¨‡g †`LvI|
cÖwZmgZvi Kvi‡Y, (b) M¨v‡mi †kl AvqZb I Pvc KZ?
V 4 – V3 P 2 – P 0 (c) M¨vm KZ…©K K…ZKv‡Ri gvb wbY©q K‡iv|
=
V 2 – V1P0 – P1
[Two moles of a gas  =
5
are initially at temperature 27C
 V4 – V3 = 
P2 – P0  3
P0 – P1 (V2 – V1) and occupy a volume of 20 litres. The gas is first expanded
105 
 V4 – V3 = 
at constant pressure until the volume is doubled. Then it is
(100  10–3) m3
2  105 subjected to an adiabatic change until the temperature
 V4 – V3 = 50  10–3 m3 [4 Marks] returns to its initial value.
1 –3 5 –1 –3
(a) Sketch the process on a P – V diagram.
W = (100  10 ) (`2  10 ) (50  10  10 )
5
(b) What are final volume and pressure of the gas?
2 2
 W = 104 – 25  102 = 7500 J [4 Marks] (c) What is the work done by the gas?]
mgvavb: (a)
23. GKwU M¨vm iƒ×Zvcxq cÖwµqvi ga¨ w`‡q hv‡”Q| GKwU wbw`©ó gynyZ© P(105 Nm–2)
A-†Z M¨v‡mi AvqZb I ZvcgvÎv h_vµ‡g V0 I T0| wb‡Pi MÖvd †_‡K
CP I CV Gi gvb wbY©q K‡iv| (P0V0) (P1V1)
2.5
[A gas is undergoing an adiabatic process at a certain stage A B
A, the values of volume and temperature are V0, T0. From
the details given in the graph, find the value of C P and CV.] (P2V2)
0.44

V(L)
20 40 113.1 [3 Marks]
nRT0 2  8.31  300
(b) P0 = =
V0 20  10–3
 st
8  Chemistry 1 Paper Chapter-2
 P0 = 2.5  105 Nm–2 KZ Ask Nbxf~Z n‡e? (12C I 22 C ZvcgvÎvq m¤ú„³ Rjxqev‡®úi
 P1 = P0 = 2.5  105 Nm–2 Pvc h_vµ‡g 10.5  10–3 m Hg Ges 19.8  10–3 m)
Avevi, V1 = 40  10–3 m3
[Atmospheric temperature and relative humidity on a day
AB: V  T are 22C and 60% respectively. If the temperature drops to
 T1 = 2T0 = 600 K 12C then find the portion of water vapor that gets
–1 –1
BC: T1V1 = T2V2 , we get condensed. Saturated vapor pressure at 12C and 22C are
V2 = 2 2V1 = 113.1  10–3 m3 10.5  10–3 m Hg and 19.8  10–3 m Hg respectively]
nRT (2) (8.31) (300) mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb,
Ges P2 = V 2 = [4 Marks]
2 113.1  10–3 evqyi eZ©gvb ZvcgvÎvq Av`ª©Zv,
P2 = 0.44  10 Nm–2
5
22 C ZvcgvÎvq evqy‡Z Dcw¯’Z Rjxq ev‡®úi Pvc
(c) Wtotal = W1 + W2 R=  100%
22 C G evqy‡Z Dcw¯’Z m¤ú„³ Rjxq ev®ú Pvc
nR
Wtotal = P0(V1 – V0) + (T – T2) 22 C ZvcgvÎvq evqy‡Z Dcw¯’Z Rjxq ev‡®úi Pvc
–1 1 60% =  100%
19.8  10–3
Wtotal = – 2479 J [3 Marks]
22 C ZvcgvÎvq evqy‡Z Dcw¯’Z Rjxq ev‡®úi Pvc,
25. †Kv‡bv Av`k© GK-cvigvYweK M¨v‡mi 2 mole-†K Ggb GKwU = 19.8  10–3  0.60 m HgP
1 = 11.88  10–3 m HgP [4 Marks]
cÖwµqvi g‡a¨ w`‡q †bqv n‡”Q †hb P = T , †hLv‡b  GKwU aªæeK| hw`
2
Avgiv Rvwb,
25 evqy‡Z Dcw¯’Z Rjxq ev‡®úi Pvc Rjxq ev‡®úi f‡ii mgvbycvwZK|
R= Jmol–1K–1 nq ZLbÑ  evqyi Rjxq ev‡®úi fi = 11.88  10–3  K [2 Marks]
3
(a) 60 K ZvcgvÎv e„w× Kivi Rb¨ M¨vm Øviv K…ZKv‡Ri gvb wbY©q Ki| GKBfv‡e 12 C ZvcgvÎvq evqy‡Z Dcw¯’Z Rjxq ev‡®úi fi,
(b) M¨vmwUi †gvjvi Zvc aviY ÿgZv wbY©q K‡iv| = 10.5  10–3  K
 Nbxf~Z Rjxq ev‡®úi fi = (11.88 – 10.5)  10–3 K
[Two moles of an ideal monotomic gas undergoes the = 1.38  10–3 K
1
25 1.38  10–3 K
process P = T2, where  is constant. If R = Jmol–1K–1,  Nbxf~Z Rjxh ev‡®úi Ask =
3 11.88  10–3 K
then calculate = 0.116 Ask
(a) The work done by the gas if its temperature increases 11.6% [4 Marks]
by 60 K.
