VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

“Jnana Sangama”, Belagavi-590 018

Assignment
On
“CASE STUDY ON VOLVO XC40
RECHARGE”
ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES
(BEE657A)

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Submitted by

SHRIVATSA T Y 1MV23EE447
SOWMYA G 1MV23EE466
SUHAS S H 1MV23EE474
SUMANTH KUMAR B V 1MV23EE475

Under the Guidance of

Dr.I.Ramesh
Assistant Professor,
Dept. of Electrical & Electronics Engineering,
Sir M.VIT, Bengaluru.

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Sir M. VISVESVARAYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to VTU-Belagavi, Recognized by AICTE and Accredited by NAAC)
Krishnadevarayanagar, Off Kempegowda International Airport Road
Hunasamaranahalli, Bengaluru – 562 157
2025 – 2026
 INTRODUCTION

The Volvo XC40 Recharge is a fully electric compact luxury SUV developed by the Swedish
automaker Volvo Cars. It represents Volvo's commitment to sustainability and the transition towards
an all-electric future. Launched as the brand's first all-electric vehicle, the XC40 Recharge combines
the robust design and safety features Volvo is known for with cutting-edge electric mobility technology.
Built on the Compact Modular Architecture (CMA) platform, the XC40 Recharge features a dual-
motor all-wheel-drive system powered by a high-capacity lithium-ion battery. This setup delivers
strong performance, typically producing around 402 horsepower and offering a range of
approximately 223 to 300 miles (360 to 480 km) per charge, depending on the model year and driving
conditions.
The vehicle emphasizes clean Scandinavian design, a minimalist interior, and a tech-forward
experience, including a Google-powered infotainment system with voice control, Google Maps
integration, and over-the-air software updates.
The XC40 Recharge is not just a practical and stylish electric SUV; it also plays a key role in Volvo's
broader plan to become a fully electric car company by 2030.
EXTERIOR DESIGN

• The Volvo XC40 Recharge—now rebranded as the Volvo EX40 starting with the 2025 model
year—exemplifies Scandinavian design in a compact, all-electric SUV. Its exterior design
blends modern aesthetics with functional elements, making it both stylish and practical.

⚡ Distinctive Front Fascia

• The EX40 features a sleek, body-coloured front grille that replaces the traditional open grille, a
design choice that enhances aerodynamics and reflects its electric nature. Flanking the grille are
Volvo's signature "Thor's Hammer" LED headlights, which now incorporate advanced pixel
technology to adapt the light beam for optimal visibility without dazzling other drivers.

🎨 Contrasting Roof and Color Options

• A standout feature of the EX40 is its available contrasting black roof, which adds a dynamic,
two-tone appearance to the vehicle. This design element is complemented by a palette of vibrant
body colours, allowing for personalization and a bold visual statement.

🛞 Aerodynamic Wheel Designs

• The EX40 is equipped with aerodynamic alloy wheels that not only contribute to its modern
look but also enhance efficiency by reducing air resistance. These wheels are designed to
complement the vehicle's overall aesthetic while supporting its performance goals.

🛡️ Functional Design Elements

• Beyond aesthetics, the EX40 incorporates practical features such as integrated roof rails for
additional cargo capacity and a panoramic glass roof that floods the cabin with natural light,
enhancing the sense of space. The vehicle's compact dimensions make it well-suited for urban
environments, offering maneuverability without sacrificing interior comfort.
INTERIOR FEATURES

The Volvo XC40 Recharge offers a premium, tech-forward interior that blends Scandinavian design,
sustainability, and smart technology. Here’s a detailed look at its interior features:

🪑 Design & Comfort

• Minimalist Scandinavian Styling: The cabin is clean and uncluttered, with high-quality
materials and intuitive layouts.
• Premium Upholstery: The seats are available in sustainable materials such as wool blend or
Microtech, reflecting Volvo’s move toward animal-free interiors.
• Power Adjustable Front Seats: Heated and ventilated in higher trims, with memory function for
the driver.
• Panoramic Sunroof: Standard in many variants, adds openness and natural light to the interior.
• Ample Legroom: Despite being a compact SUV, the XC40 Recharge offers good rear-seat
space and flexible cargo storage.

🔊 Infotainment & Connectivity

• Google Built-In Infotainment:

o Powered by Android Automotive OS.
o Includes Google Maps, Google Assistant, and Google Play Store.
• Voice Control: Fully integrated Google Assistant allows for hands-free operation of climate,
media, and navigation.
• 12.3” Digital Driver Display: Crisp and customizable gauge cluster.
• 9” Touchscreen Center Display: Vertical layout; simple and responsive interface.
• Wireless Apple CarPlay: Added to newer model years alongside Google functionality.
• Premium Sound System: Optional Harman Kardon audio system with rich, immersive sound.

