Designation: D1110 − 84 (Reapproved 2013) Technical Association of Pulp and Paper Industry

Standard Method T 207 om-81

Standard Test Methods for

Water Solubility of Wood1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1110; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope 5. Procedure
2
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the 5.1 Place a 2-g test specimen, the moisture content of which
water solubility of wood. Two methods are given, as follows: has been previously determined, in a 400-mL beaker, and cover
1.1.1 Method A—Cold-Water Solubility—This method pro- with 300 mL of distilled water. Let this mixture digest at a
vides a measure of the tannins, gums, sugars, and coloring temperature of 23 6 2°C, with frequent stirring, for 48 h.
matter in the wood. 5.2 Filter the material on an Alundum or fritted-glass
1.1.2 Method B—Hot-Water Solubility—This method pro- crucible, using suction, wash with cold distilled water, and dry
vides a measure of the tannins, gums, sugars, coloring matter, to constant weight at 100 to 105°C. Drying usually requires
and starches in the wood. approximately 4 h. Place the crucible in a loosely stoppered
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the weighing bottle, cool in a desiccator, and weigh.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 6. Report
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.1 Report the results as percentage of matter soluble in cold
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
water, on the moisture-free basis, calculated as follows:
2. Significance and Use Cold water solubility, % 5 @ ~ W 1 2 W 2 ! /W 1 # 3 100 (1)
2.1 Cold water removes a part of such extraneous materials where:
as tannins, gums, sugars, and coloring matters. Hot water
W1 = weight of moisture-free specimen used in 5.1, and
removes these plus the starches. W2 = weight of dried specimen after extraction with cold
METHOD A—COLD-WATER SOLUBILITY water (5.2).

3. Apparatus METHOD B—HOT-WATER SOLUBILITY

3.1 Filtering Crucibles—Alundum or fritted-glass crucibles 7. Apparatus
of coarse porosity will be required.
7.1 Digestion Apparatus—A 200-mL Erlenmeyer flask pro-
3.2 Filtering Flask—A suction filtering flask, equipped with vided with a reflux condenser shall be used.
a rubber flange for the crucible and funnel, shall be provided.
7.2 Water Bath, so constructed that the water can be
4. Test Specimen maintained at boiling temperature and at a constant-level just
4.1 The test specimen shall consist of 2 g of air-dried above the solution in the flask.
sawdust that has been ground to pass a 425-µm sieve and be 7.3 Filtering Crucible and Filtering Flask—See Section 3.
retained on a 250-µm sieve.
8. Test Specimen
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on 8.1 See Section 4.
Wood and are the direct responsibility of D07.01 on Fundamental Test Methods and
Properties.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2013. Published September 2013. Originally 9. Procedure
approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1110 – 84 (2007).
DOI: 10.1520/D1110-84R13. 9.1 Place a 2-g test specimen, the moisture content of which
2
For further information on these test methods, the following references may be has been previously determined, and 100 mL of distilled water
consulted: in the Erlenmeyer flask and attach the reflux condenser. Place
Schorger, A. W., “Chemistry of Cellulose and Woods,” 1926, p. 506, McGraw-
the flask in the boiling water bath, with the solution in the flask
Hill, NY.
Hawley and Wise, “Chemistry of Wood,” 1926, p. 134, Chemical Catalog Co., just below the level of the water in the bath, and heat gently for
NY. 3 h.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 D1110 − 84 (2013)
9.2 Filter the contents of the flask on a tared Alundum or 11. Precision and Bias3
fritted-glass crucible, using suction, wash with hot water, and 11.1 All data obtained in one laboratory by testing 20
dry to constant weight at 100 to 105°C. Place the crucible in a woods.
loosely stoppered weighing bottle, cool in a desiccator, and
Repeatability, Repeatability,
weigh. as Solubility, % % of Solubility
Cold (1.1 to 6.3 %) 0.14 5.7
10. Report Hot (1.6 to 9.0 %) 0.15 3.8

10.1 Report the results as percentage of matter soluble in 11.2 Reproducibility and bias are unknown.
hot water, on the moisture-free basis, calculated as follows:
12. Keywords
Hot water solubility, % 5 @ ~ W 1 2 W 2 ! /W 1 # 3 100 (2)
12.1 cold water solubility; hot water solubility; water solu-
where: bility
W1 = weight of moisture-free specimen used in 9.1, and
W2 = weight of dried specimen after extraction with hot 3
Data in this section obtained from the Technical Association of the Pulp and
water (9.2).
Paper Industry, P.O. Box 105113, Atlanta, GA 30348.

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