(b) The molar specific heat of the gas.] 27. GKwU wd«‡Ri †gvU‡ii ÿgZv 200 W| hw` VvÐv cÖ‡Kv‡ôi ZvcgvÎv
mgvavb:
270 K Ges evwn‡ii ZvcgvÎv 300 K nq Zvn‡j 100 min G VvÐv
–1
(a) †`Iqv Av‡Q, PT 2 = aªæeK .......... (i) cÖ‡Kvô †_‡K m‡e©v”P Kx cwigvY Zvc cvIqv hv‡e?
cwjUªwdK cÖwµqvi Rb¨, [Power of a fridge's motor is 200 W. If the cold champer has
x
1–x
a temperature of 270 K and the temperature of the
PT = aªæeK ......... (ii) surrounding is 300 K, then what is the maximum heat we
(i) I (ii) †_‡K can get from the cold champer after 100 min?]
x 1 mgvavb: †iwd«Rv‡iUi KZ…©K K…ZKvR,
=–
1–x 2 W = Pt
 – 2x = 1 – x = (200 × 100 × 60) J
x=–1 [2 Marks] = 1.2 × 106 J [3 Marks]
cwjUªwdK cÖwµqvi Kv‡Ri Rb¨, Q Q T
Kvh©K…Z mnM, K = W1 = Q –1Q = T –1T
nR 2 1 2 1
Wpoly = (T – T1), †hLv‡b x = – 1
1–x 2 Q1 270
 =
nR nR 1.2 × 106 300 – 270
 Wpoly = (T – T1) = T  Q1 = 1.08 × 107 J
1 – ( – 1) 2 2 [7 Marks]
(2)  
25
3 28. 10–4 M La(NO3)3 Gi 50 mL Rjxq `ªeY‡K 50 mL NH4/NH3
+

 Wpoly = (60) = 500 J [4 Marks]

2 evdv‡ii mv‡_ wgwkÖZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv g~jZ 0.2 M NH+4 Ges 0.4 M
R 3R
(b) C = CV + †hLv‡b, (CV)monatiomic = 2 NH3| mvg¨ve¯’vq La3+ Gi KZ kZvsk Aatwÿß n‡q‡Q? La(OH)3 Gi
1–x
3R R Ksp = 10–19 Ges NH3 Gi Kb = 2  10–5
C= + = 2R [4 Marks]
2 1 – ( – 1) [50 mL of a 10–4 M aqueous solution of La(NO3)3 is mixed
+
with 50 mL of an NH 4/NH3 buffer that is originally 0.2 M in
26. †Kvb GKw`b evqyi ZvcgvÎv 22 C Ges Av‡cwÿK Av`ª©Zv 60%| NH4 and 0.4 M in NH3. What percentage of La3+ has been
+

–19
hw` H ¯’v‡bi ZvcgvÎv n«vm †c‡q 12 C nq Z‡e evqyw¯’Z Rjxq ev‡®úi precipitated at equilibrium? Ksp of La(OH)3 = 10 and Kb
–5
= 2  10 ]
= Practice Content 9
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, 4.74 Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq 0.2 M NaOH Gi AwZwi³ AvqZb MYbv
[jeY] Ki| A¨vwmwUK Gwm‡Wi AvqbxKiY aªæeK 1.8  10–5.
pOH = pKb + log
[ÿvi] [20 ml of 0.2 M sodium hydroxide is added to 50 ml of
–5 0.2 0.2 M acetic acid to give 70 ml of the solution. What is
ev, pOH = – log10(2  10 ) + log 0.4
the pH of this solution? Calculate the additional volume
ev, pOH = 4.4 of 0.2 M NaOH required to make the pH of the solution
 [OH–] = 4  10–5 M [4 Marks] 4.74. The ionization constant of aceitc acid is 1.8  10–5.]