🧠 Convenience & Tech

• Over-the-Air (OTA) Updates: Keeps the system software and features up to date.
• Wireless Phone Charging: Standard in most variants.
• Ample Smart Storage: Includes a front trunk ("frunk"), under-seat drawers, and removable
waste bins.
• Climate Control: Dual-zone automatic climate control with air purification system.
• Ambient Interior Lighting: Subtle lighting for a refined cabin feel.

♻️ Sustainability Focus

• The cabin makes extensive use of recycled and sustainable materials, such as carpets made from
recycled plastic bottles, and responsibly sourced trims.
 • Volvo emphasizes eco-conscious luxury, avoiding leather and using low-impact materials
throughout the cabin.
The XC40 Recharge's interior stands out for being both tech-savvy and eco-friendly, wrapped in a
stylish, functional package.

POWERTRAIN AND PERFORMANCE

The Volvo XC40 Recharge features an all-electric powertrain that delivers both efficiency and
impressive performance. Here's a breakdown of its powertrain and performance:

⚙️ Electric Powertrain Options

1. Single Motor (Rear-Wheel Drive) – Newer Variant

• Motor: Rear-mounted electric motor
• Power Output: ~248 hp (185 kW)
• Torque: ~420 Nm
• 0–100 km/h (0–62 mph): ~7.3 seconds
• Driving Range: Up to 320–475 km (200–295 miles) WLTP depending on battery size and
conditions
• Battery: ~69 kWh usable capacity (standard range)
2. Twin Motor (All-Wheel Drive) – Performance Variant
• Motors: Dual motors (one on each axle for AWD)
• Total Power Output: 402 hp (300 kW)
• Torque: 660 Nm (487 lb-ft)
• 0–100 km/h (0–62 mph): ~4.7 seconds
• Driving Range: Up to 500 km (311 miles) WLTP
• Battery: ~78 kWh usable capacity (extended range)

⚡ Performance Highlights

• Instant Torque: Like most EVs, the XC40 Recharge delivers instant throttle response, making
acceleration feel quick and effortless.
• Low Center of Gravity: The underfloor battery improves stability and handling.
• Regenerative Braking: One-pedal driving is supported for energy recovery and ease of use in
urban traffic.
• Drive Modes: Offers modes like Off-Road (AWD variant) for better traction in tough
conditions.
🔋 Charging & Efficiency

• DC Fast Charging: Up to 150 kW (AWD) or 200 kW (RWD) depending on model year

o ~10–80% charge in 28–35 minutes
• AC Charging: Up to 11 kW (typical for home wallboxes)
• Efficiency: ~18–21 kWh/100 km (varies with conditions)

🛣️ Driving Dynamics

• The AWD variant provides exceptional grip and confident cornering.

• Steering is light yet responsive, optimized for both city driving and highway cruising.
• Ride quality is balanced—comfortable for everyday use but firm enough to feel composed at
higher speeds.
Overall, the Volvo XC40 Recharge combines strong, quiet performance with Volvo’s signature driving
refinement, making it a great all-electric option for those seeking both power and eco-consciousness.

SAFETY FEATURES

The Volvo XC40 Recharge (EX40 from 2025 onward) stays true to Volvo’s legacy of building some
of the safest vehicles on the road, offering a comprehensive suite of advanced driver assistance and
safety systems. Here's a detailed look at its safety features:

🧠 Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS)

• Pilot Assist: Semi-autonomous driving support that helps with steering, acceleration, and
braking on well-marked roads. It works with adaptive cruise control to maintain distance and
lane positioning.
• Adaptive Cruise Control: Maintains a safe following distance from the vehicle ahead, even in
stop-and-go traffic.
• Lane Keeping Aid: Gently steers the vehicle back into its lane if it begins to drift without
signaling.
• Oncoming Lane Mitigation: Automatically corrects steering if you cross into an oncoming lane
with a potential collision risk.
• Cross Traffic Alert with Auto Brake: Alerts you of traffic approaching from the sides while
reversing and can automatically brake if needed.

🛡️ Collision Avoidance & Protection

• City Safety with Steering Support: Detects vehicles, pedestrians, cyclists, and large animals,
and can automatically brake or steer to avoid collisions.
• Run-off Road Protection & Mitigation: If the vehicle accidentally leaves the road, the system
tightens seatbelts and protects against spine injuries by absorbing energy in the seat frame.
 • Driver Alert Control: Monitors driver behaviour and issues alerts if signs of drowsiness or
distraction are detected.
• Rear Collision Warning & Mitigation: Prepares the vehicle for an impact from behind by
tightening seatbelts and flashing hazard lights.

