RAJIV GANDHI INSTIT UTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBAI RMU VIRSOVA LK ROAD VERSO ANE EE NO LOC = Irae kos Creadhani fell No = 508, a, : | Assign ment No 1 — 0.1) | Conpare dike oak “types of duivded pair calle = | ee ee paix “cable ie sect Toited gir (ore), 1) Oashieldedi Tok pe (ove) F [readers [Ore Connell Twieted | ste (Shiclled fueled — a t gai) aie f f PY Shielding [No shielding (just toiled [Siclded ais Gal a balla — } wslve pore hiclling around whole cable. BY Cost [ Orenper (dee to lack of |More exponive (additional | shi elding) shielding inoeases cosh) fF Flex bility | Hid frible L caster les eile duc shilling - | = = install harder to work wilh, 1) mace. Ty Gips tp 0 Gpps | Uplo 10 tes over - Transnision Seed over eshorb di e. Longer disbance. J 5) Performance Fertormn s poorly in Perfor eal in 7 i i Ney Chvitonmert eit high [enivrnmedt ait by Exwnonment Erte EL ¥ a en Ey ste jnstel| Tistallection ic 7 ~ ‘ lex, requires Cue lexity es comp y a = Qroun. ng Vv © scanned with OKEN Scanner| NACorabieroner ort anya WiKnviabee TRUST ror) I nM GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBA E)Yislance edoofie sles — | = 1) Grounding | No spewing veryived | Remines proper awadig ~ = | Reyrivene | He ensure. elding oooh = elfectrel J 2 JeScovmen | Home Zifice nehooks, | Indurbrial medial or ~ | ces] sleet ge hon | dela condor ov aor long | | dirknce chhernat comed | ' @.2l[ Explain connectionless & connection = srienbed prolow] oath EAamples. : Ac [D> Comvectanless Qeloce] = IDR conmedtionless pretsce! is a tye oF cannanioabion where @ | ced is sont wou, ertablishing a Connedbon bebwea, He [Senter L vedio reccier belwchert ta re ay ee | ne heed -for_a_ dedicated path [ beheeen senda A recever. 8h Con tinecus communieabios tt characler istics + 2 No connection setup is regpired before dala transmission t ° Exch, Packed os. rousked independent, ®No dinewledge met or guarantee = ide ie iE © scanned with OKEN Scannerae ! MANJARA CHARITABLE TRUST aD) page No- Il | MANIARA CHARITABLE TRUST GY. muMBAL ‘CHNOLOG", | najtv GANDHI INSTITUTE,OS TeGrio = ( : xy. i) Example & : - : : L se —— Profocel _(ubt) = vat is type aie = ic en \ ae pa cormpction less prodoce | _ Wh ite mee fe & sek ih pachones to est ing ‘chien! There _is__ho quarontee, = | farmad _ennection? SS [dete will arrive ev eb it wi — as = ; a Bel Preboce) 2D Connection = ovi co) é ; . 1) fr connection ~ oviewked ‘protec! esriablishes_o ee : oder 3: the _reckiver Jefe tre actual | bebveen th [alc Lausmibsion begins. This ype of protocol ensures [oahat the der is deliver! rBliably 2 in the | ackrows Jedyem ents & errr = check correct order wing mechan ims, | | [i key _Uwactoritics = |e (osnedion sebup is required before dlatn transfer, | 6 The pratoce! ensure _beliable deliver. [oe Data’ is transmitted in stream: gn byl or packets), fii) Example > Transmission Contre] Protoco} Ged Tees widely used conveston ~ oriented prebeco) Before chia banster Tep l establishes a Comechon using process known as [thee “coy pandsh ale Doing cen Tep ]exswes Nak all packets ore teceied correctly Qj order © scanned with OKEN Scanner7 | MANJARA enthnt TABLE TRUST RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. MUMBAI TUNU VERSOVA LINK