La3+ †hvM Kivi ci, †gvU AvqZb = 100 mL [jeY]
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, pH = – log ka + log [ÿvi]
50  4  10–5
ZLb [OH–] Gi NbgvÎv = 100 †`Iqv Av‡Q,
 bZzb [OH ] Gi NbgvÎv = 2  10–5 M
–
0.2M, 20 mL NaOH Ges 0.2M, 50 ml CH3COOH
GLb, Ksp = 10–19 = [La3+]  [OH–]3 Ka = 1.8  10–5
 [La3+] = 1.25  10–5 [3 Marks] ivmvqwbK wewµqv n‡Z,
 `ªe‡Y La3+ Gi †gvj = 1.25  10–3 CH3COOH + NaOH  CH3COONa + H2O
Aatwÿß La3+ Gi †gvj = 50  10–4 – 1.25  10–3 50 mL 20 mL 20 mL
= 3.75  10–3 GUv ¯úó †h 70 mL Drcv‡` 30 mL, 0.2 M CH3COOH
 %La Aatwÿß nq = 75%
3+
[3 Marks] [Ae¨eüZ CH3COOH = 50 – 20 = 30 mL] Ges 20 mL
CH3COONa _vK‡e|
29. †cÖvwcbwqK Gwm‡Wi 0.020 †gvj aviYKvix GK wjUvi Rjxq `ªe‡Y  `ªe‡Y CH3COOH Gi †gvj msL¨v n‡jv,
KZ †gvj †mvwWqvg †cÖvwcb‡qU †hvM Kiv DwPZ hv‡Z pH 4.75 Gi evdvi 0.2
=  30 = 0.006 mole
`ªeY cvIqv hvq? Dc‡ii evdvi `ªe‡Y 0.010 †gvj nvB‡Wªv‡Rb †K¬vivBW 1000
`ªexf‚Z n‡j pH KZ n‡e? 0.010 †gvjvi HCl `ªe‡Yi pH Gi mv‡_ †kl Abyiƒcfv‡e, CH3COONa Gi †gvj msL¨v n‡jv,
0.2
pH gv‡bi Zzjbv Ki| 25C ZvcgvÎvq †cÖvwcbwqK Gwm‡Wi we‡qvRb =  20 = 0.004 mole
1000
aªæeK, Ka = 1.34  105 0.004
 pH = – log 1.8  10–5 + log
[How many moles of sodium propenoate should be added to 0.006
one litre of an aqueous solution containing 0.020 mole of = 4.7447 – 0.1761 = 4.5685 [4 Marks]
propenoic acid to obtain a buffer solution of pH 4.75? What Avevi, pH 4.74 evbv‡Z 0.2 M NaOH Gi †h AvqZb cÖ‡qvRb Zv
will be pH if 0.010 mole of hydrogen chloride is dissolved in n‡jv,
the above buffer solution. Compare the last pH value with [jeY]
the pH of 0.010 molar HCl solution. Dissociation constant of pH = – log ka + log
[A¤ø]
propenoic acid, Ka = 1.34  105.] [jeY]
mgvavb: awi, †mvwWqvg †cÖvwcb‡q‡Ui †gvj msL¨v = x  4.74 = – log(1.8  10–5) + log
[A¤ø]
[jeY]
Zvn‡j, pH = pka + log [ÿvi] [jeY]
 4.74 = 4.7447 + log
