Name of Department: Computer Science & Engineering

Course Handout

Course Code UGCSE3014

Course Title Artificial Intelligence
LTPC Structure 3L+0T+2P+4C
Course Type B.Tech.
Name of Faculty Member Dr. Himanshu Sharma
Designation Professor
Contact Number 8114407655
Email [email protected]
This course introduces the fundamentals of Artificial
Intelligence, covering its history, foundational concepts, and
intelligent agent design. Students will explore various problem-
solving techniques using search strategies and game-playing
algorithms. The course emphasizes knowledge representation
through logic, semantic networks, and rules, along with
Course Description reasoning under uncertainty using probabilistic models. It also
introduces logical inference methods and core machine learning
techniques such as decision trees, inductive learning, and
reinforcement learning. The course concludes with expert
systems, knowledge acquisition methods, and the societal
impact of AI, providing a balanced foundation of theory and
practical understanding of intelligent systems.
 This course introduces the foundational concepts of Artificial
Intelligence, including intelligent agents, search strategies,
knowledge representation, reasoning under uncertainty, logic
and inference, machine learning, and expert systems. It
balances theoretical understanding with practical approaches to
Course scope and designing intelligent systems.
Objective The course aims to help students understand the evolution and
fundamentals of AI, analyze intelligent agent behavior, apply
search and game-playing techniques, represent knowledge
using logic and rules, perform reasoning under uncertainty, and
explore basic machine learning and expert system concepts,
with attention to their real-world applications and impacts.

Program Name: B. Tech. Computer Science and Engineering

Program Outcomes (PO):

After successful completion of the program, the graduate will be able to:

PO1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering

fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.

PO2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics,
natural sciences, and engineering sciences.

PO3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems

and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate
consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental
considerations.

PO4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and

research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and
synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions.

PO5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and
modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering
activities with an understanding of the limitations.

PO6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to
assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities
relevant to the professional engineering practice.
PO7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering
solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need
for sustainable development.

PO8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and
norms of the engineering practice.

PO9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or
leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.

PO10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the

engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write
effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive
clear instructions.

PO11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and
leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.

PO12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to
engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.

Program Specific Outcome (PSO)

PSO1: Computing System Design and Analysis: Ability to apply knowledge of computer
organization, operating systems, networking, and databases to design, analyze, and implement
efficient and secure computing systems.
PSO2: Software Development and Application: Ability to understand, analyze, design, develop,
test, and maintain software systems and applications using appropriate programming languages,
data structures, algorithms, and software engineering principles.
PSO3: Future Endeavors: Recognize the need to have knowledge of emerging technologies
and to apply modern computing tools, techniques, and platforms to identify, formulate, and solve
complex computational problems and contribute to research and development.

SYLLABUS
Name of Program: B.Tech.
Semester: V
 Course Code: UGCSE3014
Course Name: Artificial Intelligence

3L+0T+ 2P + 4C
MM: 100
Course Outcomes (CO):

At the end of the course, student shall be able to:

CO1: Understand the fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence, including its history, problem
types, intelligent agents, rationality, and problem formulation.

CO2: Apply search techniques and adversarial strategies for problem solving and game playing.

CO3: Represent knowledge using logic, semantic networks, and manage reasoning under
uncertainty.

CO4: Perform inference using first-order logic and implement basic machine learning
techniques.

CO5: Explain the structure and working of expert systems and evaluate knowledge acquisition
methods.

Detailed Syllabus:
MODULE I: FOUNDATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND INTELLIGENT
AGENTS (7L)
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence, History and evolution of AI, AI problem types and
characteristics, Foundations of AI, Intelligent agents: Definition and structure, Agents and
environments, concept of rationality, Problem-solving agents: Goal formulation and problem
formulation.

MODULE II: PROBLEM SOLVING THROUGH SEARCH AND GAME PLAYING (9L)
Searching- Searching for solutions, uniformed search strategies – Breadth first search, depth first
Search. Search with partial information (Heuristic search) Hill climbing, A*, AO* Algorithms,
Problem reduction, Game Playing-Adversial search, Games, mini-max algorithm, optimal
decisions in multiplayer games, Problem in Game playing, Alpha-Beta pruning, Evaluation
functions.

MODULE III: Knowledge Representation and Reasoning under Uncertainty (8L)

Knowledge representation issues, predicate logic- logic programming, semantic nets- frames and
inheritance, constraint propagation, representing knowledge using rules, rules-based deduction
systems. Reasoning under uncertainty, review of probability, Baye’s probabilistic interferences
and dempster Shafer theory.