ROAD. VERSOVA, ANOHER! (WEST), MUMBAI +83, of topologies! | 0.3 Lihat arg Lh CL As t VE -lepo loqies axe 0s follows > d Frxc clilfivext bynes sre -furdionality aA [D> Reint operat D> fo > Pond! Tepoloqa |? Skis Pepelegy a Se | Sordey "2 Feceiver, [iS teis is neboerk Topology phat connedls two nedes [ One hede ach as ' Sen & other ere is recewer. i) Eq Glue torts fle brantfo hb slnern hwo as 7 coaxial cable Bus Topelequ is _comnected fo ingle 3) Evens device walled as Backbone cable. ny ii) Wher a _nede warts to send a message, it puts f over _nehwork. | | | | | | | | A_me age ii) AM nodes _auailable in neboork will receive message wwhethe it has been addeed or nab. DY Ey Ethenet LAN , Television Nehwork ) a> Ring Te oloqay linked weth ts nedghbor to form a Ue }) eah pede iS Clesed network. ni) Here data move | one ede to anather , either or anticleckwise , Clocke wise ii) The method xf transferring date in ring sbucbure tS called “Token fassing " i i) _Bjample © Used in Lad Swan © scanned with OKEN Scannerpagenio( MANJARA CHARITABLE TRUST i) MANJARA CHARITABLE TRUST ae RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBAI JUHU VERSOVA LINK ROAD, VERSOVA, ANDHERI (WEST, MUMBAI 53 = > Star epee nat shale: ove connedel bo andbal hah Ge & communi ear finte. = (2 ee eee twisted pair cable pale arth, ane 2 ee eS ii) Each hede has Separebe sve to esbblish a. pet ae fo coke e. Bye Birpors Banks, ete. Sy Mesh Topology DT uhh cerputers ave tndereonrected GD, each othe strveudh various redurtlmt connections computer te anther ii) Theat we mrettiple paths Eom on orn pucker Bee seve roberts Stee eMicer Wi- ff Route f 67 Tree Topology = DEE combiner Be choractoistig of bus he starr epelegy i) AML he Computers are conneded with each other jn HI MGRERO ea) i shion, Dia Large nebwovks such as fees. Fil bada Te sale ial a AF various d-eot aepelegion is covrbivedich know as _hybid ae ology. i) The ectisn pete contijuurcdion depends on 2 yegpaive mest 2 hebvoork, ii) Tease _ mest Commonly used hepbrd cbepolegier are _s ying & star bus ~ ; , : : ; — ey © scanned with OKEN Scannermanrandvithnrrabe trust RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBAI ING WIRSOVA LINK ROAD, VIRSOVA, ANDER LSD), MUMNAL 53 pe eiine eee ammees roar aD) hardware devices used te Gornectien — poirt Srthin a LAN. - 1 : : Som pullers rivders & eller le chron 7 Is devices to a =a : as =) : t cHtalse veferred Jo as hardware 4 nehwos hing hasduoe-BAL i) Types Netmporling Devices La Ty Mus 2 ’ 3 |) evidae al [i> setter ——— [ in) Reuter —~ |v) Modem _ [ vi Repeater — | vii) Genbewwece, = | 2 ~ TY) Hob “s | Dae in nebvorting deve Vat sevce at a codal im) ii) Ts Psion fn con sb. receive dade fom connectel proce Bing iv) Th focusing on baw deck transmission est, ane ov intelligence. N devices £” Wreadeart them fo all stho casmedal _ devices yeqardless af Sing le vecipioxt. wy Te operates on -he OST model's Phepsicol Laser v) Hob generally Voed ih Smal)! networks supports cay Uy device By vit) Less expensive Se f veceited dain. | hebwork denicer, rr Hew Pal daglex Svinte’, gilher 1 eeu gan fend Yate ov T Ta all athor © scanned with OKEN Scanner/ MANJARA CHARITABLE TRUST Pr page uw | CHNOLO y, MUMBAI MANJARA Cl JARUTABL F paytv GANDHL INSTI JUHU VERSE C c valoce Tiding _tvindew (west), MUMBAL ented j connection _—_ or? nebverk re Souree Ie commen icatieh system. JT Vie sliding winds mechan helps be conde) the How GE clan Wohweon _sondlor 1 veceiver by using coindow of Aaln y J > werling ob Siding Window _frabece).