[A¤ø]
x
4.75 = – log (1.34  10–5) + log [jeY]
0.02  log = 0.0047
x [A¤ø]
ev, 4.75 = 5 – 0.1271 + log 0.02 [jeY] 1
 = [3 Marks]
x [A¤ø] 1.011
ev, 4.75 = 4.8729 + log 0.02 = – 0.1229
pH gvb 4.74 evbv‡Z NaOH wgkv‡j x mL, 0.2 CH3COOH
x wbi‡cÿ n‡e| G‡Z Drcbœ `ªeY Z_v (70 + x) mL `ªe‡Y _vK‡eÑ
ev, 0.02 = Antilog[– 0.1229]
(i) (80 – x)mL, 0.2 M A¨vwmwUK GwmW
x (ii) (20 + x) mL, 0.2 M †mvwWqvg A¨vwm‡UU
ev, 0.02 = 0.7536
(70 + x)mL `ªe‡Y A¨vwmwUK A¨vwm‡Wi †gvj msL¨v,
 x = 0.7536  0.02 = 1.5072  10–2 mol [7 Marks] 0.2
HCl  H+ + Cl
–
=  (30 – x) = 2  10–14 (30 – x)
1000
0.01 mole 0.01 mole (70 + x)mL `ªe‡Y CH3COONa Gi †gvjmsL¨v n‡jv,
hLb 0.01 †gvj HCl hy³ Kiv nq, ZLb (0.01 + 0.02)M 0.2
†cÖvwcbwqK GwmW Ges (0.015 – 0.010)M †cÖvwc‡UU _v‡K| myZivs, =  (20 + x) = 2  10–4(20 + x)
1000
0.005 [jeY] 2  10–4(20 + x) 20 + x
pH = – log(1.34  10–5) + log = 4.09 myZivs, [A¤ø] = =
0.03
2  10–4(30 – x) 30 – x
 0.010 †gvjvi HCl `ªe‡Yi pH = – log10–2 = 2 [3 Marks]
[jeY] 20 + x
A_©vr, [A¤ø] = 30 – x
30. 20 ml 0.02 M †mvwWqvg nvB‡Wªv·vBW, 50 ml 0.2 M A¨vwmwUK
1 20 + x
Gwm‡Wi mv‡_ wgwk‡q 70 ml `ªeY †`q| GB `ªe‡Yi pH KZ? `ªe‡Yi pH ev, 1.011 = 30 – x
 st
10  Chemistry 1 Paper Chapter-2
ev, 20.22 + 1.011x = 30 – x and 9.14 after adding 5.0 mL and 20.0 mL of the acid
ev, 1.001x + x = 30 – 20.22 respectively. Find out the dissociation constant of the base.]
ev, 2.011x = 9.78 mgvavb:
ev, x = 4.84 BOH + HCl  BCl + H2O
myZivs, pH = 4.76 evbv‡Z 0.2 M NaOH Gi 4.84 mL AwZwi³ wewµqvi
x 0.1  5 = 0.5 0 0
cÖ‡qvRb| [3 Marks] c~‡e© †gvj:
wewµqvi
(x – 0.5) 0 0.5 0.5
c‡i †gvj
 †gvjvi x – 0.5 0.5 0.5
0
31. nvB‡Wªv‡K¬vwiK Gwm‡Wi 0.20 †gvj GK wjUvi `ªe‡Y †hvM Ki‡j NbgvÎv v v v
`ªe‡Yi pH KZ n‡e †hB `ªe‡Y wb¤œwjwLZ i‡q‡Q: †h‡nZz wgkÖYwU GKwU ÿvixq evdvi ZvB n¨vÛvimb †n‡mjevL
(i) A¨vwmwUK GwmW Ges A¨vwm‡UU Avq‡bi cÖ‡Z¨KwU 1 M?