MODULE- IV - Logic, Inference and Machine Learning Techniques (9L)

First order logic. Inference in first order logic, propositional vs. first order inference, unification
& lifts forward chaining, Backward chaining, Resolution, learning from observation Inductive
learning, Decision trees, Explanation based learning, Statistical Learning methods,
Reinforcement Learning.

MODULE- V - Expert Systems and Knowledge Acquisition (12L)

Expert systems:- Introduction, basic concepts, structure of expert systems, the human element in
expert systems how expert systems works, problem areas addressed by expert systems, expert
systems success factors, types of expert systems, expert systems and the internet interacts web,
knowledge engineering, scope of knowledge, difficulties, in knowledge acquisition methods of
knowledge acquisition, machine learning, intelligent agents, selecting an appropriate knowledge
acquisition method, societal impacts reasoning in artificial intelligence, inference with rules,
with frames: model based reasoning, case based reasoning, explanation & meta knowledge
inference with uncertainty representing uncertainty.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Arvind Narayanan and Sayash Kapoor, “AI Snake Oil: What Artificial Intelligence Can
Do, What It Can’t, and How to Tell the Difference”, First Edition (2024), Princeton
University Press.

2. Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig, “Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach”, Fourth
Edition (2020), Pearson.
3. Ethem Alpaydin, “Introduction to Machine Learning”, Fourth Edition (2020), MIT Press.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Ray Kurzweil, “The Singularity Is Nearer: When We Merge with AI”, First Edition
(2024), Penguin Books.
2. Ethem Alpaydin, “Introduction to Machine Learning”, Fourth Edition (2021), MIT Press.
3. Deepak Khemani, “A First Course in Artificial Intelligence”, First Edition (2020
Reprint), McGraw Hill.

Any other suggested Materials:

1. Nptel online course: An Introduction to Artificial Intelligence. By By Prof. Mausam, IIT
Delhi. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106102220
2. Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence. By Prof. Shyamanta M. Hazarika | IIT Guwahati.

List of Experiments

S. No. EXPERIMENT NAME UNITS

1 Implementing a simple text-based chatbot in Python using if-else Module 1

statements.
2 Prepare a ppt presentation on application of AI in healthcare, Module 1
transport, renewable energy, pollution control.
3. Write a program to implement Greedy Best-First Search for Graph Module 2
Traversal Using Heuristic Values.
4. Write a program to implement A* Search Algorithm for Optimal Module 2
Pathfinding Using Heuristic and Path Cost
5 Write a program to implement Tic-Tac-Toe using Minimax algorithm Module 2
and Alpha-Beta Pruning.
6 Write a program to apply Bayes' Theorem to compute the probability Module 3
of a hypothesis given observed evidence for disease detection.
7 Write a program to implement Predicate Logic using Python. Module 3
8 Write a program to represent and evaluate First Order Logic Module 4
(predicate logic) expressions.
9 Write a program to simulate forward chaining and backward Module 4
chaining in a propositional rule-based system.
10 Write a Python program that builds a decision tree classifier using Module 4
iris dataset.
11 Write a program to implement Rule-Based Expert System for Module 5
Medical Diagnosis
12 Write a python program to implement Knowledge Acquisition Module 5
and Rule Generation using Decision Trees

CO-PO Mapping

Scale
3 : Strong correlation 2: Moderate correlation
1: Slight correlation –: No correlation

CO
And PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PO1 PO1
PO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2
CO1 3 3 2 1 2 - - - - 1 - 2
CO2 3 3 2 2 3 - - - - - - 2
CO3 3 2 1 2 2 - - - - - - 2
CO4 3 2 1 3 3 - - - - - - 3
CO5 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 - 1 - 2
CO-PSO Mapping

CO and PSO PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO1 2 3 3
CO2 2 3 3
CO3 2 2 3
CO4 2 3 3
CO5 2 2 2

Lecture Plan

Additional topics
to be discussed
(topics beyond the
Lect Date of
Title of the Date of Pedago syllabus and may Refere
ure Implemen
Lecture Planning gy be four to five nce
No. tation
topics against
every 10 lecture
topics)

Module 0: Introduction

Introduction of
course, vision, PPT/
1 NA
mission, COs, C&T
POs

Module I: Foundations of Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Agents

Introduction to
Artificial Mode of
1 Intelligence, Date Instructi
History and on
evolution of AI.

AI problem
types and Mode of
2 characteristics, Date Instructi
Foundations of on
AI.
3 Mode of
Intelligent
 agents:
Instructi
Definition and
on
structure.