~ ) Baibal ization wre _sondar 2, receiver _agves oh an intial window size Q sequence number fav. each packeb. a) Deke Transmission io "The _seder begin Ferans mittng paced within window site. fe fry as be doy Tes nit exceded Ye window see, pe ton cobstinun Sending more packets . id ie Prowledgonort Z widow Tet When Hy. receiver Sac esffully receives ; packet , it send, an _adbrouledyonent “he back fp Sorder " ee wecrives Ye adaotsledtemont & slides He 3 ee race by dhe humber, at acknowledged Tw) Handling Lest_or Grrupted Packets: Jeet “Th x pocket is lest ov corrupted durin ronan) the receiver will hot? adewuledge 3 —— Nye. © scanned with OKEN Scanner| a oN MANIARA CHARITABLE TRUST RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBAI JUMU VERSOVA LINK ROAD, VERSOVA, ANDHERI (WEST), MUMBA 53. Hep | | | I | | To Sept Plelsti fete] oc J - 2 Stding windows A | S mae i window size = 3 \ : se 3 Dlelslefsteh fal e : t twindow size = 3 v 3 s) [slept] 5 © n deus (ST ule T Ay bx (Tel sfels Th Tol ——* Te Fuel >} at Not, Yes . Sat buck Blends ie ] seat, het SRT E havea sf aclaotcledygy need 3 4 > é © scanned with OKEN ScannerAE —= SS Baar ges_ef Shing Uiindois : MANIARA CHARITABLE TRUST RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBAI 1UHU VERSOVA LINK ROAD, VERSOVA, ANDHERI (WEST), MUMBAI 53. | I | I iz Ti | Is isadvantages ob Sliding inde PE tea Contre! { Blidest we ef Band wid, ieee ReGvery J Butforing ii) Some lexi Hi) Overhead Ze Lure a dovt note on OST ede!, oa OST Model - Dost Medel And; hy Spor Systems Lister connection, WE is 7,- letter archi coh each laser having s) | | | | I a pecific funcbonalitey be Perf i)TE was Seceped— by TSo ( Brenational Organization ~C. Stead tontion) “in He uear 14 oy 2 AL 7 lepers = collaboratively to “benim date mone person anlar acres glebe., Tb help: Yo ransler date bebueen -bvo “Levices thakae nnected over internet aye provide behind smooth TE ae boning iuckere neb ~ © scanned with OKEN ScannerMANIJARA CHARITABLE TRUST RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBAI JUHU VERSOVA LINK ROAD, VERSOVA, ANDHERI (WEST), MUMBAI - 53 2)_ost Medel Wiaayar j a = [ese] : Tesi] = t [9p liretion Leyeel ye nae . [Presentation a sages | ~ Desion ewer J | ” i | [esigor ener Th SP* Tes at oel5 = eiobe _ Tepes of layers = _ i) layer TC Ro plication Laue) = Here, users divedtly inttrach sth SeAbuare , : Tb produced clecba | which ae slo be translyved _ |. netcuevk, id Leger 6 resentation, er) '- : Et perform 5% 3) Translation , b) Dela Compr S (Session ' 2 Be perlert ss) fetin ttergeneit ) Rahat SSiom_¢) Energion Decryption tip DUK me, © scanned with OKEN ScannerA rage) | mantandeAGncrahre Tans anyaneACerrabue TRUST. oe RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBAI JUHU VERSOVA LINK ROAD, VERSOVA, ANDHERI (WEST), MUMBAI - 53 = iD lager & (Tinnegort lassen) Jae performs A) Senmentaction 5? Ftow conbol 6) Error Combol | d) Pratecel af Transpost (ayer sy) beyer 3 (Nebsork Neyer) + Tae performs Logi ent Addvessin ecg. de Jeth_delerminsbion : v) Bader 2 (Date Linle Lager) 2) tawer \ ( Phased Layer) LL Lc clemeelamnsolanilmee | 1 ya eel t = G) Rdvarraaes ef OST Medeye i) SimpMhes Networking oncepls. ii): Modularithy ii Eases Network brewle shootings: I D) disadwortages of os b i) Dirflex ibility 2) Complex in Real = World Application. QT] Beplain Services provided ty dito Tink layer — 5] the bata Unk enor io bper system [riterconnection) model peritioned — Johueen Phy eal Leger ert) & Network Lawger (taxon 3). tis “responsible es faci lbebing the reliable ee ecumass haseal medium Ze okaca that dete ay t Poulerel! test errors: J a Mofn servicer Provided by Dabr linke layer ave = Fram j roa Vine Jeger pker uw bits hom’ the Physical Ae, ae ee ee a rk of dite “that indudes conti! inky mato, T Te ee © scanned with OKEN ScannerMantiand vothh PITRE Te inom Pane nm RAJIV GANDHI INARA CHARITABLE Tone ™9No. ' | manrard efter rabies trust |" a) Y, A | RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBAI m JUMU VERSOVA LINK ROAD, VERSOVA, ANDHERI (WEST), MUMBAL - 53 Detection & conection i= Deta Linke lauer enswes Wt Lhe deta tron cmitted eft [ver a phygcal mediums _is_ hee from errors. Jt WS _orer detection tedmiques like _Gyelic Redan chney Greck (i) ew fovihy Bibs La” hee 7A the receive | | ame 8 convey a ame i bed. 2 B) Hew cobel = [oa | The Det Link layer manages the how of chon behween | ies devices {3 preven overwhelming “the receiving 7 | device with oo much dita be gittebly 7 rey ay 5 t 4) Rddeessing i= - ' The daa Unk layer poviles _MAC(Medin Access costal divesting Fach device conneded to nebwrk ts tdetified by & _umique hardumre address bnewh as MAC address. 5) cess Conboo) = uw) Dr debermines bow clevices on same phusical medium access J Bickae the’ communtettion medium A nk Ebplishmot 2 Tomin Fon 1 cede layer iF responsible br setting ep , puintaining skrmineting hWS behveen! devices, Bt ensues that [nk ¥ | prepely initilived before data +r i : fe ve ansfor besins E desly ermine © scanned with OKEN Scanner7 f= | Page No.| S 7 MANIARA CHARITARIF TRIIST MANIARA CHARITABLE TRUST rane) RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMB JUHU VERSOVA LINK ROAD, VERSOVA, ANDHERI (WESI), MUMBAI - 53, DY Symentecbion © Rearcomblas tobile seqmertection prtiaily happens in higher Iyer the De Vink” layer meg! cabs break ogo dole packets” ilo maller eames for easier -Lyansinissitn 2) Fw SL Err Recoany deporting on the fabs! used | the dede Jin layer Can alse implomet mechanisms fy pebunsting Eimear re Coverin, m__errers. - J as] Explain hamming code wstth example. 1) Hamming GRE eres an te ee od eo “technique “Heat allows a syfom Le debe Be corredt Single bit erveve ty -brantmitted dada, aE we inverted by Richard. Harming th (950 be erhance the relia’ la cf eb drantioission Zepitaly in ney Crvivonmets. B)Tke hamming Code is widely wed hp compicter nehuorks memory ayiien K communication channels "to enue Hob ded “Spd bebween system: 8 accurte. tetany Srauchare |i) Data pr Be Thare ave “ke achsal dele you wart to send Rarity Gib) There oe ecb bly dled cb specie. position in Bre code te deol detect 2 csveck ayy 5), re cede, He pasty bits are pesitione/ at pawwsis of 20. at fostion 12,4 2 eed The mumbo f_goniy bits is | determined by ‘leg af deb bir £ they are imertel int, He chee hrc a poiion hoe Pain inet Fincler jy [I "fe wer ap D> © scanned with OKEN Scanner| seannen tie a) — MANJARACHARLTABLE TRUST i RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBA! sojtnv sn, MUMBA! 