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Project List

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Project List

Spring Boot + React JS + MySQL Project List

Sr.No Project Name YouTube Link
1 Online E-Learning Hub Platform Project https://youtu.be/KMjyBaWmgzg?si=YckHuNzs7eC84-IW
2 PG Mate / Room sharing/Flat sharing https://youtu.be/4P9cIHg3wvk?si=4uEsi0962CG6Xodp
3 Tour and Travel System Project Version 1.0 https://youtu.be/-UHOBywHaP8?si=KHHfE_A0uv725f12
4 Marriage Hall Booking https://youtu.be/VXz0kZQi5to?si=llOS-QG3TpAFP5k7
5 Ecommerce Shopping project https://youtu.be/vJ_C6LkhrZ0?si=YhcBylSErvdn7paq
6 Bike Rental System Project https://youtu.be/FIzsAmIBCbk?si=7ujQTJqEgkQ8ju2H
7 Multi-Restaurant management system https://youtu.be/pvV-pM2Jf3s?si=PgvnT-yFc8ktrDxB
8 Hospital management system Project https://youtu.be/IynIouBZvY4?si=CXzQs3BsRkjKhZCw
9 Municipal Corporation system Project https://youtu.be/cVMx9NVyI4I?si=qX0oQt-GT-LR_5jF
10 Tour and Travel System Project version 2.0 https://youtu.be/_4u0mB9mHXE?si=gDiAhKBowi2gNUKZ

Sr.No
Project Name YouTube Link
11 Tour and Travel System Project version 3.0 https://youtu.be/Dm7nOdpasWg?si=P_Lh2gcOFhlyudug
12 Gym Management system Project https://youtu.be/J8_7Zrkg7ag?si=LcxV51ynfUB7OptX
13 Online Driving License system Project https://youtu.be/3yRzsMs8TLE?si=JRI_z4FDx4Gmt7fn
14 Online Flight Booking system Project https://youtu.be/m755rOwdk8U?si=HURvAY2VnizIyJlh
15 Employee management system project https://youtu.be/lD1iE3W_GRw?si=Y_jv1xV_BljhrD0H
16 Online student school or college portal https://youtu.be/4A25aEKfei0?si=RoVgZtxMk9TPdQvD
17 Online movie booking system project https://youtu.be/Lfjv_U74SC4?si=fiDvrhhrjb4KSlSm
18 Online Pizza Delivery system project https://youtu.be/Tp3izreZ458?si=8eWAOzA8SVdNwlyM
19 Online Crime Reporting system Project https://youtu.be/0UlzReSk9tQ?si=6vN0e70TVY1GOwPO
20 Online Children Adoption Project https://youtu.be/3T5HC2HKyT4?si=bntP78niYH802I7N
pg. 4 contact us on 8007592194 / 9284926333 www.codewitharrays.in
MCQ on Java 8 Features
Q1. Which Java 8 feature allows us to filter a collection based on a predicate?

(a) Lambda Expression

(b) Default Method

(c) Optional class

(d) Stream API

Q2. Which Java 8 feature allows us to pass behavior as a parameter to a method?

(a) Lambda expressions

(b) Optional class

(c) Stream API

(d) Functional Interface

Q3. What is the output of the following program?

List<String> names = Arrays.asList("ABC", "CAB", "BCA");

String result = names.stream().reduce("", (a, b) -> a + b.charAt(1));
System.out.println(result);
 (a) "ABC"

(b) "ACB"

(c) "BAC"

(d) "CBA"

Q4. Which is the new method introduced in the String class in Java 8?

(a) offsetByCodePoints()

(b) matches()

(c) intern()

(d) join()

Q5. What will be the output of the following code snippet?

Optional num= Stream.of(9, 5, 8, 7, 4, 9, 2, 11, 10, 3)

.filter(n -> n > 10)
.filter(n -> n % 5 == 0)
.findFirst();
System.out.println(num);

(a) Optional[8]
 (b) Optional.empty

(c) Optional[11]

(d) 11

Q6. Which one is the correct syntax for declaring a lambda expression in Java 8?