mgxKiY e¨envi Kiv hvq|
[jeY]
(ii) A¨vwmwUK GwmW Ges A¨vwm‡UU Avq‡bi cÖ‡Z¨KwU 0.1 M? pOH = – log Kb + log
[A¤ø]
†gvU AvqZb GK wjUvi a‡i wbb|
0.5
A¨vwmwUK Gwm‡Wi Rb¨ Ka = 1.8  10–5|  14 – 10.04 = – logkb + log ..... (i) [3 Marks]
x – 0.5
[What is the pH of the solution when 0.20 mole of
hydrochloric acid is added to one litre of a solution
Case II BOH + HCl  BCl + H2O
containing– ïiæ‡Z †gvj: x 0.1  20 = 2 0 0
(i) 1 M each of acetic acid and acetate ion? 20 mL,
(ii) 0.1 M each of acetic acid and acetate ion? 0.1N HCl
Assume the total volume is one litre. †hv‡Mi ci (x – 2) 0 2 2

Ka for acetic acid = 1.8  10–5.] †gvj

mgvavb:  †gvjvi x – 2 2 2
– – – 0
(i) CH3COO  CH3COOH + Cl NbgvÎv v1 v1 v1
wewµqvi c~‡e©: 1 0 0 Avev‡iv, wgkÖYwU GKwU ÿvixq evdvi|
wewµqvi c‡i: 0.25 0.75 0.75 [jeY]
 pOH = – log Kb + log
 0.2 mole HCl †gkv‡bvi ci A¨vwm‡UU Avq‡bi NbgvÎv [A¤ø]
[CH3COO–] = 1.0 – 0.2 = 0.8 mole 2
GKBfv‡e, A¨vwmwUK Gwm‡Wi NbgvÎv, 14 – 9.14 = – log Kb + log ......(ii) [3 Marks]
(x – 2)
[CH3COOH] = 1.0 + 0.2 = 1.2 mole (i) I (ii) †_‡K
[jeY]  x = 3.52 [4 Marks]
GLb, pH = – log Ka + log [A¤ø]
x Gi gvb (i) G emvBÑ
0.8 Ka = 1.8  10–5
ev, pH = – log(1.8  10–5) + log 1.2
Kb = 1.8  10–5
 pH = 4.5686 [4 Marks]
(ii) wgwkÖZ HCl Gi cwigvY = 0.2 mole 33. 1.0 N g‡bv‡cÖvwUK `ye©j Gwm‡Wi Rjxq `ªe‡Y OH– Gi NbgvÎv
GB 0.2 mole [H+] †_‡K 0.1 †gvj hy³ n‡e CH3COO– Gi 0.1 2.35  10–12 M| H `ªe‡Y Gwm‡Wi kZKiv we‡qvRb, Kb Ges pKa
†gv‡ji mv‡_ hv‡Z †gvU CH3COOH Gi †gvj msL¨v nq 0.2| wbY©q Ki|
CH3COO– + HCl  CH3COOH + Cl– [In a 1.0 N solution of a monoprotic weak base the
wewµqvi ïiæ‡Z: 0.1 0.2 0.1 0 concentration of OH– ion is 2.353  10–12 M. Calculate the
wewµqvi †k‡l: 0 0.1 0.2 0.1 percent dissociation, Kb and pKa of the acid]
 A¨vwm‡UU Gwm‡Wi †gvU NbgvÎv n‡jv: mgvavb: HA(aq) ⇌ H+(aq) + A–(aq)
[CH3COOH] = 0.1 + 0.1 = 0.2 mol mvg¨ve¯’v: 1 –   
[H+] Gi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z CH3COOH AvqwbZ n‡e bv| Avevi, [H+] [OH–] = Kw
myZivs `ªe‡Yi pH n‡e HCl Gi H+ Gi Rb¨, A_©vr 1  10–14
0.2 – 0.1 = 0.1 mole HCl  [H+] = = 4.25  10–3 M
2.353  10–12
 pH = – log[H+] = – log[0.1] = 1 [6 Marks] we‡qvRb †gvjmsL¨v
 Gwm‡Wi kZKiv we‡qvRb =
†gvU †gvjmsL¨v  100%
32. `ye©j ÿvi, BOH Gi 40.0 mL `ªeY‡K 0.1 N HCl `ªeY w`‡q
4.25  10–3
bvB‡UªU Kiv nq| h_vµ‡g 5.0 mL Ges 20.0 mL A¨vwmW †hvM Kivi =  100%
1.0
ci `ªe‡Yi pH h_vµ‡g 10.04 Ges 9.14 cvIqv hvq| ÿviwUi we‡qvRb = 0.425% [4 Marks]
aªæeK wbY©q Ki| 0.425
G‡ÿ‡Î we‡qvRb gvÎv,  = 100 = 0.00425
[A 40.0 mL solution of weak base, BOH is titrated with 0.1
[H+] [A–] 2 (0.00425)2
N HCl solution. The pH of the solution is found to be 10.04  Ka = [HA] = = = 1.814  10–5
1 –  1 – 0.00425
= Practice Content 11
 pKa = – log (1.814  10–5) = 4.74 [4 Marks] (3C)3 C 274C3
= = [4 Marks]
Avevi, KaKb = Kw (1 – )C 1–
1  10–14 hw`  << 1 nq, Z‡e Ka = 274C3
 Kb = = 5.513  10–10 [2 Marks]
1.814  10–5 4 4 10–1.8
Ka
= 3= = 0.184 [2 Marks]
27c 27  0.83
34. 30C ZvcgvÎvq WvBwg_vBj A¨vwg‡bi 5.3 g/L Rjxq `ªe‡Yi pH
 pH = – log[H+] = – log(3C)
Gi gvb 8.65 n‡j H `ªe‡Y †hŠ‡Mi pKa Gi gvb KZ? 30C ZvcgvÎvq = – log(3  0.184  0.8) = 0.355 [4 Marks]
Kw = 1.469  10–14
[At 30C temperature the pH of a 5.3 g/L dimethyl amine 37. 570 cm3 `ªe‡Y 2.3 g HCOOH Ges 12 g CH3COOH Av‡Q|
solution is 8.65. What would be the pKa of the compound? mgAvqb cÖfve D‡cÿvc~e©K `ªe‡Yi pOH wbY©q Ki|
At 30C Kw = 1.469  10–14]
[Calculate the pOH of a 570 cm3 solution that contains 2.3 g
mgvavb: (CH3)2NH + H2O ⇌ (CH3)2NH 2 + OH–
+
HCOOH and 12 g CH3COOH. For this you can ignore the
5.3 common ion effect and calculate POH.]