53, JUHU VERSOVA LINK ROAD, VERSOVA, B) Example iy wad on 6 2 be spammitbed Consbutk tre sever —bit harming Lo this clade tele ward fovesh even goviby ay > Step le “The Siep\t mie Da D2 fs pb, fo Pa [esifeeron ii ‘TL =F ote be decided Seep Dr Yedde Py py Vs bi & De Pr Po : Jolt it : a 7 considered bi - 1, 3,5 7 rT TF | ' yu ds Daf bi fe Ir Lelt) ojijeli 5 76 considered Srhs - % 3,67 — Slo, | rr fo Dy bs dy BE, bh be bt bbe th ti lel Toli fold gavtlped bits 4S 6 7 eR bo Da ds De » Tye yo otf Reeve, Seiler eeu Reeive © scanned with OKEN ScannerMANJARA CHARITABLE TRUST RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBAI : BAI 4 [exphin Ge Jack N with sutbbe chnqrom | > [) Go = Back —N ptr uses the comept of prstoco] pipelining he te soder con Send ruttiple frames be-lore receiving ee ets etree ae nec are FE numba of famesi&. tee Pamar are tor minted tha sequelctiad manner, - 3) The number of frases that can be pak depends ch the o. window Size of the sender, Tz Tt the ache nega mast Ga a paren a cen arene? within an aqvee!”~ upon time perind, all tames in curren wind ow are Shrahsmidted 7 Exerp| fe Lend fecei: 7 Step | (F]éi5 slsfo\telf oh 7 _ liding. ae 7 _ ES window sire = 3 = . - T y _ Sep2 © [ole Islulphiio | 5 window size = 3 Steps Tle Thu fa An 5 S 7 Gro back 5 | of7—_| window size = 3 T © scanned with OKEN ScannermansardefiGrarabue TRUST risen) : RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBAI ag 208 VERSO RONG VERSOM ANDER ET UWB =o 53 Gel [tite « shat nobe oh CRC wrth erample. = 3 D Cyclic Redundanes Check (CRC) js an error -detectio, ~~ fcdnique used jy compudor nebwerks 2 aligibial _ Commensection dn icleledt! accédedn) changes to you daa SY chuing Lan smission. . ~ alae Ie meee eee te simpheity efhciene, £ — J ability bo Hees common sbypes ober res in ae Hraniribted —abcb CRE works by aching as yuence of redunded- bits (alles a dhechsum) to dda yop 7 fap f which «is genercted based on peluronjad division y 25e thee is an error He rout of He dian cil) he q 0, indieatn, ot . — : ze. 5 zz thet the dela has beer, = S) Example y 7 Grsider Se Epc qenowboy. is 97 bald xb tnd4n4 © Voc" be ® FO 54 let 1x? tony a Le LE ae ae \ \ ° \ 1 2S \ l Le Glestection ie CRO at sendes le. Me Serle side a Shing of 0's is appended te +h. debe uch) “to be trans Lted. : i) Hee , h i one less than ho. of bits ih Me deheratry Ww) Binary dwision {sport rmed f the renbtact String noe RE generator = iv) PHer division He vemande- sy detuned js called - ERC, _ © scanned with OKEN ScannerMANJARA CHARITABLE TRUST I | RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBA Cac ste dele wath + ollained after the binary nO Appended to ttn | ae division vanrl, earlier is_veplced hy CRE vemainder. f | t 1 [Shep 3+ Transmission to tecei vert [Ste newly formed code word is “bersmrbbed = she reciiver Ur Checking at Receiver side + D ithe -bransmBted code word received. er:C—“‘RERRARR._ == CRC generaber . tthe temsinder co obtained is checked. ny Se iit) On division IC) dw es Af CRE: i) Efficedb . “ Siena eee dtecdin., ie Widely a pretoce | Vie