(a) (param1, param2) => expression

(b) (param1, param2) :: { expression }

(c) (param1, param2) -> expression

(d) (param1, param2) : expression

Q7. Which of the following interface is not a functional interface?

(a) An interface with a single abstract method

(b) An interface with an abstract method and a default method

(c) An interface with an abstract method and an equals() method

(d) An interface with an abstract method and a run() method

Q8. What is the new Date and Time API in Java 8?

 (a) A replacement for the java.sql.Date and java.sql.Calendar classes

(b) A new API for working with Optional

(c) A replacement for the java.util.Date and java.util.Calendar classes

(d) A new API for working with Java Stream API

Q9. Which one among the following is the main feature introduced in Java 8?

(a) Annotations

(b) Generics

(c) Lambda expressions

(d) Enumerations

Q10. Which feature out of following is introduced in Java 8?

(a) Strings in switch statement

(b) Improved type inference: the diamond operator <>

(c) StringJoiner Class

(d) Private methods in Interfaces

Q11. What is the output of the following program?

List<Integer> numbers = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);

int result= numbers.stream()
.filter(n -> n % 2 == 0)
.mapToInt(Integer::intValue)
.sum();
System.out.println(result);

(a) 10

(b) 9

(c) 6

(d) 15

Q12. Mary is a Java developer. She is working in an assignment. She wants to use a predefined
functional interface introduced in Java 8 that doesn’t take any input and it always returns some
object. Which one among the following option should she use to complete her assignment?

(a) Consumer

(b) Pedicate

(c) Supplier

(d) BiConsumer

Q13. What is the purpose of default method in Java 8?

 (a) A method that is automatically called when an object is created

(b) A method that is automatically called when an object is destroyed

(c) A method that is defined in an interface with a default implementation

(d) A method that is called by the garbage collector to free up memory

Q14. What is the method reference feature in Java 8?

(a) A way to create a new object using a constructor reference

(b) A way to call a static method using a method reference

(c) A way to call an instance method using a method reference

(d) All of the above

Q15. What is the Optional class in Java 8?

(a) A class that represents a value which can either be present or absent

(b) A class that represents an immutable collection

(c) A class that represents optional values to stream of elements

(d) A class as an alternative to functional interface

Q16. What is the new feature introduced in Java 8 in the context of concurrent programming?
 (a) ExecutorService

(b) CompletableFuture

(c) ThreadLocal

(d) ReentrantLock

Q17. What is the purpose of the forEach() method in Java 8 Streams API?

(a) To apply an operation to each element of a stream

(b) To filter the elements of a stream

(c) To print the elements of a stream

(d) To map the elements of a stream to a different type

Q18. Robert is working in a Java project. In one of his assignment, he is using Stream API of Java 8
where he wants to transform each element to multiple values and also compress the resulting
stream. Which of the following method of Stream API will be the best option for him?

(a) map()

(b) filter()

(c) flatMap()
 (d) reduce()

Q19. What is the Stream API in Java 8?

(a) A new file I/O stream library

(b) A new concurrency library

(c) A new API for working with collections

(d) A new API for working with databases

Q20. In the context of Java 8 Stream API, assume that you have a requirement to convert a stream
into an array or a collection. Which of the following method of the Stream interface will you apply on
the stream to achieve that?

(a) toCollection()

(b) toArray()

(c) toList()

(d) collect()

Q21. What is the output of the following code?

Stream<String> stream = Stream.of("hello", "world", "java");

stream.filter(s -> s.contains("o"))
 .map(String::toUpperCase)
.forEach(System.out::print);

(a) HELLO WORLD JAVA

(b) hello world java

(c) HELLOWORLD

(d) HELLO WORLD

Q22. When should we use the reduce() method in Java 8 streams?

