1.
ping
• Description: Tests network connectivity.
• Usage:
ping google.com
ping 8.8.8.8
2. ifconfig
• Description: Displays and configures network interfaces.
• Usage:
o ifconfig # Show active network interfaces
o ifconfig eth0 # Show details of a specific interface
o ifconfig eth0 up # Enable an interface
o ifconfig eth0 down # Disable an interface
• Installation (if missing):
o sudo apt install net-tools
3. iwconfig
• Description: Configures wireless network interfaces.
• Usage:
o iwconfig # Show wireless interfaces
o iwconfig wlan0 essid "MyWiFi" key s:password
• Installation:
o sudo apt install wireless-tools
4. ethtool
• Description: Displays and configures Ethernet settings.
• Usage:
o ethtool eth0 # Show interface details
o ethtool -s eth0 speed 100 duplex full autoneg off
• Installation:
o sudo apt install ethtool
5. arpwatch
• Description: Displays and configures Ethernet settings.
• Usage:
o sudo arpwatch -i eth0 # Monitor a specific interface
• Installation:
o sudo apt install arpwatch
6. w
• Description: Displays details such as the username, terminal, login time, idle time, and the command they are
executing.
• Usage:
o w
• Installation:
o sudo apt install procps
7. netstat -tulp
• Description: Displays network statistics.
• Usage:
o netstat -tulnp
• Installation:
o sudo apt install net-tools
8. traceroute
• Description: Traces the route to a destination.
• Usage:
o traceroute example.com
• Installation:
sudo apt install traceroute
9. iftop
• Description: Displays bandwidth usage.
• Usage:
o sudo iftop
• Installation:
o sudo apt install iftop
10.ssh
• Description: Securely connects to remote servers.
• Usage:
o ssh user@remote_host
o ssh -p 2222 user@remote_host # Custom port
• Installation:
o sudo apt install openssh-client
11.sendmail
• Description: Sends emails via command line.
• Usage:
o echo "Test email" | sendmail [email protected]
• Installation:
• sudo apt install sendmail
12.mailstats
• Description: Displays mail server statistics.
• Usage:
o Mailstats
13.cURL
• Description: Transfers data from URLs.
• Usage:
o curl https://example.com
o curl -O https://example.com/file.zip
• Installation:
• sudo apt install curl
14.wget
• Description: Downloads files from the internet.
• Usage:
o wget https://example.com/file.zip
• Installation:
1. sudo apt install wget
15.ftp
• Description: Transfers files via FTP.
• Usage:
o ftp ftp.example.com
• Installation:
o sudo apt install ftp
16.rcp
• Description: Copies files between systems using RCP.
• Usage:
o rcp file.txt user@remote:/path/
17.scp
• Description: Securely copies files over SSH.
• Usage:
o scp file.txt user@remote:/path/
• Installation:
o sudo apt install openssh-client
18.rsync
• Description: Synchronizes files and directories.
• Usage:
o rsync -avz source/ user@remote:/destination/
• Installation:
• sudo apt install rsync
19.sftp
• Description: Secure FTP over SSH.
• Usage:
o sftp user@remote_host
• Installation:
o sudo apt install openssh-client
20.nload
• Description: Monitors network bandwidth.
• Usage:
o nload
• Installation:
o sudo apt install nload
21.ss
• Description: Displays socket statistics.
• Usage:
o ss -tulnp
22.tcpdump
• Description: Captures network traffic.
• Usage:
o sudo tcpdump -i eth0
• Installation:
1. sudo apt install tcpdump
23.dstat
• Description: Monitors system performance.
• Usage:
o dstat
• Installation:
o sudo apt install dstat
24.bmon
• Description: Real-time network bandwidth monitoring tool in Linux that provides detailed statistics on network
usage
• Usage:
o bmon
• Installation:
o sudo apt install bmon
25.telnet
• Description: Used to establish a remote connection to another device over a TCP/IP network.
• Usage:
o telnet google.com 80
• Installation:
o sudo apt install telnet
