HOMEWORK

The charts illustrate the proportion of workers in multiple fields in town A and town
B over a 50-years period starting from 1960

Overall, the proportion of people employed in the manufacturing sector in both

towns witnessed a downward trend, while that of the services field experienced the
opposite pattern over the period shown. It is notable that service-related jobs in
town A were the most prevalent, whereas the manufacturing field attracted most
employees in town B in 2010.

In 1960, the manufacturing sector stood at 41%, making it the most dominant
industry in Town A that year. The figures for sales and services were significantly
lower, at 30% and 29% respectively. However, in 2010, the proportion of people
employed in services increased sharply to 64%, surpassing the figures for the other
two industry to become the most prevalent field. In contrast, the percentage of
workers in manufacturing and sales nearly halved, dropping to 20% and 16% in
2010 respectively.

Although Town B’s manufacturing sector experienced a significant drop, falling from
70% in 1960 to 53% in 2010, it remained the most common industry throughout the
period. Meanwhile, sales and services both saw upward trends. Furthermore, he
proportion of people in services rose from 10% to 25%, while the figure for sales
climbed from 20% to 22%, marking a tiny increase. Despite these changes,
manufacturing still remained the highest number of workers in 2010.

Practice 4: Fill in the gaps

 - Approximately a third of people drive themselves to work.

- Nearly a fifth of the population decide to take the bus when they commute.

- Only a small fraction of people use a taxi to get to work.

- Slightly over 5% of people walk to work in Cambridge.

- Around a third of commuters travel by train.

- Exactly three in ten people cycle to work.

Practice 5: Rewrite sentences with alternative expressions

- The chart clearly shows that just under a quarter of students failed to finish
their university degree.

- n 1990, 90% of engineering students were male, but by 2000 this figure had
fallen to 75%.

- In 1960, about one-third of science graduates went into the teaching

profession but in 1970, the figure was just a tenth.

- Fifty percent of the student population were members of the union in 2001,
but five years later the figure was almost two-thirds.

- A large majority (92%) of people surveyed felt that mixed-sex schools were
preferable.

Practice 6: Write percentages in words and add an idea

- Just over half of all teenagers said they spent more than 4 hours online every
day.
 - Almost three-quarters of household appliances were found to be energy-
efficient.

- Nearly two-thirds of doctors recommended taking regular exercise for better

health.

- Just over a quarter of the money was spent on building new roads last year.

- Three-quarters of IELTS students said they preferred computer-based tests.

HOMEWORK:

PRACTICE: TRANSLATION

1. Although there was a steady increase in the first half of the period, the
percentage of people aged 25 to 35 who went to the cinema monthly
fluctuated significantly during 5 years, starting in 2006.
2. Brazil was the only country that took the lead in coffee production each year
during this period.

PRACTICE: REPLACE THE WORDS

1. from 1997 to 2007

2. took the lead

3. accounted for the highest proportion

4. a mere of
 5. identical

6. respectively

7. a mere of

8. a marginal drop of

9. took the lead

10. increased dramatically

11. Exceeding

12.Followed

13. But

14. by the end of the period

EXERCISE 2: TRANSLATE

1. Introduction
The two pie charts give information about the distribution of the world population
and people’s spending on education in 2000.

2. Overview 1

Overall, it is clear that the majority of the world population lived in the Asian Pacific
region in 2000.

3. Overview 2

It is also evident that secondary education accounted for the highest proportion of
spending.

4. Main body 1 – the 1st pie chart

Regarding the population distribution, 54 percent of the world’s population lived in

the Asian Pacific region, making it the most populated area.

5.

The percentage of people living in Latin America and Caribbean, Africa, and Europe
was much lower, at 9 percent, 10 percent, and 11 percent, respectively.

6.

There were 7 percent of the global population residing in North America.

7.

The figure for Middle East & North Africa stood at 6 percent, doubling the share of
some other regions.

8. Main body 2 – the 2nd pie chart

With respect to spending on education, the proportion of people spending on

secondary education took the lead, accounting for over one-third of the total
expenditure.
9.

People dedicated 26 percent of their spending to primary education, which was

identical to the figure for secondary education.

10.

However, the year 2000 witnessed 8 percent of the spending allocated to university
education, which was one percent lower than the amount spent on further
education.

The pie charts illustrate the proportion of holidaymakers using four different
types of accommodation namely, staying with family, hotels, camping, and
rented apartments over a 20-year period starting from 1988

Overall, staying with family was the most popular option across all three
years, although its figure witnessed a sligh decline by the end of the period.
Meanwhile, the opposite trend was true for the proportion of people staying
in rented apartments and hotels, while the percentage of people choosing
camping decrease gradually, making it become the least preferred choice.
In 1988, staying with family was the most dominant type of accommodation
among holidaymakers, accounting for 52 percent of the total. This figure was
significantly higher than the proportions for other categories. Camping came
next, with 26 percent, while hotels made up 15 percent. Meanwhile, the
figure for people choosing to rented an apartment was 7 percent, making it
the least prevalent accommodation.

Between 1988 and 1998, the figure for those staying with family still hold the
leading position, it rose slightly to 54 percent, before dropping to 44 percent
by 2008. In contrast, rented apartments experienced steady growth,
increasing from 7 percent in 1988 to 11 percent in 1998 and then doubled to
22 percent in 2008, which made it the second most common option at the
end of the period. The proportion of people staying in hotels also increased
gradually, from 15 percent in 1988 to 22 percent in 1998 and remained
plateau until 2008. Meanwhile, camping declined over the two decades. It
halved to 13% 1998 and then fell to 12 percent in 2008, making it the least
preferred type of accommodation by the end of the period.