(a) When we wish to apply a transformation to each element of a stream

(b) When we wish to convert a nested stream into a single stream

(c) When we wish to produce one single result from a sequence of elements

(d) When we wish to filter the elements of a stream

Q23. What is the output of the following code?

Stream<Integer> stream = Stream.of(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);

stream.reduce((a, b) -> a + b)
.ifPresent(System.out::println);
 (a) 15

(b) 10

(c) 6

(d) 5

Q24. Which is the mandatory condition to define a functional interface in Java 8?

(a) The interface should have @functionalInterface annotation on top of it

(b) The interface should have only one method

(c) The interface should have only one abstract method

(d) The interface should at least have one method

Q25. What is the purpose of the parallelStream() method in Java 8?

(a) To filter the elements of a stream

(b) To apply an operation to each element of a stream

(c) To create a parallel stream from a sequential stream

(d) To create a sequential stream from a parallel stream

Q26. What is the output of the following code?

List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 15, 3, 10, 27);

int sum = list.stream()
.filter(i -> i % 3 == 0)
.mapToInt(Integer::intValue)
.sum();
System.out.println(sum);

(a) 18

(b) 45

(c) 30

(d) 56

Q27. What is the purpose of the Optional class in Java 8?

(a) To provide optional values to a stream

(b) To store a reference to a value that may or may not be null

(c) To apply a transformation to each element of a stream

(d) To filter the elements of a stream

Q28. What is the output of the following code?

 List<String> list = Arrays.asList("banana", "apple", "cherry");
list.stream()
.sorted((s1, s2) -> s1.compareTo(s2))
.forEach(System.out::println);

(a) apple, banana, cherry

(b) cherry, banana, apple

(c) banana, apple, cherry

(d) apple, cherry, banana

Q29. What is the purpose of the peek() method in Java 8 streams?

(a) To apply an operation to each element of a stream

(b) To filter the elements of a stream

(c) To convert a stream into an array or a collection

(d) To apply a transformation to each element of a stream

Q30. What is the output of the following code?

IntStream.range(1, 6)
.mapToObj(i -> i + " ")
 .forEach(System.out::print);

(a) 1 2 3 4 5 6

(b) 2 3 4 5

(c) 1 2 3 4 5

(d) 1 2 3 4

Q31. Which of the following is a valid lambda expression in Java 8?

(a) () -> { System.out.println("Hello"); }

(b) (int x) -> { x++; }

(c) (String s, int x) -> { System.out.println(s + x); }

(d) All of the above

Q32. Which Java 8 feature allows us to iterate through a collection using lambda expressions?

(a) Stream API

(b) Method Reference

(c) Optional
 (d) Annotation Processing

Q33. Which of the following is not a valid target type for a lambda expression in Java 8?

(a) An interface with a single abstract method

(b) A functional interface

(c) A class with a single abstract method

(d) All of the above are valid target types

Q34. What is the purpose of the Supplier interface in Java 8?

(a) To represent a method that takes no arguments and returns no value

(b) To represent a method that takes one argument and returns a value

(c) To represent a method that takes no arguments and returns a value

(d) To represent a method that takes one argument and returns no value

Q35. What is the output of the following code snippet?

List<String> words = Arrays.asList("Peris", "London", "New York", "Sydney", "Washin

String result = words.stream()
.filter(w -> w.length() > 10)
.findFirst()
 .orElse("none");
System.out.println(result);

(a) none

(b) Washington

(c) New York

(d) An error is thrown

—-

For more questions, kindly visit Java 8 MCQ.

Answers With Explana ons

A1: d). Stream API

Explanation: Stream API is a new feature introduced in Java 8 that allows us to filter a collection
based on a predicate.

A2: a) Lambda expressions

Explanation: Lambda expressions allow us to pass behavior as a parameter to a method, which can
be used to implement functional interfaces.

A3: c) “BAC”

Explanation: The code reduces the list of names to a single string by concatenating the second
character of each name. The resulting string is “BAC”.