🪞 Visibility & Monitoring

• 360-Degree Surround View Camera: Offers a bird’s-eye view of the vehicle to simplify parking
and low-speed maneuvers.
• Blind Spot Information System (BLIS) with Steer Assist: Warns of vehicles in blind spots and
can steer you away from danger during a lane change.
• Rear Park Assist & Front Sensors: Provides audio-visual feedback for obstacles near the
bumpers.

🏗️ Structural Safety

• Strong Safety Cage: Made with high-strength boron steel to protect occupants in the event of a
crash.
• Battery Safety: The EV platform includes a dedicated battery protection structure, and the
battery is mounted low for rollover resistance.
• Airbags: Full set including front, side, curtain, and knee airbags for comprehensive occupant
protection.

🔒 Security Features

• Volvo On Call App: Provides remote locking, vehicle tracking, and emergency assistance.
• Alarm System & Immobilizer: Includes intrusion detection and tilt sensors.
The XC40 Recharge not only carries Volvo's reputation for world-class safety but also integrates next-
gen safety tech optimized for EVs.
TECHNOLOGY AND CONNECTIVITY

The Volvo XC40 Recharge (also known as the EX40 from 2025) is equipped with a modern and
intuitive suite of technology and connectivity features, emphasizing ease of use, personalization, and
seamless integration. Here's a comprehensive breakdown:

📱 Infotainment System

• Google Built-In (Android Automotive OS): The XC40 Recharge is one of the first vehicles to
run a native Google-powered infotainment system, offering:
o Google Maps for real-time navigation with EV-specific routing (including charging
stops)
o Google Assistant for voice-activated control of media, climate, and navigation
o Google Play Store to download compatible apps directly to the car
• 9-inch Touchscreen Display: Vertical layout, intuitive interface, and fast response times.
Prioritizes navigation and climate access.
• 12.3-inch Digital Driver Display: Fully digital, customizable cluster with real-time driving data,
range info, and directions.
• Over-the-Air (OTA) Updates: Software updates are automatically delivered, improving
features, fixing bugs, and even adding new capabilities over time.

🔊 Audio & Multimedia

• Harman Kardon Premium Sound System (Optional): A high-end system with 13 speakers and
a subwoofer, optimized for a rich, immersive experience.
• Wireless Apple CarPlay: Available in newer models, offering seamless iPhone integration.
• USB-C Charging Ports: Multiple ports available for front and rear passengers.
• Bluetooth and Internet Connectivity: Enables phone calls, music streaming, and car-to-cloud
syncing.

🔋 EV-Specific Tech

• Volvo Cars App

o Remotely precondition the cabin (heat or cool it before driving)
o Lock/unlock the car
o Monitor battery level and charging status
o Locate your car and send destinations to the navigation system
• Charging Station Locator: Built into the infotainment system, with integration into Google
Maps for real-time charging availability.
🧠 Driving Technology

• Pilot Assist with Adaptive Cruise Control: Semi-autonomous support that keeps you centered
in your lane and maintains distance from other vehicles.
• 360° Surround View Camera: Offers a top-down view of your vehicle to aid in parking and
tight maneuvering.
• One-Pedal Driving: Enables regenerative braking to slow the vehicle smoothly and recover
energy—often eliminating the need for the brake pedal in city driving.

🔐 Personalization & Smart Features

• Driver Profiles Linked to Key or Phone: The car remembers your seat, mirror, and climate
settings.
• Smart Climate Control: Dual-zone with air quality sensors and the ability to be remotely
controlled via app or voice.
• Digital Key (Future-ready): Some versions are prepared for digital key access via smartphone.
The Volvo XC40 Recharge merges technology with simplicity, making it not just an electric SUV—
but a connected smart device on wheels.
VARIANTS AND PRICING

As of June 2025, the Volvo XC40 Recharge—now rebranded as the Volvo EX40—is available in India
with multiple variants, offering a blend of performance, range, and features. Here's a detailed overview
of the variants and pricing:

🚗 Volvo XC40 Recharge / EX40 Variants & Pricing

Variant Powertrain Battery Range (WLTP) Ex-Showroom Price

E60 Plus Single Motor (RWD) 69 kWh ~475 km ₹54.95 lakh

E80 Ultimate AWD Dual Motor (AWD) 78 kWh ~418 km ₹57.90 lakh

EX40 Plus Single Motor (RWD) 69 kWh ~475 km ₹56.10 lakh

⚙️ Key Differences Between Variants

• E60 Plus / EX40 Plus:

o Rear-wheel drive with a single motor producing approximately 238 bhp.
o Offers a WLTP range of around 475 km.
o Equipped with features like Google Built-In infotainment, panoramic sunroof, and
advanced safety systems.
• E80 Ultimate AWD:
o All-wheel drive with dual motors delivering a combined output of 408 bhp.
o Provides a WLTP range of approximately 418 km.
o Includes additional features such as a 13-speaker Harman Kardon sound system, 360-
degree camera, and enhanced driver assistance technologies.