ATM emt ethernet, 2) Unittdion f cree i) Grnot Corres error. a): Fixed Pely nomial. re © scanned with OKEN ScannerMANJARA NAforabe TRUST page ——) RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBAI JUHU VERSOVA LINK ROAD, VERSOVA, ANDHERI (WEST), MUMBAI ~ 53 Qt Wheat js a Blohe ? habe are de types ef Aloha? empore them De ee prodeatl 1 Ses aoas actually designed for talent bab te ais also applicable hoy shored med jum 5 DY Tr Anis trattiele clatcns can transmit date ob same time Ae cain hence “lead obo, collsian L plate being qa-bled : e 3) The sypes of Meche are ture Bloha= | 2) Pure Micha allows shelisns Jou dyahsmrh wherever. have deb Jo be sob. YC seen oo me pe eon ackrowledgement , eS Tf te Wadinswledkemed doesn't cama willin Ve alloted Hime “Hen “the stebon aike for random amount of time. 4) ie Vel nerable zie =". & Threwg h po = Ke Fhe .G is ne, sfisheben, aie to transmit in same time, i) Slebted Alcha ay was developed fost te _inaprove the effisien ay pure_alobn 4 ete evens ceais pot alebs ave_ high. Dre Hme ot # shared chosnel jy Luided indy discrete time Thhervals called slots, c) Sending of dda ir allowed oles a beginving of slot lnerable Time = Frame Transmission “Time. oc Throng hp-t = ake Max. Threcgh pe =0.368 fr G © scanned with OKEN ScannerMANJARA CHARITABLE TRUST ve wo) RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, MUMBAI JUHU VERSOVA LINK ROAD, VERSOVA, ANDHERI (WEST), MUMBA - 53, ‘omparison behween Pure £ Cletted Mleha Sure Moka Sletted Mea. K-| Pirtreducked by universily of P| cjuheduced by Reber in hme 4 Heweii in 92 | UD seo cosa esa | cee ea ee eet | ) ary time eee T JS i)Time is- net Synclrenived Pie 2 S4nchren ized. ru) oo t iD] Woes net decrease no. of IW Te deceare no. of ‘| collision | collision Yi Vulnerable tine is=2xTe [y)| Vulnerable Lime is = Tp Mi) Max. Phreaghpt is [27 [vy Mor. throws pah 37% MS Explain GoMp/cp in detail arth its types LEA two statins sonse tre chanel 1” be idle 2 bei, shansmirting simultaneously they ail) bet ‘detect tev BF Lolltion. almosh tmmediactebd, I) peter “than —frish ‘Dan sribbng thie Frame, which ave jvetoriewabley grebled arses eg should abrap tly Step ransmitting as” goon os “the” collizton is ehetted V aS Outclty Herriman danaaed ames saves time & hudwidt Dap: pee bow as cin Zh sma woth Glision betedin) is widely used on LANs in Le imac Sublegen 8) Access me@pod used bey or CSR cp pitas poi marble, | 0 che © scanned with OKEN ScannerMANJARA CHAE RAJIV GANDHI INSTITUTE OF F TECHNOLOGY. MUMBAI JUMU VERSOVA LINK ROAD, ACHE WEST) MERE | b Signal k) Therefore, model” aervating coctecten | ; {| pevieds “occurring | b NG: I hoo Sages \ + 6.bb ya Tt distan increase: TRersmission Time te > Bound tip Tapes ef Csmp /ed | Protocols» a) New -persistet — Cemp Zpe When 4 device warts tp transmit he donrel is idle EY Ly doice wary Lr a tondom Ohetking a9. 7 Die pedisted coma zy When a device unvts fo trancmit sth» iD < edinucusly —_listog bh He charnel charrel ic IIe GAP serds “De dat. Tt channel is busy, it beed lisbring uxt! the channel becomes ide, ©)_p~ persistent _CSMB/Ed = Dn bi. approach apie easing thet the channel is idle, te: ateytee waits ed Sed perrod. TE channel vemaine idle. the device Brvrimit with probabil p TT Tt rt © scanned with OKEN Scanner