A4: d) join()

Explanation: The new join() method in the String class in Java 8 allows you to join a collection of
strings into a single string with a specified delimiter. For examples of join() method, kindly
visit Examples of join() method.
A5: b) Optional.empty

Explanation: Since 11 is not divisible by 5, the findFirst() will return an empty stream. When the
stream is empty, the return value is an empty Optional which is represented by ‘Optional.empty’.

A6: c) (param1, param2) -> expression

Explanation: In Java 8, a lambda expression is declared using the syntax (param1, param2) ->
expression, where param1 and param2 are the parameters of the lambda expression, and expression
is the body of the lambda expression.

A7: d) An interface with an abstract method and a run() method

Explanation: In addition to single abstract method, we can also have any number of default & static
methods inside a Functional Interface. Moreover, we don’t have any restrictions on including ‘Object’
class’ public methods inside Functional interfaces. Needless to say, they are equals(), hashCode(),
notify(), notifyAll(), toString(), wait(), getClass().

A8: c) A replacement for the java.util.Date and java.util.Calendar classes

Explanation: The new Date and Time API in Java 8 provides a more comprehensive and flexible API
for working with dates and times, with classes such as LocalDate, LocalTime, and ZonedDateTime.

A9: c) Lambda expressions

Explanation: Java 8 introduced lambda expressions, which allows you to write more concise and
readable code by providing a way to represent anonymous functions.

A10: c) StringJoiner class

Explanation: StringJoiner is a new class added in Java 8 under java.util package. In fact, we can use it
for joining Strings by making use of a delimiter, prefix, and suffix. For example on StringJoiner class,
kindly visit a separate article on StringJoiner.

A11: c) 6

Explanation: The code filters the even numbers in the list, maps them to integers, and then sums
them up using the sum() method. The even numbers in the list are 2 and 4, and their sum is 6.

A12: c) Supplier

Explanation: The Supplier functional interface in Java 8 represents a function that takes no
arguments and returns an object.

A13: c) A method that is defined in an interface with a default implementation

Explanation: Default methods in Java 8 allow you to add new methods to interfaces without breaking
backward compatibility, by providing a default implementation that can be overridden by
implementing classes.
A14: d) All of the above

Explanation: Method reference in Java 8 allows you to reference a method or constructor by its
name, without actually calling it, with various types such as constructor references, static method
references, and instance method references.

A15: a) A class that represents an optional value

Explanation: The Optional class in Java 8 is used to represent an optional value, which can either be
present or absent, to avoid NullPointerException and make code more readable.

A16: b) CompletableFuture

Explanation: CompletableFuture in Java 8 is a new feature for asynchronous and concurrent

programming, which allows you to create and chain multiple asynchronous tasks with a fluent API.

A17: a) To apply an operation to each element of a stream

Explanation: The forEach() method in Java 8 streams is used to apply a specified operation to each
element of a stream.

A18: c) flatMap()

Explanation: If you want to transform the elements of a stream in some way. Use map() if you want
to transform each element into a single value. Use flatMap() if you want to transform each element
to multiple values and also compress/flatten the resulting stream.

A19: c) A new API for working with collections

Explanation: The Stream API in Java 8 provides a new way to work with collections in a functional
style, with operations such as filter, map, and reduce.

A20: d) collect()

Explanation: The collect() method of the ‘Stream’ interface is used to convert a stream into an array,
a collection, or any other data structure. The Collectors class provides various methods like
toCollection(), toList(), toSet(), toMap(), and toConcurrentMap() to collect the result of Stream into
List, Set, Map, and ConcurrentMap respectively. Please note that the collect() method doesn’t belong
to the Collectors class. It is defined in Stream interface and that’s the reason you can call it on Stream
after doing any filtering or mapping operations. However, it accepts a Collector to accumulate
elements of Stream into a specified Collection.