`ªe‡Yi NbgvÎv = 45 g/L = 0.1178 M
[KHCOOH = 1.8  10–4 and KCH3COOH = 1.8  10–5]
†`Iqv Av‡Q, pH = 8.65 2.3 0.05
 pOH = 14 – 8.65
mgvavb: nHCOOH = 46 = 0.05 mol, CHCOOH = 0.57 = 0.088 M
 [OH–] = 10–5.35 = 4.46  10–6 12 0.02
+ nCH3COOH = = 0.2 mol, CCH3COOH = = 0.351 M
[(CH3)2NH2] [OH–] (4.467  10–6)2 60 0.57
+
Kb =
[(CH3)2NH]
=
0.1178 pH = – log[AvqwbZ c`v‡_©i H AvqZ‡bi NbgvÎvi mgwó]
–10
= 1.694  10 [4 Marks] = – log[ KHCOOH  CHCOOH + KCH3COOH  CCH3COOH]
GLb, KaKb = Kw
= – log( 1.8  10–4  0.088 + 1.8  10–5  0.351)
Kw 1.469  10–14
 Ka = = = 2.188 [10 Marks]
Kb 1.694  10–10
= 8.672  10–5 [3 Marks] 38. (a) 0.5% (w/w) HCl `ªe‡Yi pH KZ? (`ªe‡Yi NbZ¡ = 2.08
 pKa = – log (8.672  10–5) = 4.06 [3 Marks]
gcm–3)
(b) 0.5% (w/v) H3PO4 GwmW `ªe‡Yi pOH wbY©q Ki| †hLv‡b,
35. 250 mL 0.05 M H2S `ªe‡Y cvwb †hvM K‡i NbgvÎv KZ Ki‡j
ZvcgvÎv 100C.
H2S Gi we‡qvRb 5 ¸Y e„w× cv‡e? [H2S Gi Ka 9.1  10–8]
[(a) What will be the pH of 0.5% (w/w) HCl solution?
[To increase the dissociation of H2S by 5 times what does the (Concentration of the solution is 2.08 gcm–3)
value of the concentration need to be by adding water to 250 (b) Calculate the pOH of 0.5% (w/v) H 3PO4 solution. Here
mL 0.05 M H2S solution? Ka = 9.1  10–8] the temperature is 100C.]
