INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAM DESIGN

Lecture 11: Stream Input/Output and

File Processing
Yun-Shan Hsieh (謝昀珊),
Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, NCKU

Acknowledgement: Slides template by https://slidesgo.com

char* Variables

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Using Member Functions eof, get, and put

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Using Member Functions eof, get, and put
(Cont.)

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Comparing cin and cin.get

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Comparing cin and cin.get (Cont.)

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Using Member Function getline

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Unformatted I/O Using read, write and
gcount

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Integral Stream Base: dec, oct, hex and
setbase

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Integral Stream Base: dec, oct, hex and
setbase (Cont.)

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Floating-Point Precision

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Floating-Point Precision (Cont.)

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Floating-Point Precision (Cont.)

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Field Width

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Field Width (Cont.)

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User-Defined Output Stream Manipulators

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User-Defined Output Stream Manipulators
(Cont.)

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User-Defined Output Stream Manipulators
(Cont.)

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Stream Format States and Stream
Manipulators

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Stream Format States and Stream
Manipulators (Cont.)

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Trailing Zeros and Decimal Points

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Trailing Zeros and Decimal Points (Cont.)

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Justification

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Justification (Cont.)

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Justification (Cont.)

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Padding

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Padding (Cont.)

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Padding (Cont.)

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Integral Stream Base

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Floating-Point Numbers; Scientific and
Fixed Notation

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Floating-Point Numbers; Scientific and
Fixed Notation (Cont.)

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Specifying Boolean Format

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Specifying Boolean Format (Cont.)

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Setting and Resetting the Format State via
Member Function flags

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Setting and Resetting the Format State via
Member Function flags (Cont.)

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Setting and Resetting the Format State via
Member Function flags (Cont.)

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Stream Error States

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Stream Error States (Cont.)

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Stream Error States (Cont.)

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File Processing

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Files and Streams

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Creating a Sequential File

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Creating a Sequential File (Cont.)

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Opening a File

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Opening a File via the open Member
Function
• An ofstream object without opening a specific file—in this case, a
file can be attached to the object later. For example, the statement
ofstream outClientFile;
• The ofstream member function open opens a file and attaches it to
an existing ofstream object as follows:
outClientFile.open("clients.txt", ios::out);

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End-of-file Key Combinations

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Closing a File
• Once the user enters the end-of-file indicator, main terminates.
This implicitly invokes outClientFile’s destructor, which closes
the clients.txt file. The ofstream object can be closed explicitly.
outClientFile.close();

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Reading Data from a Sequential File

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Reading Data from a Sequential File (Cont.)

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Reading Data from a Sequential File (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit Inquiry Program

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Case Study: Credit Inquiry Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit Inquiry Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit Inquiry Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit Inquiry Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit Inquiry Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit Inquiry Program (Cont.)

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Random-Access Files

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Case Study: Credit-Processing Program
• Using random-access file-processing techniques, create a credit-
processing program capable of storing at most 100 fixed-length
records for a company that can have up to 100 customers.
• Each record should consist of an account number that acts as the
record key, a last name, a first name and a balance.
• The program should be able to update an account, insert a new
account, delete an account and insert all the account records into a
formatted text file for printing.

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Case Study: Credit-Processing Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit-Processing Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit-Processing Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit-Processing Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit-Processing Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit-Processing Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit-Processing Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit-Processing Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit-Processing Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit-Processing Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: Credit-Processing Program (Cont.)

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Reading from a Random-Access File
Sequentially

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Reading from a Random-Access File
Sequentially (Cont.)

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Reading from a Random-Access File
Sequentially (Cont.)

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program (Cont.)

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Case Study: A Transaction-Processing
Program (Cont.)

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References
• https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/header/cmath
• https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/chrono/c/time

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Thank You Very Much!
Questions & Answers?

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