A21: c) HELLOWORLD

Explanation: The code filters the elements in the stream that contain the letter ‘o’, converts them to
uppercase strings, and prints them out using the forEach() method. The elements in the stream that
contain the letter ‘o’ are “hello” and “world”. Since ‘print’ (not ‘println’) method is used, it will print
the two strings without any space or line break in between.
A22: c) When we wish to produce one single result from a sequence of elements

Explanation: The flatMap() method in Java 8 streams is used to convert a nested stream into a single
stream. It flattens the nested stream by merging its elements into a single stream.

A23: a) 15

Explanation: The code reduces the stream to a single value by adding all its elements, and prints out
the result using the ifPresent() method. The sum of the elements in the stream is 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 =
15.

A24: c) The interface should have only one abstract method

Explanation: A functional interface is an interface that has only one abstract method. We apply
@FunctionalInterface annotation in order to tell compiler that it is a functional interface. When we
try to add any additional abstract method in it, compiler will display a compilation error. On the
other hand, in the absence of @FunctionalInterface annotation, compiler will consider it as a normal
interface and doesn’t display any compilation error.

A25: c) To create a parallel stream from a sequential stream

Explanation: The parallelStream() method in Java 8 is used to create a parallel stream from a
sequential stream. It allows for the processing of elements in the stream to be done in parallel.

A26: b) 45

Explanation: The code filters the numbers which are divisible by 3 in the list, maps them to integers,
and calculates the sum using the sum() method. The elements in the list which are divisible by 3 are
15, 3 and 27, and their sum is 45.

A27: b) To store a reference to a value that may or may not be null

Explanation: The Optional class in Java 8 is used to store a reference to a value that may or may not
be null. It is used to avoid null pointer exceptions and to make the code more robust.

A28: a) apple, banana, cherry

Explanation: The code sorts the elements in the list in natural order using the sorted() method and
prints them out using the forEach() method.

A29: a) To apply an operation to each element of a stream

Explanation: The peek() method in Java 8 streams is used to apply an operation to each element of a
stream. It does not modify the stream, but allows for side effects such as logging or debugging.

A30: c) 1 2 3 4 5

Explanation: The code generates a stream of integers from 1 to 5 using the range() method, maps each
integer to a string with a trailing space using the mapToObj() method, and prints out the strings using
the forEach() method.
A31: a) () -> { System.out.println(“Hello”); }

Explanation: This lambda expression takes no arguments and has a single statement that prints
“Hello” to the console. The other options are invalid because they either have an incorrect number of
arguments or an incorrect syntax.

A32: a) Stream API

Explanation: Stream API is a new feature introduced in Java 8 that provides a functional way to
iterate, filter, and transform collections using lambda expressions.

A33: c) A class with a single abstract method

Explanation: A lambda expression can only be used with a target type that is a functional interface or
an interface with a single abstract method. A class is not a valid target type for a lambda expression.

A34: c) To represent a method that takes no arguments and returns a value

Explanation: The Supplier interface in Java 8 is a functional interface that represents a method that
doesn’t take any argument and returns a value. We use it when we need to get some value based on
some operation like supply Random numbers, supply Random OTPs, supply Random Passwords etc.

A35: a) none

Explanation: The code creates a list of strings, and then creates a stream from the list. The stream is
filtered to only include strings with a length greater than 10, and the first element of the resulting
stream is retrieved using the findFirst() method. Since no element is found which is greater than 10
in length, the orElse() method returns the string “none”.
1. What is a lambda expression in Java?

a) A way to define anonymous methods

b) A method with no return type

c) A method that is only available in interfaces

d) A class that implements an interface

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) A way to define anonymous methods

Explanation:

Lambda expressions in Java are a way to define anonymous methods (functions) that can be passed as
arguments, stored in variables, or returned as values.

2. Which Java version introduced lambda expressions?

a) Java 6

b) Java 7

c) Java 8

d) Java 9

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

c) Java 8

Explanation:

Lambda expressions were introduced in Java 8, bringing functional programming features to the language.