📍 On-Road Pricing in Bengaluru

For Bengaluru residents, the on-road prices (including RTO, insurance, and other charges) are
approximately:
• E60 Plus: ₹58.80 lakh
• E80 Ultimate AWD: ₹65.18 lakh
MARKET PERFORMANCE

The Volvo XC40 Recharge demonstrated strong market performance both in India and globally,
reflecting Volvo's strategic push towards electrification.
India: Leading the Luxury EV Segment
• Market Share: In 2023, the XC40 Recharge captured approximately 25% of the premium
electric vehicle segment in India, positioning Volvo as a significant player in the luxury EV
market
• Sales Figures: Volvo Car India sold 510 units of the XC40 Recharge and 180 units of the C40
Recharge in 2023, totaling 690 electric vehicles. This accounted for 28% of Volvo's total sales
in India for that year
• Growth Projections: The company anticipates that electric vehicles will constitute 33% of its
total sales in India by the end of 2024, underscoring a commitment to expanding its EV
footprint.
• Local Assembly: The XC40 Recharge is locally assembled at Volvo's facility in Hoskote,
Bengaluru, which has contributed to competitive pricing and increased consumer interest.

🌍 Global: Driving Volvo's Electrification Success

• Record Sales: In 2024, Volvo Cars achieved a new global sales record with 763,389 units sold,
marking an 8% increase over the previous year. This growth was significantly driven by the
surge in electric vehicle sales.
• Electric Vehicle Sales: Volvo delivered 175,194 fully electric cars worldwide in 2024,
representing a 54% increase from the previous year. This surge highlights the growing
consumer demand for Volvo's electric offerings.
• Netherlands, Volvo achieved 30,995 registrations in 2024, with 64% being all-electric vehicles.
The XC40 Recharge (EX40) remained popular among both business and private drivers,
contributing to Volvo's strong performance in the region.
Overall, the Volvo XC40 Recharge has solidified its position as a leading model in the luxury electric
vehicle segment, both in India and globally. Its strong sales performance and growing market share
reflect Volvo's successful transition towards electrification and its appeal to environmentally conscious
consumers.
FUTURE OUTLOOK

The Volvo XC40 Recharge, rebranded as the Volvo EX40 for the 2025 model year, represents a
significant step in Volvo's electrification journey. Here's an overview of its future outlook:

🔋 Enhanced Performance and Range

The 2025 EX40 offers improved range estimates, with the Single Motor Extended Range variant
achieving up to 296 miles (approximately 476 km) and the Twin Motor variant up to 260 miles
(approximately 418 km) on a full charge.

🌍 Global Expansion and Production

Volvo plans to expand the EX40's global availability, including increased production at its Ghent,
Belgium facility to meet growing demand.

⚡ Electrification Strategy

While Volvo initially aimed for a fully electric lineup by 2030, the company has adjusted its strategy
to offer a mix of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and hybrids, targeting net-zero greenhouse gas
emissions by 2040.

🧠 Technological Advancements

The EX40 continues to feature Volvo's Google-based infotainment system, providing seamless
integration with Google Maps, Assistant, and the Play Store. Volvo is also investing in vehicle-to-grid
(V2G) technology, enabling future models to support energy sharing capabilities.
Indian Market Prospects:
In India, the EX40 is expected to strengthen Volvo's presence in the luxury EV segment, building on
the XC40 Recharge's success. Local assembly at Volvo's Hoskote facility near Bengaluru will continue,
supporting competitive pricing and accessibility.

🚘 Conclusion

The Volvo EX40's future is marked by enhanced performance, global expansion, and a commitment to
sustainable mobility. As part of Volvo's evolving electric lineup, the EX40 is poised to play a pivotal
role in the brand's journey toward a greener future.
CONCLUSION

The Volvo XC40 Recharge, now known as the Volvo EX40, stands as a compelling blend of
sustainability, luxury, and safety, representing Volvo’s confident step into the all-electric future. With
its elegant Scandinavian design, powerful electric performance, and a cabin loaded with intelligent
technology and connectivity, the EX40 caters to modern drivers who value both environmental
responsibility and everyday usability.
Its strong market performance, especially in regions like India and Europe, reflects growing consumer
trust in Volvo’s electric vision. As the brand continues to push toward carbon neutrality and
electrification, the EX40 is expected to remain a cornerstone of Volvo’s strategy—balancing

refinement, innovation, and environmental awareness in one premium electric SUV.