Agents and
environments, DD/
4 MM/
concept of
YYYY
rationality.

Problem-solving DD/
5 MM/
agents.
YYYY
Goal
DD/ PPT +
formulation and
6-7 MM/ Code
problem
YYYY Demo
formulation.
Module II: Problem Solving Through Search and Game Playing

Searching-
Searching for
solutions,
1 uniformed
search strategies,
Breadth first
search.
Depth first
Search, Search
with partial
2 information,
(Heuristic
search) Hill
climbing.
A* Algorithm,
3
AO* Algorithms
Problem
reduction, Game
4
Playing-
Adversial search
mini-max
5
algorithm.
Optimal
decisions in
6
multiplayer
games.
Problem in
7
Game playing.
Alpha-Beta
8
pruning.
Evaluation
9
functions.
 Module III: Knowledge Representation and Reasoning under Uncertainty

Knowledge
representation
1 issues, predicate
logic- logic
programming.
Semantic nets-
frames and
2 inheritance,
constraint
propagation.
Representing
3 knowledge using
rules.
Rules-based
4 deduction
systems.
Reasoning under
5
uncertainty.
Review of
6
probability
Baye’s
7 probabilistic
interferences
Dempster Shafer
8
theory.
Module IV: Logic, Inference and Machine Learning Techniques

First order logic. DD/ DD/

1 Inference in first MM/ MM/
order logic. YYYY YYYY
Propositional vs. DD/ DD/
2 first order MM/ MM/
inference. YYYY YYYY
DD/ DD/
Unification &
3 MM/ MM/
lifts.
YYYY YYYY
Forward
DD/ DD/
chaining,
4 MM/ MM/
Backward
YYYY YYYY
chaining,
Resolution,
learning from DD/ DD/
5 observation MM/ MM/
Inductive YYYY YYYY
learning.
DD/ DD/
6 Decision trees. MM/ MM/
YYYY YYYY
 DD/ DD/
Explanation
7 MM/ MM/
based learning.
YYYY YYYY
Statistical DD/ DD/
8 Learning MM/ MM/
methods. YYYY YYYY

Reinforcement DD/ DD/

9 Learning. MM/ MM/
YYYY YYYY

Module V: Expert Systems and Knowledge Acquisition

Expert systems:-
Introduction, DD/ DD/
1 basic concepts, MM/ MM/
structure of YYYY YYYY
expert systems.
The human
element in DD/ DD/
2 expert systems MM/ MM/
how expert YYYY YYYY
systems works.
Problem areas
addressed by DD/ DD/
3 expert systems, MM/ MM/
expert systems YYYY YYYY
success factors,
Types of expert
systems, expert DD/ DD/
4 systems and the MM/ MM/
internet interacts YYYY YYYY
web.
Knowledge
DD/ DD/
engineering,
5 MM/ MM/
scope of
YYYY YYYY
knowledge.
Difficulties, in
knowledge
acquisition
6
methods of
knowledge
acquisition,
Machine
DD/ DD/
learning,
7 MM/ MM/
intelligent
YYYY YYYY
agents,
8 Selecting an DD/ DD/
appropriate MM/ MM/
 knowledge
acquisition YYYY YYYY
method
Societal impacts
reasoning in
9
artificial
intelligence.
Inference with
DD/ DD/
rules, with
10 MM/ MM/
frames: model
YYYY YYYY
based reasoning.
DD/ DD/
Case based
11 MM/ MM/
reasoning.
YYYY YYYY
Explanation &
meta knowledge
inference with
12
uncertainty
representing
uncertainty.

Course Assessment Plan: CAP

Assignment Mid Term End Term

COs Description of COs BTL
Weightage Weightage Weightage
Understand the foundations of
AI and intelligent agents,
CO1 including agent structures, L2 & L3 05 10 10
environments, rationality, and
problem formulation.
Apply search techniques and
adversarial strategies for
CO2 L3 05 05 10
problem solving and game
playing.
Represent knowledge using
logic, semantic networks, and
CO3 L3 & L4 05 05 10
manage reasoning under
uncertainty.
Perform inference using first-
order logic and implement
CO4 L3 05 10 10
basic machine learning
techniques.
Explain the structure and
working of expert systems and
CO5 L2 & L5 05 10 10
evaluate knowledge acquisition
methods.

Evaluation Scheme:

Maximum
Component Duration Date & Time Mode
Marks
 Signature

Dr. Himanshu Sharma, Professor

Department: Computer Science & Engineering