3. What is the Stream API in Java?

 a) A feature for handling files in Java

b) A way to process sequences of elements in a functional style

c) A method for sorting arrays

d) An interface for input/output operations

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

b) A way to process sequences of elements in a functional style

Explanation:

The Stream API in Java allows processing sequences of elements in a functional style, enabling operations like
filtering, mapping, and reducing.

4. Which method is used to create a stream from a collection in

Java?

a) stream()

b) createStream()

c) asStream()

d) toStream()

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) stream()

Explanation:

The stream() method is used to create a stream from a collection, such as a List or Set.

5. What does the Optional class in Java represent?

a) A way to represent null values

 b) A container that may or may not contain a value

c) A collection of elements

d) A method that returns multiple values

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

b) A container that may or may not contain a value

Explanation:

The Optional class in Java is a container object which may or may not contain a non-null value. It helps in
avoiding null pointer exceptions.

6. Which functional interface is commonly used with lambda

expressions in Java?

a) Runnable

b) Callable

c) Function

d) Serializable

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

c) Function

Explanation:

The Function interface is a common functional interface used with lambda expressions in Java. It represents a
function that takes one argument and returns a result.

7. What is the syntax for a basic lambda expression in Java?

a) (parameters) -> expression

b) (expression) -> parameters

 c) {expression} -> parameters

d) (parameters) => expression

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) (parameters) -> expression

Explanation:

The basic syntax for a lambda expression in Java is (parameters) -> expression. It can also have a block of
code if needed.

8. Can lambda expressions have multiple parameters?

a) Yes, they can have multiple parameters

b) No, they can only have one parameter

c) Yes, but only if they return a value

d) No, they cannot have any parameters

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) Yes, they can have multiple parameters

Explanation:

Lambda expressions in Java can have multiple parameters, enclosed in parentheses and separated by commas.

9. What does the Stream API's filter() method do?

a) It filters elements of a stream based on a predicate

b) It maps each element to a collection

c) It reduces elements of a stream

d) It sorts elements in a stream

 Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) It filters elements of a stream based on a predicate

Explanation:

The filter() method in the Stream API is used to filter elements of a stream based on a given predicate.

10. What is the purpose of the forEach() method in the Stream API?

a) To count the elements in the stream

b) To iterate over each element in the stream and perform an action

c) To remove duplicates from the stream

d) To sort the elements in the stream

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

b) To iterate over each element in the stream and perform an action

Explanation:

The forEach() method is a terminal operation that iterates over each element in the stream and performs the
specified action.

11. What is a default method in an interface in Java?

a) A method with no implementation

b) A method that must be overridden

c) A method with a default implementation in the interface

d) A method that is called first in a class

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

c) A method with a default implementation in the interface

Explanation:

A default method in an interface is a method with a default implementation. It allows interfaces to evolve
without breaking existing implementations.

12. Which method is used to check if a stream is empty?

a) isEmpty()

b) noneMatch()

c) count()

d) allMatch()

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

b) noneMatch()

Explanation:

The noneMatch() method checks if no elements in the stream match a given predicate, which can be used to
check if the stream is empty.

13. What is the purpose of the Predicate functional interface in Java?

a) To return an object

b) To perform an action on an object

c) To test a condition on an object

d) To create an object

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:
 c) To test a condition on an object

Explanation:

The Predicate functional interface in Java is used to test a condition on an object and returns a boolean value.

14. Can lambda expressions be used with the Comparator interface?

a) Yes, lambda expressions can be used with Comparator

b) No, lambda expressions cannot be used with Comparator

c) Yes, but only with Integer objects

d) No, they are only used with Function interface

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) Yes, lambda expressions can be used with Comparator

Explanation:

Lambda expressions can be used with the Comparator interface to simplify comparison logic.

15. What is the use of the Optional class in Java?

a) To handle collections of data

b) To represent the presence or absence of a value

c) To throw exceptions

d) To perform arithmetic operations

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

b) To represent the presence or absence of a value

Explanation:
The Optional class in Java is used to represent the presence or absence of a value, helping to avoid null
pointer exceptions.