mgvavb: H2S(aq) ⇌ 2H+(aq) + S2–(aq) mgvavb:
(1 – )c 2c c (a) 0.5% (w/w) HCl `ªeY ej‡Z †evSvq,
(2c)2 c 43c2 100 g `ªe‡Y HCl Av‡Q 0.5 g
Ka = = [3 Marks]
(1 – )c 1 –  100
 100 g `ªe‡Yi AvqZb = cm3
awi cwiewZ©Z NbgvÎv c Ges we‡qvRb gvÎv 2 2.08
  =  + 5 = 6 [3 Marks] w  1000 0.5  1000
C= = M = 0.285 M
c = 0.05 M Mv 100
3 2 3 2 36.5 
4 c 4 c 2.08
Ka = 9.1  10–8 = = –
1 –  1 –  HCl  H + Cl
+

 0.01 3 + (9.1  10–8) – (9.1  10–8) = 0  pH = – log[H+] = – log(0.285) = 0.545 [5 Marks]

  = 0.021 10  0.5
(b) 0.5% (w/v) H3PO4 Gi †gvjwiwU = M
  = 6  0.021 98
H3PO4  3H+ + PO4
3–
Ka(1 – )
 c = 3 = 3.1528  10–3 M. [4 Marks] 10  0.5
4
 [H+] = 3  M
98
 pH = – log[H ] = 0.815
+

36. 0.8 M H3PO4 †i Rjxq `ªe‡Yi pH KZ? [pKa = 1.8] GLb, 100C ZvcgvÎvi kw = 7.5  10–14
[Calculate the pH of 0.8 M solution of H 3PO4. [pKa = 1.8]]  pH + pOH = pkw
mgvavb: H3PO4 3H ++
PO4
3–  pOH = – log(7.5  10–14) – 0.815 = 12.31 [5 Marks]
ïiæ‡Z: C 0 0
mvg¨ve¯’vq: (1 – )C 3C C
3–
[H+]3 [PO4 ] pKa = 1.8
 Ka =  Ka = 10–1.8
[H3PO4]
 st
12  Chemistry 1 Paper Chapter-2
39. (a) MvVwbK ms‡KZ wjL: BHA, BHT, TBHQ, †WUj, †gb_j, CH3 CH2 – CH – CH – CH – CH – CH2
U¨vjKg, m¨vKvwib, miweUj| | | | | | |
OH OH OH OH OH OH
(b) gë-wf‡bMvi cÖ¯‘wZ‡Z wewµqvi k~b¨¯’vb¸‡jv c~iY Ki|
OH
(i) C12H22O11 + C6H12O6 + H3C – CH – CH3
(ii) C6H12O6 2 + 2CO2 †WUj:
OH
(iii) + O2 CH3COOH +
[(a) Write the formula: BHA, BHT, TBHQ, Detol, Menthol,
H3 C CH3 [6 Marks]
Talcum, Saccharine, Sorbitol.
(b) Complete the gap while processing molt vinegar. Cl

(i) C12H22O11 + C6H12O6 + Bbfv‡U©m

(b) (i) C12H22O11 + H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6
(ii) C6H12O6 37C
2 + 2CO2
RvB‡gm
(iii) ] (ii) C6H12O6 2 CH3 – CH2 – OH + 2CO2
+ O2 CH3COOH + 20 – 24C
mgvavb: A¨vwm‡Uv
(a) (iii) CH3CH2OH + O2 CH3COOH + H2O
BHA: BHT: e¨vKUi
O – CH3 OH [4 Marks]
C C(CH3)3 (H3C)3C C C(CH3)3 40. wf‡bMvi e¨env‡i Lv`¨ `ªe¨ c‡P bv †Kb?
HC C C C [Why doesn't food get rotten when vinegar is used?]
HC CH HC CH mgvavb: wf‡bMv‡ii g‡a¨ 6 – 10% B_vbwqK GwmW _vKvq gva¨‡gi cÖK…wZ
A¤øxq nq| gva¨‡gi pH gvb 4 Gi wb‡P †b‡g Av‡m| wf‡bMv‡i 5%
C C
B_vbwqK GwmW _vK‡j pH Gi gvb nq 2.4| gva¨‡gi G pH gvb
OH CH3 e¨vK‡Uwiqvi e„wׇK cÖwZnZ K‡i Ges Lv`¨ `ªe¨‡K cP‡bi nvZ †_‡K
TBHQ: m¨vKvwib: iÿv K‡i| GQvov wf‡bMvi wcKwjs cÖwµqvq Lv`¨ `ª‡e¨i Pviw`‡K GK
OH O cÖKvi cvZjv ¯Íi m„wó K‡i hv †f` K‡i e¨vK‡Uwiqv Lv‡`¨ cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z
C
cv‡i bv| ˆRe Lv‡`¨i Av`ª© we‡køl‡Y GbRvBg cÖfve‡Ki f~wgKv cvjb
C(CH3)3 NH K‡i| GbRvBg †cÖvwUb AYy| GbRvB‡g Dcw¯’Z A¨vwg‡bv g~jK (– NH2)
HC C
S Gi mv‡_ wf‡bMv‡ii †cÖvUb (H+) mn‡RB hy³ nq| d‡j GbRvBg
HC CH O O Lv‡`¨i Dcv`v‡bi mv‡_ hy³ n‡q AšÍe©Zx© †hŠM MVb Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvB
C U¨vjKg: Lv`¨`ªe¨ cPb n‡Z iÿv cvq| [10 Marks]
[H2Mg3(SiO3)4]
OH
†gb_j: miweUj:

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