Carnegie Mellon

Introduction to Cloud Computing

Overview and Introduction

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Syllabus: Course Components

What are we trying to
answer?
What is Why
Cloud Cloud
Computin Computin
g? g?

How
What are its does
challenges Cloud
and Computi
opportunitie ng
s? work?
Introduction to Cloud Computing
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What Computing Paradigms AreThere?

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Existing Computing Paradigms

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Existing Computing Paradigms

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Personal Computing

Personal computing system

Local software installation, maintenance
Local system maintenance
Customizable to user needs
Very low utilization
High up‐front cost

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Existing Computing Paradigms

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Reconfigurable Computing
Field Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGAs)
▪ Reprogrammable Hardware
▪ Can exploit embarrassingly parallelcode
▪ Slow programming time(ms)
▪ Power hungry

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Existing Computing Paradigms

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Autonomic Computing configurati

on
organizati
Motivation: rapidly growing on

complexity of integrating, managing protecti

on
and operating computer systems governi
introduced by IBM in 2001 ng

Inspired by HumanANS recove

ry
Self‐management includes: self‐ healin
g Complex
yet self-
autonomy managing

adaptatio
n

optimizati
on

Introduction to Cloud Computing diagnosis

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Existing Computing Paradigms

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Mobile Computing
You can use computing technology on themove
Since 1990s
Intermittent connectivity
Limited Bandwidth
Mobile devicematurity

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Existing Computing Paradigms

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Utility Computing
Water, gas, and electricity are provided to every home and business
as commodity services
▪ You get connected to the utility companies’ “public”infrastructure
▪ You get these utility serviceson‐demand
▪ And you pay‐as‐youuse

Utility Computing is doing same for computing resources

(processing power, bandwidth, data storage, andenterprise
software services)

Thought of by 1960s but re‐surfaced late 90s

▪ “If computers of the kind I have advocated become the computers of
the future, then computing may someday be organized as a public
utility just as the telephone system is a public utility... The computer
utility could become the basis of a new and important industry.„
—John McCarthy, MIT Centennial in 1961

Introduction to Cloud Computing

 Carnegie Mellon

Existing Computing Paradigms

Introduction to Cloud Computing

 Carnegie Mellon

Existing Computing Paradigms ‐ BlueGroup

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Blue Group
Distributed Computing
▪ Using distributed systems to solve large problems.
▪ Distributed System: multiple autonomous computersconnected
through a communicationnetwork
▪ The system has a distributed memory where each processor has
its private memory.
▪ Information exchanged using communicationmodels, ex: MPI

Introduction to Cloud Computing

 Carnegie Mellon

Blue Group
Distributed Computing
▪ Cluster Computing:
▪ Characteristics:
– tightly coupled computers
– single system image
– Centralized Job management & schedulingsystem
▪ Better performance and availability and more cost‐
effectiveness over single computer with same capabilities
▪ Since 1987

▪ Grid Computing:
▪ According to Gartner, "a grid is a collection of resources
owned by multiple organizations that is coordinated to
allow them to solve a common problem."
▪ Characteristics:
– loosely coupled
– no Single System Image
– distributed Job Management &scheduling
▪ Originated early 1990s

Introduction to Cloud Computing

 Carnegie Mellon

What is Parallel Computing

▪ Calculations of large problems are divided into smaller parts and
carried out simultaneously/concurrently on differentprocessors.

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Introduction to Cloud Computing e
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Parallel Computing
▪ All have access to a shared memory that is used to exchange
information between processors
Shared Memory

Non-Uniform Access…
Uniform Access… (UASM) (NUASM)

Hybrid Distributed-Shared
Memory

Source:
Introduction to Cloud Computing https://computing.llnl.gov/tutorials/parallel_comp/
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Blue Group
Super Computing
▪ Thousands of processors
▪ Used for compute‐intensiveproblems
Days instead ofYears!!!
▪
▪ introduced in the 1960s

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Blue Group

Parallel Super Computing

Computing

Could
Cluster be
Computing

Distributed
Computing
Grid
Computing

Introduction to Cloud Computing

 Carnegie Mellon

Existing Computing Paradigms

Introduction to Cloud Computing

 Carnegie Mellon

Existing Computing Paradigms ‐ GreenGroup

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Green Group
Ubiquitous= “seeming to be in allplaces”
Pervasive= “present or noticeable in every part ofa
thing or place”
Information processing engaged ineveryday’s
activities and objects.
Term used since 1980s
Different models but samevision:
▪ Small, inexpensive, robust devices distributedthroughout
everyday’s life

Introduction to Cloud Computing

 Carnegie Mellon

Existing Computing Paradigms

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Existing Computing Paradigms

How about cloud
computing?

Introduction to Cloud Computing

 Carnegie Mellon

Existing Computing Paradigms

How about cloud
computing?

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Think of it this way…

Banking

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Think of it this way…

Power/ heat/electricity/water supply to yourhome

Before
No
w

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Think of it this way…

Transportation
▪ Which one should you pick?
▪ Should you buy/rent?

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Cloud Computing
Think of it as InternetComputing
▪ Computation done over theinternet
Enabled through:
▪ High Bandwidth andHigh Speed Internet
▪ Utility Computing
▪ Virtualization
▪ …

Introduction to Cloud Computing

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Cloud Computing Services

Three basic services:
Software as a Service (SAAS)model
▪ Apps through browser
Platform as a Service (PAAS)model
▪ Delivery of a computing platform for custom software
development as aservice
Infrastructure as a Service (IAAS)model
▪ Deliver of computer infrastructure as a service
XAAS, the list continues togrow…

Introduction to Cloud Computing

 Carnegie Mellon

Interesting Videos
SaaS:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kGUPSvswmY0&feat
ure=related
Virtualization:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p11lJOnALS4&featur
e=related
Cloud Computing:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XdBd14rjcs0&NR=1

Introduction to Cloud Computing