16. Which method is used to retrieve a value from an Optional if it is

present?

a) getValue()

b) retrieve()

c) get()

d) fetch()

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

c) get()

Explanation:

The get() method is used to retrieve a value from an Optional if it is present.

17. What is the difference between map() and flatMap() in the

Stream API?

a) map() transforms elements, flatMap() flattens nested structures

b) map() filters elements, flatMap() maps them

c) map() reduces elements, flatMap() sorts them

d) There is no difference between map() and flatMap()

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) map() transforms elements, flatMap() flattens nested structures

Explanation:
The map() method transforms elements in a stream, while flatMap() flattens nested structures such as streams
of streams into a single stream.

18. Can streams be parallelized in Java?

a) Yes, using the parallelStream() method

b) No, streams cannot be parallelized

c) Yes, but only for numeric streams

d) No, only arrays can be parallelized

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) Yes, using the parallelStream() method

Explanation:

Streams can be parallelized in Java using the parallelStream() method, which processes elements concurrently
on multiple cores.

19. What is the Collectors class in the Stream API used for?

a) To collect elements from a stream into a collection

b) To map elements in a stream

c) To filter elements in a stream

d) To sort elements in a stream

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) To collect elements from a stream into a collection

Explanation:

The Collectors class in the Stream API is used to collect elements from a stream into a collection, such as a List
or Set.
20. Which method in the Optional class is used to return a default
value if the value is absent?

a) orElse()

b) ifPresent()

c) getOrDefault()

d) fetch()

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) orElse()

Explanation:

The orElse() method in the Optional class returns a default value if the value is absent.

21. Which new date and time API was introduced in Java 8?

a) java.util.Date

b) java.sql.Date

c) java.time

d) java.date

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

c) java.time

Explanation:

The java.time package introduced in Java 8 provides a new date and time API that is more comprehensive and
user-friendly compared to the older java.util.Date and java.sql.Date classes.

22. What does the map() method do in the Stream API?

 a) It transforms each element in the stream

b) It maps elements to a new collection

c) It reduces elements to a single value

d) It filters elements in the stream

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) It transforms each element in the stream

Explanation:

The map() method in the Stream API transforms each element in the stream using a given function, producing
a new stream of transformed elements.

23. Which method is used to check if all elements in a stream match

a given predicate?

a) allMatch()

b) anyMatch()

c) noneMatch()

d) matchesAll()

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) allMatch()

Explanation:

The allMatch() method is used to check if all elements in a stream match the given predicate.

24. Can streams in Java be reused?

a) Yes, streams can be reused multiple times

 b) No, streams cannot be reused once they are consumed

c) Yes, but only parallel streams

d) Yes, if they are collected first

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

b) No, streams cannot be reused once they are consumed

Explanation:

Streams in Java cannot be reused once they are consumed. After a terminal operation is performed, the
stream is considered closed and cannot be used again.

25. Which method in the Stream API is used to remove duplicate

elements?

a) filter()

b) distinct()

c) unique()

d) removeDuplicates()

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

b) distinct()

Explanation:

The distinct() method in the Stream API is used to remove duplicate elements from a stream, ensuring that
each element appears only once.

26. Which method is used to sort elements in a stream?

a) sort()

b) order()
 c) sorted()

d) arrange()

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

c) sorted()

Explanation:

The sorted() method in the Stream API is used to sort the elements in a stream either in natural order or using
a custom comparator.

27. Which method in the Stream API is used to combine elements of

a stream into a single result?

a) map()

b) reduce()

c) combine()

d) collect()

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

b) reduce()

Explanation:

The reduce() method in the Stream API is used to combine elements of a stream into a single result using an
accumulator function.

28. What does the findFirst() method do in a stream?

a) It finds the first element in the stream and returns it

b) It finds the first element matching a condition

c) It returns the first element or throws an exception

 d) It returns the first non-null element

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) It finds the first element in the stream and returns it

Explanation:

The findFirst() method in the Stream API finds the first element in a stream and returns it wrapped in an
Optional if it exists.

