Automatic Car Parking System using Arduino UNO
1. Required Components:
- Arduino UNO
- Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)
- DC Motor + Motor Driver (L293D or L298N)
- Breadboard
- Jumper Wires
- USB Cable
- Power Source (6V–12V for motor)
2. Working Principle:
1. Ultrasonic sensor detects the distance of the incoming car.
2. If distance ≤ 20 cm, motor turns ON to open the gate.
3. After a short delay, motor reverses to close the gate.
3. Circuit Connections:
Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)
- VCC → 5V (Arduino)
- GND → GND
- TRIG → Pin 9
- ECHO → Pin 10
Motor Driver (L293D)
- IN1 → Pin 4
- IN2 → Pin 5
- Motor terminals → OUT1 & OUT2
- VCC (Motor Power) → 6V–12V Battery
- GND → Arduino GND
4. Arduino Code:
#define trigPin 9 #define echoPin 10 #define motorIn1 4 #define motorIn2 5 long
duration; int distance; void setup() { pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(echoPin,
INPUT); pinMode(motorIn1, OUTPUT); pinMode(motorIn2, OUTPUT); Serial.begin(9600); }
void loop() { digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH); delayMicroseconds(10); digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); distance = duration * 0.034 / 2;
Serial.print("Distance: "); Serial.print(distance); Serial.println(" cm"); if
(distance <= 20) { digitalWrite(motorIn1, HIGH); digitalWrite(motorIn2, LOW);
delay(2000); digitalWrite(motorIn1, LOW); digitalWrite(motorIn2, HIGH); delay(2000);
digitalWrite(motorIn1, LOW); digitalWrite(motorIn2, LOW); } else {
digitalWrite(motorIn1, LOW); digitalWrite(motorIn2, LOW); } delay(500); }
5. Tips:
- Use separate power for the motor to avoid Arduino reset.
- Keep GND common between Arduino and motor power.
- Use a servo or stepper motor for precise gate movement.