29. Which method is used to get the count of elements in a stream?

a) size()

b) count()

c) getCount()

d) length()

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

b) count()

Explanation:

The count() method in the Stream API returns the number of elements in the stream.

30. Can you perform parallel processing with the Stream API in Java?

a) Yes, using parallelStream()

b) No, the Stream API does not support parallel processing

c) Yes, but only with List collections

d) No, only arrays support parallel processing

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) Yes, using parallelStream()

Explanation:

You can perform parallel processing with the Stream API in Java using the parallelStream() method, which
processes elements concurrently on multiple cores.

31. What is the difference between findFirst() and findAny() in the

Stream API?

a) findFirst() returns the first element, findAny() returns any element

b) findFirst() is for sequential streams, findAny() is for parallel streams

c) findFirst() returns a non-null element, findAny() returns any element

d) There is no difference

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) findFirst() returns the first element, findAny() returns any element

Explanation:

findFirst() returns the first element in a stream, while findAny() returns any element in the stream, potentially
more efficient in parallel streams.

32. Which method is used to skip a given number of elements in a

stream?

a) drop()

b) skip()

c) omit()

d) jump()

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

b) skip()

Explanation:

The skip() method in the Stream API skips the first n elements and returns a stream containing the remaining
elements.

33. Which new interface was introduced in Java 8 to represent a

function that takes no arguments and returns a result?

a) Function

b) Supplier

c) Consumer

d) Predicate

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

b) Supplier

Explanation:

The Supplier interface was introduced in Java 8 to represent a function that takes no arguments and returns a
result.

34. Can lambda expressions be used with the Runnable interface?

a) Yes, lambda expressions can be used with Runnable

b) No, lambda expressions cannot be used with Runnable

c) Yes, but only for single-threaded applications

d) No, lambda expressions are only used with functional interfaces

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:
 a) Yes, lambda expressions can be used with Runnable

Explanation:

Lambda expressions can be used with the Runnable interface to simplify the syntax of creating threads or
tasks in Java.

35. What is the main purpose of the Stream API in Java?

a) To perform I/O operations

b) To handle exceptions

c) To process collections of data in a functional style

d) To create multi-threaded applications

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

c) To process collections of data in a functional style

Explanation:

The Stream API in Java is designed to process collections of data in a functional style, enabling operations like
filtering, mapping, and reducing.

36. What is the purpose of the peek() method in the Stream API?

a) To modify the elements of a stream

b) To view elements of a stream without modifying them

c) To remove elements from a stream

d) To sort the elements of a stream

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

b) To view elements of a stream without modifying them

Explanation:

The peek() method is used to view elements of a stream without modifying them. It is often used for
debugging purposes.

37. Which method is used to limit the number of elements in a

stream?

a) limit()

b) reduce()

c) cap()

d) filter()

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) limit()

Explanation:

The limit() method is used to limit the number of elements in a stream to the specified size.

38. What is the difference between a stream() and a parallelStream()

in Java?

a) stream() is faster than parallelStream()

b) parallelStream() processes elements in parallel

c) stream() uses more memory

d) parallelStream() is only for arrays

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

b) parallelStream() processes elements in parallel

Explanation:
The parallelStream() method processes elements in parallel, potentially improving performance on multi-core
processors.

39. Which method is used to find the first element in a stream?

a) findFirst()

b) firstElement()

c) getFirst()

d) find()

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) findFirst()

Explanation:

The findFirst() method is used to find the first element in a stream and returns an Optional containing the
element if it exists.

40. Can lambda expressions be used to create threads in Java?

a) Yes, using the Runnable interface

b) Yes, using the Callable interface

c) No, lambda expressions cannot be used to create threads

d) Yes, using the Supplier interface

Click to View Answer and Explanation

Answer:

a) Yes, using the Runnable interface

Explanation:

Lambda expressions can be used to create threads in Java by passing them to the Runnable interface, which is
then passed to a Thread.
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